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Advancing Multi-Agent Systems Through Model Context Protocol: Architecture, Implementation, and Applications

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arxiv 2504.21030 v1 pith:4WTLXFCL submitted 2025-04-26 cs.MA cs.AI

classification cs.MAcs.AI
keywords systemscontextmulti-agentchallengescoordinationmanagementacrossadvancing
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Multi-agent systems represent a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, enabling complex problem-solving through coordinated specialized agents. However, these systems face fundamental challenges in context management, coordination efficiency, and scalable operation. This paper introduces a comprehensive framework for advancing multi-agent systems through Model Context Protocol (MCP), addressing these challenges through standardized context sharing and coordination mechanisms. We extend previous work on AI agent architectures by developing a unified theoretical foundation, advanced context management techniques, and scalable coordination patterns. Through detailed implementation case studies across enterprise knowledge management, collaborative research, and distributed problem-solving domains, we demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to traditional approaches. Our evaluation methodology provides a systematic assessment framework with benchmark tasks and datasets specifically designed for multi-agent systems. We identify current limitations, emerging research opportunities, and potential transformative applications across industries. This work contributes to the evolution of more capable, collaborative, and context-aware artificial intelligence systems that can effectively address complex real-world challenges.

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Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Help or Hurdle? Rethinking Model Context Protocol-Augmented Large Language Models

    cs.AI 2025-08 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new MCP benchmark across six LLMs finds that proactive tool use is rare on first prompts, instructed tool use mainly improves in two-turn dialogues, MCP context degrades accuracy by about 9.5%, and input-token overh...

  2. An Auditable Agent Platform For Automated Molecular Optimisation

    cs.LG 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A hierarchical multi-agent LLM platform with recorded provenance improved average predicted binding affinity for AKT1 by 31%, while single-agent runs favored drug-likeness.

  3. Towards the Autonomous Optimization of Urban Logistics: Training Generative AI with Scientific Tools via Agentic Digital Twins and Model Context Protocol

    cs.MA 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    An LLM-powered digital twin uses MCP to connect to Gurobi and AnyLogic, automating freight optimization workflows from natural language requests, but the evidence is limited to one 14-node case study.

  4. Towards Humanoid Robot Autonomy: A Dynamic Architecture Integrating Continuous thought Machines (CTM) and Model Context Protocol (MCP)

    cs.RO 2025-05 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    A proposed CTM-MCP architecture for humanoid robot autonomy is supported only by self-assessed LLM simulations, not by real robots or independent benchmarks.

  5. Model Context Protocols in Adaptive Transport Systems: A Survey

    cs.AI 2025-08 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper proposes MCP as the unifying standard for context exchange in adaptive transport systems, based on a five-category taxonomy of prior work and a speculative convergence claim.

  6. Toward Edge General Intelligence with Agentic AI and Agentification: Concepts, Technologies, and Future Directions

    cs.NI 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that organizes agentic AI for 6G edge networks into four pillars, compactness, efficiency, knowledge and reasoning, and migration, and illustrates them with prior case studies.

  7. Contextual Memory Intelligence -- A Foundational Paradigm for Human-AI Collaboration and Reflective Generative AI Systems

    cs.AI 2025-05 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Contextual Memory Intelligence reframes memory as dynamic infrastructure and proposes the Insight Layer to preserve decision rationale, detect semantic drift, and support human-in-the-loop reflection.

  8. Vibe Coding vs. Agentic Coding: Fundamentals and Practical Implications of Agentic AI

    cs.SE 2025-05 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    A qualitative taxonomy positions vibe coding and agentic coding as complementary paradigms rather than rivals in AI-assisted software development.

  9. Intelligent System of Emergent Knowledge: A Coordination Fabric for Billions of Minds

    cs.MA 2025-06 reject novelty 2.0 of 10

    ISEK is a conceptual blockchain-and-token architecture for coordinating human and AI agents, with no implementation, experiments, or formal results reported.

  10. From Large AI Models to Agentic AI: A Tutorial on Future Intelligent Communications

    cs.AI 2025-05 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    This paper is a broad tutorial on applying LAMs and agentic AI to 6G, largely restating existing research rather than introducing new results.

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