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Constraining Light QCD Axions with Isolated Neutron Star Cooling

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arxiv 2408.07740 v2 pith:5FKUB3JK submitted 2024-08-14 hep-ph astro-ph.HE

classification hep-phastro-ph.HE
keywords axioncoolinglightneutronaxionsexistencefieldisolated
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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The existence of light QCD axions, whose mass depends on an additional free parameter, can lead to a new ground state of matter, where the sourced axion field reduces the nucleon effective mass. The presence of the axion field has structural consequences, in particular, it results in a thinner (or even prevents its existence) heat-blanketing envelope, significantly altering the cooling patterns of neutron stars. We exploit the anomalous cooling behavior to constrain previously uncharted regions of the axion parameter space by comparing model predictions with existing data from isolated neutron stars. Notably, this analysis does not require the light QCD axion to be the dark matter candidate.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Probing Fundamental Constant Oscillation in the Galactic Center with S-Star Spectroscopy

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Time-resolved spectroscopy of S-stars around Sgr A* can probe oscillations of the fine-structure constant induced by superradiant axion clouds or dark-matter soliton cores, with future instruments potentially reaching...

  2. Enhanced Axion-wind near Earth's Surface

    hep-ph 2025-02 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    A quadratically coupled ultralight scalar field develops a spatial profile around Earth that can boost the field-gradient 'axion wind' by orders of magnitude at low masses, and a nonzero incoming velocity removes the ...

  3. Ponderomotive Effects of Ultralight Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Second-order shifts of electron mass and spin-precession frequencies from oscillating ultralight dark matter exist only for DM masses above the experimental frequency scale, making g-2 constraints much weaker than pre...

  4. Time-delayed gamma-ray signatures of heavy axions from core-collapse supernovae

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    No gamma-ray excess from four supernovae in Fermi-LAT data yields the strongest constraints yet on MeV-to-GeV heavy axions coupled to both QED and QCD.

  5. Axion contribution to the mass-radius relation of neutron stars

    hep-ph 2025-06 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Trapped, thermalized axions add radiation pressure that increases the neutron-star mass at high temperatures, up to a claimed causality limit near 7.8 x 10^7 eV.

  6. CP violation in cold dense quark matter and axion effects on the non-radial oscillations of neutron stars

    hep-ph 2024-11 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Using a 3-flavor NJL model with axions, the authors find that a CP-violating angle theta=pi reduces the chiral transition density and, with a vector repulsion, yields stable hybrid neutron stars with enhanced f-mode o...

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