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Gamma-ray bursts: what do we know today that we did not know 10 years ago?

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arxiv 2412.18681 v1 pith:5PJZ23BS submitted 2024-12-24 astro-ph.HE

Gamma-ray bursts: what do we know today that we did not know 10 years ago?

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords progressrecentdecadeknowmadeopenphysicssome
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I discuss here the progress made in the last decade on few of the key open problems in GRB physics. These include: (1) the nature of GRB progenitors, and the outliers found to the collapsar/merger scenarios; (2) Jet structures, whose existence became evident following GRB/GW170817; (3) the great progress made in understanding the GRB jet launching mechanisms, enabled by general-relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic (GR-MHD) codes; (4) recent studies of magnetic reconnection as a valid energy dissipation mechanism; (5) the early afterglow, which may be highly affected by a wind bubble, as well as recent indication that in many GRBs, the Lorentz factor is only a few tens, rather than few hundreds. I highlight some recent observational progress, including major breakthrough in detecting TeV photons and the on-going debate about their origin, polarization measurements, as well as the pair annihilation line recently detected in GRB 221009A, and its implications on the prompt emission physics. I point into some open questions that I anticipate would be at the forefront of GRB research in the next decade.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

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    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Realistic GRB parameters weaken previous ALP cooling bounds, but ALP-induced secondary fireballs in GRBs could still be probed via isotropic X-ray emission from future telescopes.