Pith. sign in

REVIEW 2 major objections 7 minor 70 references

This paper reports the first measurement of the Born cross section for e+e−→KS0 Ξ̄+Σ− + c.c. at 56 center-of-mass energies, finds no significant charmonium-like resonance decaying into this channel, and measures the ratio to the isospin par

Reviewed by Pith at T0; open to challenge. T0 means a machine referee read the full paper against a public rubric. the ladder, T0–T4 →

T0 review · deepseek-v4-flash

2026-08-01 04:32 UTC pith:6YV4QPTG

load-bearing objection First cross-section measurement for this three-baryon final state, with a null resonance search and a clean isospin ratio—solid, standard BESIII work that deserves a referee, with the usual PHSP-efficiency caveat. the 2 major comments →

arxiv 2607.22507 v1 pith:6YV4QPTG submitted 2026-07-24 hep-ex

Measurement of Born Cross Section for e^+e^-to K_S⁰bar{Xi}^+Sigma^-+rm{c.c.} at sqrt{s} = 3.51-4.95 GeV

BESIII Collaboration: M. Ablikim , M. N. Achasov , P. Adlarson , X. C. Ai , C. S. Akondi , R. Aliberti , A. Amoroso , Q. An
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Y. H. An Y. Bai O. Bakina H. R. Bao X. L. Bao M. Barbagiovanni V. Batozskaya K. Begzsuren N. Berger M. Berlowski M. B. Bertani D. Bettoni F. Bianchi E. Bianco A. Bortone I. Boyko R. A. Briere A. Brueggemann D. Cabiati H. Cai M. H. Cai X. Cai A. Calcaterra G. F. Cao N. Cao S. A. Cetin X. Y. Chai J. F. Chang T. T. Chang G. R. Che Y. Z. Che C. H. Chen Chao Chen G. Chen H. S. Chen H. Y. Chen M. L. Chen S. J. Chen S. M. Chen T. Chen W. Chen X. R. Chen X. T. Chen X. Y. Chen Y. B. Chen Y. Q. Chen Z. K. Chen J. Cheng L. N. Cheng S. K. Choi X. Chu G. Cibinetto F. Cossio J. Cottee-Meldrum H. L. Dai J. P. Dai X. C. Dai A. Dbeyssi R. E. de Boer D. Dedovich C. Q. Deng Z. Y. Deng A. Denig I. Denisenko M. Destefanis F. De Mori E. Di Fiore X. X. Ding Y. Ding Y. X. Ding Yi. Ding J. Dong L. Y. Dong M. Y. Dong X. Dong M. C. Du S. X. Du Shaoxu Du X. L. Du Y. Q. Du Y. Y. Duan Z. H. Duan P. Egorov G. F. Fan J. J. Fan Y. H. Fan J. Fang Jin Fang S. S. Fang W. X. Fang Y. Q. Fang L. Fava F. Feldbauer G. Felici C. Q. Feng J. H. Feng L. Feng Q. X. Feng Y. T. Feng M. Fritsch C. D. Fu J. L. Fu Y. W. Fu H. Gao Xu Gao Y. Gao Y. N. Gao Y. Y. Gao Yunong Gao Z. Gao S. Garbolino I. Garzia L. Ge P. T. Ge Z. W. Ge C. Geng E. M. Gersabeck A. Gilman K. Goetzen J. Gollub J. B. Gong J. D. Gong L. Gong W. X. Gong W. Gradl S. Gramigna M. Greco M. D. Gu M. H. Gu C. Y. Guan A. Q. Guo H. Guo J. N. Guo L. B. Guo M. J. Guo R. P. Guo X. Guo Y. P. Guo Z. Guo A. Guskov J. Gutierrez J. Y. Han T. T. Han X. Han F. Hanisch K. D. Hao X. Q. Hao F. A. Harris C. Z. He K. K. He K. L. He F. H. Heinsius C. H. Heinz Y. K. Heng C. Herold P. C. Hong G. Y. Hou X. T. Hou Y. R. Hou Z. L. Hou H. M. Hu J. F. Hu Q. P. Hu S. L. Hu T. Hu Y. Hu Y. X. Hu Z. M. Hu G. S. Huang K. X. Huang L. Q. Huang P. Huang X. T. Huang Y. P. Huang Y. S. Huang T. Hussain N. H\"usken N. in der Wiesche J. Jackson Q. Ji Q. P. Ji W. Ji X. B. Ji X. L. Ji Y. Y. Ji L. K. Jia X. Q. Jia D. Jiang H. B. Jiang S. J. Jiang X. S. Jiang Y. Jiang J. B. Jiao J. K. Jiao Z. Jiao L. C. L. Jin S. Jin Y. Jin M. Q. Jing X. M. Jing T. Johansson S. Kabana X. L. Kang X. S. Kang B. C. Ke V. Khachatryan A. Khoukaz O. B. Kolcu B. Kopf L. Kr\"oger L. Kr\"ummel Y. Y. Kuang M. Kuessner X. Kui N. Kumar A. Kupsc W. K\"uhn Q. Lan W. N. Lan T. T. Lei M. Lellmann T. Lenz C. Li C. H. Li C. K. Li Chunkai Li Cong Li D. M. Li F. Li G. Li H. B. Li H. J. Li H. L. Li H. N. Li H. P. Li Hui Li J. N. Li J. S. Li J. W. Li K. Li K. L. Li L. J. Li Lei Li M. H. Li M. R. Li M. T. Li P. L. Li P. R. Li Q. M. Li Q. X. Li R. Li S. Li S. X. Li S. Y. Li Shanshan Li T. Li T. Y. Li W. D. Li W. G. Li X. Li X. H. Li X. K. Li X. L. Li X. Y. Li X. Z. Li Y. Li Y. G. Li Y. P. Li Z. H. Li Z. J. Li Z. L. Li Z. X. Li Z. Y. Li C. Liang H. Liang Y. F. Liang Y. T. Liang G. R. Liao L. B. Liao M. H. Liao Y. P. Liao J. Libby A. Limphirat C. C. Lin C. X. Lin D. X. Lin T. Lin B. J. Liu B. X. Liu C. Liu C. X. Liu F. Liu F. H. Liu Feng Liu G. M. Liu H. Liu H. B. Liu H. M. Liu Huihui Liu J. B. Liu J. J. Liu K. Liu K. Y. Liu Ke Liu Kun Liu L. Liu L. C. Liu Lu Liu M. H. Liu P. L. Liu Q. Liu S. B. Liu T. Liu W. M. Liu W. T. Liu X. Liu X. K. Liu X. L. Liu X. P. Liu X. Y. Liu Y. Liu Y. B. Liu Yi Liu Z. A. Liu Z. D. Liu Z. L. Liu Z. Q. Liu Z. X. Liu Z. Y. Liu X. C. Lou H. J. Lu J. G. Lu X. L. Lu Y. Lu Y. H. Lu Y. P. Lu Z. H. Lu C. L. Luo J. R. Luo J. S. Luo M. X. Luo T. Luo X. L. Luo Z. Y. Lv X. R. Lyu Y. F. Lyu Y. H. Lyu F. C. Ma H. L. Ma Heng Ma J. L. Ma L. L. Ma L. R. Ma Q. M. Ma R. Q. Ma R. Y. Ma T. Ma X. T. Ma X. Y. Ma Y. M. Ma F. E. Maas I. MacKay M. Maggiora S. Maity S. Malde Q. A. Malik H. X. Mao Y. J. Mao Z. P. Mao S. Marcello A. Marshall F. M. Melendi Y. H. Meng Z. X. Meng G. Mezzadri H. Miao T. J. Min R. E. Mitchell X. H. Mo B. Moses N. Yu. Muchnoi J. Muskalla Y. Nefedov F. Nerling H. Neuwirth Z. Ning S. Nisar Q. L. Niu W. D. Niu Y. Niu C. Normand S. L. Olsen Q. Ouyang S. Pacetti Y. Pan A. Pathak Y. P. Pei M. Pelizaeus G. L. Peng H. P. Peng X. J. Peng Y. Y. Peng K. Peters K. Petridis J. L. Ping R. G. Ping S. Plura V. Prasad L. P\"opping F. Z. Qi H. R. Qi M. Qi S. Qian W. B. Qian C. F. Qiao J. H. Qiao J. J. Qin J. L. Qin L. Q. Qin L. Y. Qin P. B. Qin X. P. Qin X. S. Qin Z. H. Qin J. F. Qiu Z. H. Qu J. Rademacker K. Ravindran C. F. Redmer A. Rivetti M. Rolo G. Rong S. S. Rong F. Rosini Ch. Rosner M. Q. Ruan N. Salone A. Sarantsev Y. Schelhaas M. Schernau K. Schoenning M. Scodeggio W. Shan X. Y. Shan Z. J. Shang J. F. Shangguan L. G. Shao M. Shao C. P. Shen H. F. Shen W. H. Shen X. Y. Shen B. A. Shi Ch. Y. Shi H. Shi J. L. Shi J. Y. Shi M. H. Shi S. Y. Shi X. Shi H. L. Song J. J. Song M. H. Song T. Z. Song W. M. Song Y. X. Song Zirong Song S. Sosio S. Spataro S. Stansilaus F. Stieler M. Stolte S. S Su G. B. Sun G. X. Sun H. Sun H. K. Sun J. F. Sun K. Sun L. Sun R. Sun S. S. Sun T. Sun W. Y. Sun Y. C. Sun Y. H. Sun Y. J. Sun Y. Z. Sun Z. Q. Sun Z. T. Sun H. Tabaharizato C. J. Tang G. Y. Tang J. Tang J. J. Tang L. F. Tang Y. A. Tang Z. H. Tang L. Y. Tao M. Tat J. X. Teng J. Y. Tian W. H. Tian Y. Tian Z. F. Tian I. Uman E. van der Smagt B. Wang Bin Wang Bo Wang C. Wang Chao Wang Cong Wang D. Y. Wang H. J. Wang H. R. Wang J. Wang J. J. Wang J. P. Wang K. Wang L. L. Wang L. W. Wang M. Wang Mi Wang N. Y. Wang S. Wang Shun Wang T. Wang W. Wang W. P. Wang X. F. Wang X. L. Wang X. N. Wang Xin Wang Y. Wang Y. D. Wang Y. F. Wang Y. H. Wang Y. J. Wang Y. L. Wang Y. N. Wang Yanning Wang Yaqian Wang Yi Wang Yuan Wang Z. Wang Z. L. Wang Z. Q. Wang Z. Y. Wang Zhi Wang Ziyi Wang D. Wei D. H. Wei D. J. Wei H. R. Wei F. Weidner H. R. Wen S. P. Wen U. Wiedner G. Wilkinson M. Wolke J. F. Wu L. H. Wu L. J. Wu Lianjie Wu S. G. Wu S. M. Wu X. W. Wu Z. Wu H. L. Xia L. Xia B. H. Xiang D. Xiao G. Y. Xiao H. Xiao Y. L. Xiao Z. J. Xiao C. Xie K. J. Xie Y. Xie Y. G. Xie Y. H. Xie Z. P. Xie T. Y. Xing D. B. Xiong C. J. Xu G. F. Xu H. Y. Xu Q. J. Xu Q. N. Xu T. D. Xu X. P. Xu Y. Xu Y. C. Xu Z. S. Xu F. Yan L. Yan W. B. Yan W. C. Yan W. H. Yan W. P. Yan X. Q. Yan Y. Y. Yan H. J. Yang H. L. Yang H. X. Yang J. H. Yang R. J. Yang X. Y. Yang Y. Yang Y. H. Yang Y. M. Yang Y. Q. Yang Y. Z. Yang Youhua Yang Z. Y. Yang W. J. Yao Z. P. Yao M. Ye M. H. Ye Z. J. Ye Junhao Yin Z. Y. You B. X. Yu C. X. Yu G. Yu J. S. Yu L. W. Yu T. Yu X. D. Yu Y. C. Yu Yongchao Yu C. Z. Yuan H. Yuan J. Yuan Jie Yuan L. Yuan M. K. Yuan S. H. Yuan Y. Yuan C. X. Yue Ying Yue A. A. Zafar F. R. Zeng S. H. Zeng X. Zeng Y. J. Zeng Yujie Zeng Y. C. Zhai Y. H. Zhan B. L. Zhang B. X. Zhang D. H. Zhang G. Y. Zhang Gengyuan Zhang H. Zhang H. C. Zhang H. H. Zhang H. Q. Zhang H. R. Zhang H. Y. Zhang Han Zhang J. Zhang J. J. Zhang J. L. Zhang J. Q. Zhang J. S. Zhang J. W. Zhang J. X. Zhang J. Y. Zhang J. Z. Zhang Jianyu Zhang Jin Zhang Jiyuan Zhang L. M. Zhang Lei Zhang N. Zhang P. Zhang Q. Zhang Q. Y. Zhang Q. Z. Zhang R. Y. Zhang S. H. Zhang S. N. Zhang Shulei Zhang X. M. Zhang X. Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Y. T. Zhang Y. H. Zhang Y. P. Zhang Yu Zhang Z. Zhang Z. D. Zhang Z. H. Zhang Z. L. 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This is my paper
classification hep-ex
keywords Born cross sectione+e− annihilationbaryon productioncharmonium-like statesisospin conservationpartial reconstructionupper limitsXYZ states
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper aims to establish the first Born cross-section measurement for the three-baryon final state KS0 Ξ̄+Σ− (plus its charge conjugate) produced in electron-positron annihilation, across 56 energies between 3.51 and 4.95 GeV. Using the measured energy dependence, it searches for the known charmonium and charmonium-like resonances decaying into this channel and finds no significant signal, so it sets 90%-confidence upper limits on their production strengths. It then compares the cross sections with those of the isospin-symmetric channel K− Ξ̄+Σ0 measured previously, obtaining a weighted ratio R = 0.8 ± 0.2. The paper argues this ratio is consistent with the value ≈ 1 expected from isospin conservation together with K0–K̄0 oscillation. The result matters because baryonic final states above the open-charm threshold are scarce experimental probes of non-perturbative QCD and of the nature of the so-called XYZ states.

Core claim

On the paper’s own terms, the central discovery is that the reaction e+e− → KS0 Ξ̄+Σ− + c.c. has a Born cross section of a few hundred to a few thousand attobarns that falls roughly as a power law with energy, with no statistically significant contribution from any of the nine assumed charmonium or charmonium-like resonances. The signal is extracted by fully reconstructing only the KS0 and Ξ̄+ and inferring the Σ− from the recoil mass spectrum. The ratio of the Born cross sections to the previously measured isospin-symmetric process K− Ξ̄+Σ0 is found to be R = 0.8 ± 0.2, consistent with the expected value of about 1 after accounting for the KS0 CP eigenstate composition.

What carries the argument

The central mechanism is the partial-reconstruction technique: only the KS0 (via π+π−) and Ξ̄+ (via Λ̄π+ → p̄π+π+) are reconstructed, and the Σ− is inferred from the recoil mass M_recoil(KS0 Ξ̄+) computed from the total c.m. energy. The cross sections are extracted by fits to the recoil-mass spectrum, with detection efficiencies from phase-space Monte Carlo. The isospin test uses the identity R_KS0/K− = R_K̄0/K− × P ≈ 2 × 1/2 = 1, where P is the probability of finding a K0S in the K̄0 state, so the measured ratio directly probes isospin conservation.

Load-bearing premise

The detection efficiency is computed from phase-space Monte Carlo at every energy point and cross-checked against a partial-wave model only at 3.773 GeV; if the real production angular distribution differs from phase space anywhere else in the scanned range, the extracted cross sections and the ratio would be biased beyond the quoted 2.5% systematic.

What would settle it

Recompute the Born cross section at a high-statistics energy point such as 4.178 GeV using a Monte Carlo generator that implements an angular distribution from a partial-wave analysis instead of phase space; if the extracted cross section shifts by more than the 2.5% systematic assigned from the 3.773 GeV check, the claimed model-independence of the efficiencies is falsified.

Watch this falsifier — get emailed when new claim-graph text bears on it.

If this is right

  • The 56 measured Born cross sections become the reference data set for this baryonic final state in the 3.51–4.95 GeV region, against which future QCD-based predictions can be compared.
  • The 90% C.L. upper limits on Γee×B for ψ(3770), ψ(4040), ψ(4160), Y(4230), Y(4360), ψ(4415), Y(4500), Y(4660), and Y(4710) constrain how strongly these states couple to baryon-antibaryon-plus-kaon channels.
  • The measured ratio R = 0.8 ± 0.2 supports isospin conservation in e+e− annihilation into three-body baryon final states; a deviation far from 1 would have indicated isospin-violating dynamics.
  • The observed smooth power-law energy dependence provides a continuum baseline that sharpens the interpretation of possible future resonance signals in the same final state.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The efficiency model dependence is the softest spot; if a partial-wave-based generator were applied at other high-statistics energies, the resulting efficiency shifts could convert the 0.8 ± 0.2 ratio into a precision test of isospin with smaller systematic uncertainty.
  • The same partial-reconstruction recoil technique can be applied to the companion channels with Λ or Σ0, providing a full isospin multiplet and a more stringent consistency check than the single ratio.
  • The large data sets at 4.178–4.226 GeV may hide a broad resonance whose signal is diluted by the continuum; an energy-scan fit with an energy-dependent phase, rather than fixed resonance parameters, could be more sensitive.
  • If pure-charmonium interpretations of the Y states are correct, the new upper limits imply that their baryonic branching fractions are small, which would rule out models predicting sizable decays of these states into Ξ/Σ final states.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

2 major / 7 minor

Summary. The paper reports the first measurement of the Born cross section for e+e− → K_S^0 Ξbar^+ Σ^- + c.c. at 56 c.m. energies between 3.510 and 4.951 GeV, using 44 fb^-1 of BESIII data. Events are selected via partial reconstruction of K_S^0 and Ξbar^+, with the Σ^- inferred from the recoil mass against the K_S^0 Ξbar^+ system. Signal yields are extracted from extended maximum-likelihood fits to the recoil-mass spectrum; Born cross sections are obtained with ISR and vacuum-polarization corrections. The measured dressed cross sections are fitted with a power-law continuum plus a Breit-Wigner for each of nine charmonium(-like) states; no significant signal is found, and 90% C.L. upper limits on ΓeeB are reported for the two fit solutions. Combining with the previous BESIII measurement of e+e− → K^- Ξbar^+ Σ^0, the ratio R = σB(K_S^0 Ξbar^+ Σ^-)/σB(K^- Ξbar^+ Σ^0) is 0.8±0.2, consistent with an isospin expectation of about 1. The paper includes a detailed systematic budget and a full 56-point cross-section table in the appendix.

Significance. If the result holds, this is a new exclusive baryonic cross-section measurement in the charmonium region, useful for testing quark-pair-creation and hadronization models and for constraining charmonium(-like) decays to baryon final states. The ratio test of isospin conservation is a clean, independent cross-check. The paper provides a complete numerical table and a careful breakdown of correlated versus uncorrelated systematic uncertainties. The main caveats are the single-energy calibration of the efficiency-model systematic and the two-solution ambiguity in the Breit-Wigner fits, but both are addressable. The measurement appears to be genuinely the first for this final state and should be valuable for future global analyses.

major comments (2)
  1. [Systematic uncertainties (model dependence paragraph)] The 2.5% model-dependence systematic is derived from a comparison of PHSP efficiencies with a partial-wave analysis at √s = 3.773 GeV only, yet it is applied to all 56 energy points. The Born cross sections, the ratio R, and the resonance limits all depend on the PHSP-based efficiencies. If the production angular/mass distributions deviate from phase space at other energies (e.g., through intermediate Ξ*/Σ* resonances or threshold effects), the efficiencies and the recoil-mass signal shape could be biased beyond 2.5%, producing energy-dependent distortions that could mimic or hide resonances. Please validate the efficiency model at a few additional high-statistics energies (e.g., 4.178, 4.600, 4.682 GeV), or justify energy independence, or assign a larger energy-dependent model uncertainty.
  2. [Tables I and III; resonance fit description] For each resonance, the fit returns two solutions with essentially identical χ2/ndf but very different ΓeeB values (e.g., ψ(3770) I: 6.6+4.8−3.2 vs II: 159.6+8.8−8.4 ×10^-3 eV). However, bracketed 90% C.L. upper limits are quoted only for solution II. The text does not state which solution is used for the final upper limit, whether the quoted limit is the conservative (larger) one, or how the two-minimum degeneracy is treated in the Bayesian/Δχ² procedure. Without this information, the resonance-search claim and the upper-limit table are not reproducible. Please define the handling of the two solutions and report the upper limits for both solutions, or justify the choice.
minor comments (7)
  1. [Table III] The Y(4710) row is missing from Table III, although the abstract, Table I, and the text list it among the nine searched resonances. Please add the corresponding fit parameters and upper limits.
  2. [Figure 2 caption] The caption says 'The red dashed line with error bars stands the theoretical calculated value' but does not explain what the theoretical value is or where its uncertainty comes from. Please clarify.
  3. [Ratio uncertainty] The paper quotes R = 0.8±0.2 but does not describe how correlated systematic uncertainties between the present measurement and the previous Ref. [29] measurement are handled. Since both are BESIII measurements at the same energies, the luminosity uncertainty presumably cancels; please state whether this cancellation was applied.
  4. [Isospin derivation, Eq. (5)] The derivation of R = 1 via K0_S ≈ K_CP=1 and P = 1/2 is concise. It may be helpful to spell out that the production flavor is Kbar^0 (or K^0) for each charge conjugate, and that the factor 1/2 accounts for the K0_S detection probability. This would prevent confusion.
  5. [Table II formatting] Several entries in Table II are difficult to parse, e.g., the 3.510 GeV row reads '12.0337.1 +7.0 −6.3 2312+436−393±1355.6'. Please reformat the table to clearly separate ε, N_obs, σB, and S(σ).
  6. [Signal-shape treatment] The text states that for energy points with fewer than 20 events the pure MC shape is used without the Gaussian resolution smearing. Please comment on the potential bias this introduces at low-statistics points and justify the threshold.
  7. [Naming conventions] The resonance names are inconsistent: the text uses Y(4230), Y(4660), Y(4710), while Table III uses ψ(4230), ψ(4660), and omits Y(4710). Please standardize the names.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity: the cross-section extraction, resonance search, and isospin-ratio comparison are data-driven with inputs independent of the claims being made.

full rationale

The paper's derivation chain is a standard experimental measurement. Signal yields are obtained from unbinned fits to the K_S^0 anti-Xi^+ recoil-mass spectrum; Born cross sections follow from Eq. (2) using independently measured luminosity, MC-computed efficiencies, QED ISR/VP corrections, and PDG branching fractions. The resonance search fits these measured dressed cross sections with a power-law-plus-Breit-Wigner ansatz whose masses and widths are fixed to PDG values; the free parameters (Gamma_ee*B, phase, continuum normalization) are fit outputs, and the resulting upper limits are limits on the same data, not predictions derived from the data in a circular way. The claimed ratio R uses the previous BESIII measurement of the isospin-symmetric channel as input and compares it with the theoretical isospin expectation of about 1; the theoretical expectation does not depend on the measured values. The model-dependence systematic for the PHSP efficiency is assessed at one energy via an alternative PWA, which is a robustness check rather than a circular reduction; extending it to all 56 energies is a legitimate systematic-coverage concern, but it does not make any equation reduce to its own input. Self-citations in the luminosity evaluation and reconstruction-efficiency control samples are standard calibration inputs, not load-bearing circular arguments. No fitted parameter is renamed as a prediction, and no uniqueness theorem or ansatz is imported from the authors' prior work to force the result. Therefore the paper exhibits no significant circularity.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

5 free parameters · 6 axioms · 0 invented entities

The paper introduces no new entities. Its free parameters are the standard continuum and resonance-fit parameters. The assumptions are domain-typical for BESIII cross-section analyses; the most load-bearing is the phase-space MC efficiency model, which is only spot-checked at one energy.

free parameters (5)
  • Continuum normalization c0 = Values in Table III (e.g., ~199.6 for ψ(3770) solution I)
    Free normalization of the power-law continuum in the dressed cross-section fit (Eq. 3).
  • Power-law index n = ~7.9 (Table III)
    Fitted exponent of the continuum term; strongly affects extrapolation across energy.
  • Relative phase Φ for each resonance = Two solutions per resonance (e.g., -0.6±0.1 and -1.4±0.1 rad for ψ(3770))
    Free phase between continuum and Breit-Wigner amplitudes; data permit two ambiguous solutions.
  • ΓeeB product for each resonance = e.g., 6.6 +4.8/−3.2 (solution I) and 159.6 +8.8/−8.4 ×10^-3 eV (solution II) for ψ(3770)
    Product of electronic width and branching fraction; upper limits at 90% C.L. are the main resonance-search result.
  • Mass-resolution smearing parameters = Not reported
    Gaussian smearing of MC signal shape in the recoil-mass fit (used for energy points with >20 events); varied within 1σ for systematic uncertainty.
axioms (6)
  • domain assumption The dressed cross section is described by a coherent sum of a power-law continuum and a single Breit-Wigner resonance (Eq. 3).
    This functional form is assumed in the resonance search; if the continuum shape is different (e.g., multiple overlapping resonances), the extracted ΓeeB limits could be biased.
  • domain assumption Detection efficiency is modeled by phase-space MC at each energy point.
    Only cross-checked against a partial-wave analysis at √s=3.773 GeV; at the other 55 points, actual angular distributions may differ from phase space.
  • domain assumption Background in the K_S^0 \barΞ^+ recoil-mass distribution is smooth and described by low-order polynomials.
    Background validated with inclusive MC at only 3.686 and 3.773 GeV; could be non-polynomial at other energies.
  • domain assumption Isospin conservation and quark flavor assignment give R_{K^0/K^-}=2.
    Used to predict R≈1 for the measured K_S^0/K^- ratio; violation of isospin would invalidate the expected ratio.
  • domain assumption PDG values for masses, widths, and branching fractions of intermediate states.
    External inputs; uncertainties are included in the systematic error budget.
  • standard math K^0-\bar K^0 mixing and CP-eigenstate decomposition (K_S^0 ≈ K_CP=1 and P=1/2).
    Standard quantum mechanics of neutral kaon mixing; used to relate the K_S^0 cross section to the K^0 cross section.

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Using $e^+e^-$ collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 44~fb$^{-1}$, we present the first measurement of the Born cross sections for the process $e^+e^-\to K_S^0\bar{\Xi}^+\Sigma^-+\rm{c.c.}$ at 56 center-of-mass energies from 3.510 to 4.951~GeV. By fitting the dressed cross sections of $e^+e^-\to K_S^0\bar{\Xi}^+\Sigma^-+\rm{c.c.}$ with the assumption of a power-law function plus a charmonium(-like) resonance, i.e. $\psi(3770)$, $\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$, $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $\psi(4415)$, {\it Y}(4500), $Y(4660)$, and {\it Y}(4710), no significant signal of any charmonium(-like) state decaying into the $K_S^0\bar{\Xi}^+\Sigma^-+\rm{c.c.}$ is observed. Upper limits on the product of the electronic width and branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level are given for each resonance. Combining this result with the previous measurement of the isospin-symmetric process $e^+e^-\to K^{-} \bar{\Xi}^{+} \Sigma^{0} + \rm{c.c.}$, the ratio of the Born cross sections, $R=\sigma^{B}(e^+e^-\to K_S^0\bar{\Xi}^+\Sigma^-+\rm{c.c.})/$$\sigma^{B}(e^+e^-\to K^-\bar{\Xi}^+\Sigma^0+\rm{c.c.})$, is found to be approximately 1.

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Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2607.22507 by A. Amoroso, A. A. Zafar, A. Bortone, A. Brueggemann, A. Calcaterra, A. Dbeyssi, A. Denig, A. Gilman, A. Guskov, A. Khoukaz, A. Kupsc, A. Limphirat, A. Marshall, A. N. Zhu, A. Pathak, A. Q. Guo, A. Rivetti, A. Sarantsev, A. Zhemchugov, B. A. Shi, B. C. Ke, BESIII Collaboration: M. Ablikim, B. H. Xiang, Bin Wang, B. J. Liu, B. Kopf, B. L. Zhang, B. Moses, B. M. Zheng, Bo Wang, B. Wang, B. X. Liu, B. X. Yu, B. X. Zhang, B. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. C. Lin, C. D. Fu, C. F. Qiao, C. F. Redmer, C. Geng, Chao Chen, Chao Wang, C. H. Chen, C. Herold, C. H. Heinz, C. H. Li, Ch. Rosner, Chunkai Li, Ch. Y. Shi, C. J. Tang, C. J. Xu, C. K. Li, C. Li, C. Liang, C. Liu, C. L. Luo, C. Normand, Cong Li, Cong Wang, C. P. Shen, C. Q. Deng, C. Q. Feng, C. S. Akondi, C. Wang, C. Xie, C. X. Lin, C. X. Liu, C. X. Yu, C. X. Yue, C. Y. Guan, C. Z. He, C. Zhong, C. Z. Yuan, D. Bettoni, D. B. Xiong, D. Cabiati, D. Dedovich, D. H. Wei, D. H. Zhang, D. Jiang, D. J. Wei, D. 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Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: Fit to Mrecoil K0 S Ξ¯+ at √ s =3.773 GeV. Black dots with error bars are data; the red solid line is the total fit; the green short-dashed line is the signal; the blue long-dashed line is the background. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution. |Mpπ¯ + − mΛ¯ | < 5 MeV/c 2 [25], and the decay length of Λ¯ is required to be larger than zero [28]. The Ξ¯+ candidates are formed by combining an additional… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: Top: Comparison of the Born cross sections between this work and the previous measurement for the reaction of e +e − → K−Ξ¯+Σ 0 [29] as a function of c.m. energy at √ s = 3.510- 4.951 GeV. Bottom: Ratio of the Born cross sections for both re￾actions. The red dashed line with error bars stands the theoretical calculated value; the solid green line with error bars represents the weighted average value of the… view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: Left: Fit to the dressed cross sections of e +e − → K0 SΞ¯+Σ −. Dots with error bars are the measured dressed cross sections (statistical and systematic uncertainties combined). The blue dashed line is the power-law contribution; the green dashed line is the ψ(3770) signal; the red solid line is the total fit. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution. Right: Contours of ΓeeB versus ϕ for ψ(3770). Green… view at source ↗

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