Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 14 of 14 outbound references and 8 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.15334.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.15334 v1

Coverage vector

measured 14 of 14 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.069223Z

measured 22 of 22 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00

measured 8 of 8 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T18:50:17.646829Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

14 of 14 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy0
unresolved11
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 6e87ada8-0abc-4b13-a4da-73a31b7a7de5 · outbound

This paper cites 2023, Phys.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters 2023, Phys

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:56.971293Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 49968df3-df0e-46aa-ad2d-6658a07d8a8e · outbound

This paper cites The formation of supermassive black holes from Population III.1 seeds. III. Galaxy evolution and black hole growth from semi-analytic modelling.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters The formation of supermassive black holes from Population III.1 seeds. III. Galaxy evolution and black hole growth from semi-analytic modelling

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.502615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 20197bca-9e9b-4e90-8119-f08c7075ec7e · outbound

This paper cites Hierarchical Bayesian inference on an analytical model of the LISA massive black hole binary population.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Hierarchical Bayesian inference on an analytical model of the LISA massive black hole binary population

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:56.999446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 77c6bcee-57b5-44e0-88c3-81e8ba20d257 · outbound

This paper cites Growth of Light-Seed Black Holes in Gas-Rich Galaxies at High Redshift.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Growth of Light-Seed Black Holes in Gas-Rich Galaxies at High Redshift

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.017307Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3662f620-0909-486c-b9fa-3961e793cf3c · outbound

This paper cites The importance of nuclear star clusters for massive black hole growth and nuclear star formation in simulated low-mass galaxies.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters The importance of nuclear star clusters for massive black hole growth and nuclear star formation in simulated low-mass galaxies

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.031972Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3794a77f-adb3-4a7f-8ebd-32a6c75d09df · outbound

This paper cites Halo Mergers Enhance the Growth of Massive Black Hole Seeds.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Halo Mergers Enhance the Growth of Massive Black Hole Seeds

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.038448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e7a0328-a1c0-4bb4-8fe8-e6adef27c60b · outbound

This paper cites FROST-CLUSTERS -- I. Hierarchical star cluster assembly boosts intermediate-mass black hole formation.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters FROST-CLUSTERS -- I. Hierarchical star cluster assembly boosts intermediate-mass black hole formation

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.045501Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3783b255-e47e-45ba-9c93-6e00be4aa2e2 · outbound

This paper cites Formation of Massive Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Formation of Massive Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters

Reference 12

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.267194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 6ef9f69f-46d2-4123-96a8-10072a66b639 · outbound

This paper cites Feeding Hidden Monsters: a Super-Eddington accreting Black Hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Feeding Hidden Monsters: a Super-Eddington accreting Black Hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.059705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d4edb9ee-5e7e-4b9f-aaed-e2b3497be3fe · outbound

This paper cites Primordial black holes as supermassive black holes seeds.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Primordial black holes as supermassive black holes seeds

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.069223Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 435b496b-0ee6-431b-b752-d978c8830ace · outbound

This paper cites The formation and evolution of massive black hole seeds in the early Universe.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters The formation and evolution of massive black hole seeds in the early Universe

Reference 145

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.024547Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 817418b6-e06a-4048-9647-cfd5a2c4a5f2 · outbound

This paper cites Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:56.978866Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c5c3d350-7646-4a4c-bdd2-4af058294c2b · outbound

This paper cites JADES. The diverse population of infant Black Holes at 4<z<11: merging, tiny, poor, but mighty.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters JADES. The diverse population of infant Black Holes at 4<z<11: merging, tiny, poor, but mighty

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.007179Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 499aee0e-3a6a-4854-b9e8-dc2af154565d · outbound

This paper cites Black hole spin evolution across cosmic time from the NewHorizon simulation.

Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters Black hole spin evolution across cosmic time from the NewHorizon simulation

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:36:57.543777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 755bf146-17ef-4f1e-8637-b1a21a08060d · inbound

Dark Matter and the Early Formation of Supermassive Black Holes cites this paper.

Dark Matter and the Early Formation of Supermassive Black Holes Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T22:11:52.194731Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 212f0cb8-e95f-4d80-aff5-b0cb744b0902 · inbound

Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei in the Very Large Array Sky Survey: Tracers of Galaxy Mergers and Wandering Massive Black Holes cites this paper.

Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei in the Very Large Array Sky Survey: Tracers of Galaxy Mergers and Wandering Massive Black Holes Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T18:50:17.646829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aab942d4-9fee-4450-bda1-d4b5a16d8e24 · inbound

From nuclear star clusters to Little Red Dots: black hole growth, mergers, and tidal disruptions cites this paper.

From nuclear star clusters to Little Red Dots: black hole growth, mergers, and tidal disruptions Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T08:17:02.933698Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b9476749-bafd-41dd-b113-fd95d4061951 · inbound

Gravitational-wave parameter estimation to the Moon and back: massive binaries and the case of GW231123 cites this paper.

Gravitational-wave parameter estimation to the Moon and back: massive binaries and the case of GW231123 Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T23:11:20.880019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation c1363acf-147f-450e-a543-a17673929b87 · inbound

Progenitor of the recoiling super-massive black hole RBH-1 identified using HST/JWST imaging cites this paper.

Progenitor of the recoiling super-massive black hole RBH-1 identified using HST/JWST imaging Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:54:23.773030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f19cda4-5ba7-40f3-8aeb-a487b30cb4aa · inbound

Predicting intermediate-mass black hole formation in star clusters with machine learning cites this paper.

Predicting intermediate-mass black hole formation in star clusters with machine learning Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 77

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T09:21:21.268224Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation f48ddddf-160b-4dd0-b429-7115c71f3090 · inbound

Loss-Cone-Limited Dark Matter Accretion onto Early Black Hole Seeds cites this paper.

Loss-Cone-Limited Dark Matter Accretion onto Early Black Hole Seeds Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 27

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T05:39:40.601839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 3a8c1c7e-21c5-4765-91f3-47949114dd13 · inbound

The diffraction-lensing interpretation of GW231123 with astrophysical priors cites this paper.

The diffraction-lensing interpretation of GW231123 with astrophysical priors Supermassive black hole growth in hierarchically merging nuclear star clusters

Reference 87

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T06:39:30.408130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.