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GigaTok: Scaling Visual Tokenizers to 3 Billion Parameters for Autoregressive Image Generation

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arxiv 2504.08736 v2 pith:D4ZPIPZO submitted 2025-04-11 cs.CV

classification cs.CV
keywords generationscalingtokenizersvisualdownstreamreconstructionautoregressiveimage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

In autoregressive (AR) image generation, visual tokenizers compress images into compact discrete latent tokens, enabling efficient training of downstream autoregressive models for visual generation via next-token prediction. While scaling visual tokenizers improves image reconstruction quality, it often degrades downstream generation quality -- a challenge not adequately addressed in existing literature. To address this, we introduce GigaTok, the first approach to simultaneously improve image reconstruction, generation, and representation learning when scaling visual tokenizers. We identify the growing complexity of latent space as the key factor behind the reconstruction vs. generation dilemma. To mitigate this, we propose semantic regularization, which aligns tokenizer features with semantically consistent features from a pre-trained visual encoder. This constraint prevents excessive latent space complexity during scaling, yielding consistent improvements in both reconstruction and downstream autoregressive generation. Building on semantic regularization, we explore three key practices for scaling tokenizers:(1) using 1D tokenizers for better scalability, (2) prioritizing decoder scaling when expanding both encoder and decoder, and (3) employing entropy loss to stabilize training for billion-scale tokenizers. By scaling to $\bf{3 \space billion}$ parameters, GigaTok achieves state-of-the-art performance in reconstruction, downstream AR generation, and downstream AR representation quality.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Balancing Image Compression and Generation with Bootstrapped Tokenization

    cs.LG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    SelfBootTok decomposes image tokens into global and local groups via self-bootstrapped learning, enabling generators to use only global tokens for ~40% less computation and a new SOTA gFID of 1.56 with 64 tokens.

  2. Autoregressive Visual Generation Needs a Prologue

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Prologue introduces dedicated prologue tokens to decouple generation and reconstruction in AR visual models, significantly improving generation FID scores on ImageNet while maintaining reconstruction quality.

  3. Autoregressive Visual Generation Needs a Prologue

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Prologue adds a small set of learnable tokens trained exclusively with AR cross-entropy loss to decouple generation from reconstruction in autoregressive visual models, yielding lower gFID on ImageNet 256x256.

  4. End-to-End Autoregressive Image Generation with 1D Semantic Tokenizer

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    An end-to-end autoregressive model with a jointly trained 1D semantic tokenizer achieves state-of-the-art FID 1.48 on ImageNet 256x256 generation without guidance.

  5. TC-AE: Unlocking Token Capacity for Deep Compression Autoencoders

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    TC-AE improves reconstruction and generative performance in deep compression by decomposing token-to-latent compression into two stages and using joint self-supervised training.

  6. Exploring Autoregressive Vision Foundation Models for Image Compression

    eess.IV 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Pretrained autoregressive vision foundation models can be repurposed directly as image entropy coders, delivering competitive perceptual quality at very low bitrates with no fine-tuning.

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