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Long-lived Axion-Like Particles from Tau Decays
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abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated examples of light, weakly coupled particles in theories beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we study long-lived ALPs coupled exclusively to leptons in the mass range between $2 m_e$ and $m_\tau - m_e$. For anarchic flavor structure the leptophilic ALP production in tau decays or from ALP-tau bremsstrahlung is enhanced thanks to derivative couplings of the ALP and can surpass production from electron and muon channels, especially for ALPs heavier than $m_\mu$. Using past data from high-energy fixed-target experiments such as CHARM and BEBC we place new constraints on the ALP decay constant $f_a$, reaching scales as high as $\mathcal{O}(10^8)$~GeV in lepton-flavor-violating channels and $f_a \sim \mathcal{O}(10^2)$~GeV in lepton-flavor-conserving ones. We also present projections for the event-rate sensitivity of current and future detectors to ALPs produced at the Fermilab Main Injector, the CERN SPS, and in the forward direction of the LHC. We show that SHiP will be sensitive to $f_a$ values that are over an order of magnitude above the existing constraints.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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New Energy-Loss Constraints on Dark Sectors from Deeply Inelastic Scattering with Initial State Radiation
A factorization-based method is outlined to derive energy-loss constraints on dark sector particles (spin 0 to 2) from ISR-modified lepton distributions in DIS, illustrated for MeV-GeV spin-0 cases at the EIC.
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ALP production in Lepton Flavour Violating meson, tau and gauge boson decays
ALPs with LFV couplings above the muon mass threshold can be produced in LFV meson, tau, and gauge boson decays, yielding clean eμ signatures that enable new searches at future experiments.
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ALP production in Lepton Flavour Violating meson, tau and gauge boson decays
Above the muon threshold, LFV ALP production in K, D_s, W, Z, J/ψ and τ decays gives new prompt and displaced search channels with projected reach up to f_a ≈ 10^8 GeV.
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Loop-Level Lepton Flavor Violation and Diphoton Signals in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model
Recasting axion limits onto the one-loop H3 couplings of the minimal left-right symmetric model excludes the right-handed scale up to 2×10^9 GeV and could eventually probe 6×10^11 GeV.
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Axion-like Particles and Lepton Flavor Violation in Muonic Atoms
In a simplified ALP model with flavor-violating e-μ couplings, constraints from Δa_e, μ→3e, and other processes limit the branching ratio of μ⁻e⁻→e⁻e⁻ in aluminum muonic atoms to O(10^{-20}), with resonant regions mor...
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Axion-Like Electrophilic Portal for Pion Dark Matter
A minimal electrophilic ALP portal for SIMP pion dark matter widens the allowed parameter space, making an ALP mass of order 10 MeV viable and consistent with the X17 anomaly.
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