Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T04:36:03.887694Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 69 of 69 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.18649.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T04:36:03.887694Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:31:54.478102Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T14:31:58.784964Z
69 of 69 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 3229cac3-83a1-4486-8ec2-ebbe13a78290 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Joint copying and restricted gener- ation for paraphrase
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c899c07a-b3bc-409d-a2c4-51e126252679 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Semantic parsing via paraphrasing
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation ced3dff4-5999-48ce-b208-fe23d1bcf0f7 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Open question answering over curated and extracted knowledge bases
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d62357fd-724b-475a-9d93-b38a8e50ece5 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Answering questions with complex semantic constraints on open knowledge bases
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation fa3e4d2b-38a9-476c-beb2-8e358bbe3578 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation QANet: Combining Local Convolution with Global Self-Attention for Reading Comprehension
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bd92657d-f727-49e4-af25-c9a8efbcfa58 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Adversarial Example Generation with Syntactically Controlled Paraphrase Networks
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 257b4649-2d95-40cb-a1f4-2b300fb920be · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Natural language pro- cessing: state of the art, current trends and challenges
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation be233d8c-c0b0-4666-b85e-bb49376145aa · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Openai report details election interference efforts, hoaxes
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 08b60108-49b9-4354-a06c-c51d9aeeb4b5 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Language models are few-shot learners
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 872d9e2e-1a8d-458e-90a1-b93217c5f5c4 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 70fd48be-1181-4c7c-811c-bf65c5da0580 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 3b40f05f-f959-4a4e-b58e-8002884cca58 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4f419194-8f5f-4470-aeea-11ae4f9ffcfd · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Defending against neural fake news
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d7c99a07-06f8-43d0-912b-f7af75912c86 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Faking Fake News for Real Fake News Detection: Propaganda-loaded Training Data Generation
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation f5beb339-04e4-49b8-8ac0-1059c759aecf · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Can LLM-Generated Misinformation Be Detected?
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8963af17-4586-4b34-be0f-04c86f749cea · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Fake News Detectors are Biased against Texts Generated by Large Language Models
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 491946a5-09f9-4afe-ac8f-58f375015412 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation The efficacy of detecting ai- generated fake news using transfer learning
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 9f5b7891-df67-47a9-b650-d16f213ecf03 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Disinformation Detection: An Evolving Challenge in the Age of LLMs
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 52912d1c-676f-4bbb-be1c-d1f7be557b3e · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Bleu: a method for auto- matic evaluation of machine translation
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 2b37b090-be87-4496-83c6-a77bbc4c13c2 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Rouge: A package for auto- matic evaluation of summaries
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation f1ff0001-82af-4be5-ab92-62a2dd0c2119 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERT
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 66bd624d-07a2-4241-90a2-7fb6a9e27d54 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A study of translation edit rate with targeted hu- man annotation
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 19bd7c01-700c-4eaa-9f73-4e50437f860d · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A survey on evaluation metrics for machine translation
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 775c714b-9bba-45f7-91df-0205d8f85a6b · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Meant 2.0: Accurate semantic mt evaluation for any output language
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 220c7ba5-d764-4a45-ac51-c98b66955a49 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Paraphrasing questions using given and new information
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation cc365db6-d1b4-45d6-9129-d7d3b984e6b7 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Unt: Sub- finder: Combining knowledge sources for au- tomatic lexical substitution
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation d2797626-08a5-4d8e-a76e-385bc6010fef · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Paraphrase Generation with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation a3259b9b-0799-47d9-81ad-b63de9fad3cb · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A deep generative framework for paraphrase generation
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c15d5134-d7a1-4484-89da-f633578a5d71 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Unsupervised Paraphrase Generation using Pre-trained Language Models
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d3bcbb30-3db2-4392-80c7-865886d923a8 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Neural Paraphrase Generation with Stacked Residual LSTM Networks
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 18e4ed5b-69e6-4e1c-9f3d-62604afea453 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Deep residual learning for image recognition
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 97bd1dd3-6d79-43bc-acb0-ea06b9d2bfba · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Paraphrase generation with latent bag of words
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 875692cf-0c0b-45af-ba87-c9c2751e39bc · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Neural Syntactic Preordering for Controlled Paraphrase Generation
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 4f057b8d-94f8-4c36-8e65-27b819ef2883 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Decomposable Neural Paraphrase Generation
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 2d7ded58-96ce-4f0c-b1bb-40d438c96301 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Generate rather than Retrieve: Large Language Models are Strong Context Generators
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation df5dd7a0-271d-4696-8748-9f6a751b666a · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Paraphrasing with Large Language Models
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 8633e30c-48ce-4122-81be-b856a271b028 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation How Large Language Models are Transforming Machine-Paraphrased Plagiarism
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 7f1dd8b1-dddb-4b88-bd95-3c2f10cdca87 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Pag-llm: Paraphrase and aggregate with large language models for minimizing intent clas- sification errors
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 0db5a29b-82ce-4f8e-9700-3b8397c6f31b · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation TinyBERT: Distilling BERT for Natural Language Understanding
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c035d37f-120b-45e6-a047-ebe431717166 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Investigating paraphrasing-based data augmentation for task- oriented dialogue systems
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 2ae586ba-3d5f-4ad6-9248-f61213b1f447 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Submodular optimization-based diverse paraphrasing and its effectiveness in data augmentation
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 032ad6e4-0385-44e2-adc5-2e925aa64139 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Improving data augmentation for low resource speech-to-text translation with diverse para- phrasing
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation bd1eeca0-680b-4d3f-87ed-da8c5840907f · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation T5w: A paraphras- ing approach to oversampling for imbalanced text classification
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 74e4b7c2-d698-4ac9-97d3-b6ca5f7fff81 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation ParaNMT-50M: Pushing the Limits of Paraphrastic Sentence Embeddings with Millions of Machine Translations
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 48c830ac-f7f7-4057-813c-923992222cf0 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Automatically constructing a corpus of sentential paraphrases
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 029f22a9-ceac-4fb8-b366-4d909cb41ff2 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Ppdb: The paraphrase database
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 47e3880f-2f60-46eb-833b-c849edc56c24 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation ParaSCI: A Large Scientific Paraphrase Dataset for Longer Paraphrase Generation
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation aeddceb0-ddf1-4b3f-8352-154d3a99692a · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Gathering and generating paraphrases from twitter with application to normalization
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 5f5b9f89-35d8-4034-a5a4-ff491d155dc3 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Cgmh: Constrained sentence generation by metropolis-hastings sampling
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation f9cffe65-87ab-459c-89a7-7977d6e56505 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation EUCA: the End-User-Centered Explainable AI Framework
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7a576beb-6e89-4c48-b231-01b80a86a614 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation why should i trust you?
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 65baeea7-1af0-49c9-949b-48593e135c79 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation New explainability method for bert- based model in fake news detection
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation b44e953d-8c1a-4a6c-967c-61e53b1a5aac · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f3108aef-37c4-4b3d-8b33-9048d142e887 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Combat covid-19 infodemic using explainable natural language processing models
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation aa21e311-3f4b-48e8-add9-331a56a51242 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Explainable machine learning for fake news detection
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 07d36183-10f8-420d-83a0-c82f5c74c32c · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Axiomatic attribution for deep networks
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 216811c8-f8fc-4e2f-8542-76dafdd222fe · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Learning important features through propagating activation differences
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 28dbfb11-88a7-4c61-b73f-a0988d390e60 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A causal framework for explaining the predictions of black-box sequence-to-sequence models
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2af972d6-6640-4dd7-8544-b329a575f144 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A song of (dis) agree- ment: Evaluating the evaluation of explainable artificial intelligence in natural language pro- cessing
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation bfb0ac97-13d5-476a-bc6b-6e5f7cdf95a6 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Interpreting Recurrent and Attention-Based Neural Models: a Case Study on Natural Language Inference
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation a59e75d2-60f0-4064-a3af-41f9cb65c191 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Model Explainability in Deep Learning Based Natural Language Processing
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation f5cc7536-e2e8-4b15-9b7e-ac737bb5058c · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Fighting an infodemic: Covid-19 fake news dataset, 2020
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation c76b9a6f-ed74-4733-ae31-ff03753cfabc · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation "Liar, Liar Pants on Fire": A New Benchmark Dataset for Fake News Detection
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f9757858-e68a-4e5e-9821-21e26c1ae416 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation NLTK: The Natural Language Toolkit
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dac7b74f-3e44-4aaa-b0f3-8ae9f0ced8f8 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation A survey on text classification algorithms: From text to predictions
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 85b60293-f579-4173-9fba-86554da75530 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Pegasus: Pre-training with ex- tracted gap-sentences for abstractive summa- rization
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation e168d7d7-b850-49df-9584-81d7fe5a0927 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation Scikit-learn: Machine learning in python
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 8379f330-7d8b-4947-90ac-58ffee859da0 · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation flan- t5-base-imdb-text-classification
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 1b27b0df-774b-4a48-9c41-6b19c35feefc · outbound
Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation distilbert-base-multilingual- cased-sentiments-student (revision 2e33845), 2023
Reference 69
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation 507c47e8-3cc7-4c74-9520-1fce2ec8e101 · inbound
Debate-to-Detect: Reformulating Misinformation Detection as a Real-World Debate with Large Language Models Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.
Observation ec3568f2-1c39-4b49-8f3e-488aaa49292e · inbound
Large Language Models in Misinformation Ecosystems: Misuse, Defense, and Vulnerability Fake News Detection After LLM Laundering: Measurement and Explanation
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.