Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.01920.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.01920 v1

Coverage vector

measured 42 of 42 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.579653Z

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

42 of 42 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy26
unresolved15
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation a4157e35-8b1f-4382-a8c2-2df19a34b70c · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance write newline

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.423213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c45d5d59-0e41-48e9-ae62-07cf5ac80c59 · outbound

This paper cites W., and Wager, S.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance W., and Wager, S

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:52.024567Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 38fe4c40-228f-46a0-978a-ef92573a6f73 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:52.013555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation aa5baa7c-db5c-4c56-a979-2d280ab6ce10 · outbound

This paper cites M., and Zhuo, Y.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance M., and Zhuo, Y

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:52.002472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b09a4628-3877-4fb2-9bc0-a779fa433fc9 · outbound

This paper cites and Langford, J.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Langford, J

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.992055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6a3ec1af-05b7-4536-8bc1-4dd4428d85a5 · outbound

This paper cites Q., Charles, D.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Q., Charles, D

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.982516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c3240f49-2074-43b6-a1af-940dd8d3749c · outbound

This paper cites and Kuroki, M.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Kuroki, M

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.972467Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bb3105de-3ae3-40d3-8551-676b1d69f9dc · outbound

This paper cites D., Lee, D., Goodrich, B., Betancourt, M., Brubaker, M., Guo, J., Li, P., and Riddell, A.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance D., Lee, D., Goodrich, B., Betancourt, M., Brubaker, M., Guo, J., Li, P., and Riddell, A

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.962529Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 61a9d15e-8e06-4165-969e-79b52437c6b2 · outbound

This paper cites Double/Debiased Machine Learning for Treatment and Causal Parameters.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Double/Debiased Machine Learning for Treatment and Causal Parameters

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.458344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 07909619-95d2-412c-96b2-4b682938619a · outbound

This paper cites Doubly robust policy evaluation and learning.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Doubly robust policy evaluation and learning

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.952115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7fa502ca-590d-457a-9242-01814351be57 · outbound

This paper cites K., Cole, S.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance K., Cole, S

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.941206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f9dedd54-7ebd-437d-90c2-03630ce9941f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.931584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation dd9ca840-3652-448b-afed-973ac8c31976 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.920837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 66896793-78c0-46df-a8c9-95c593ded294 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.911404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b3dca2dc-07d9-4a97-8d1e-eaf6a5be3bf5 · outbound

This paper cites Generalized Optimal Matching Methods for Causal Inference.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Generalized Optimal Matching Methods for Causal Inference

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.480858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b0860dab-8ce3-414d-ad89-32fb9f3441e1 · outbound

This paper cites Recursive partitioning for personalization using observational data.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Recursive partitioning for personalization using observational data

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.901889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 05270340-79d5-42f3-9a1d-47e18abfb4f0 · outbound

This paper cites A framework for optimal matching for causal inference.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance A framework for optimal matching for causal inference

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.891980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 866e195b-c017-43c9-99f0-1c62c4ccb33e · outbound

This paper cites Balanced policy evaluation and learning.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Balanced policy evaluation and learning

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.881518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b952db1b-3441-4650-9594-efd3fcb3d4c5 · outbound

This paper cites Optimal a priori balance in the design of controlled experiments.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Optimal a priori balance in the design of controlled experiments

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.870156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4858c30f-8645-4284-b6d8-fad5a18fc13d · outbound

This paper cites and Zhou, A.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Zhou, A

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.859535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 9e8cb5b7-8bec-48cf-83d1-79b0656fc53c · outbound

This paper cites Causal inference with noisy and missing covariates via matrix factorization.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Causal inference with noisy and missing covariates via matrix factorization

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.849437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 00b12952-e0bc-4412-8048-ca75f6ed0477 · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.506650Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 26acf4ea-9982-4d25-b965-1e4a334b4183 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.838833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 056238f7-3acf-43d6-a4bf-dcc24ce32fc9 · outbound

This paper cites and Pearl, J.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Pearl, J

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.828781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 5600a6ad-2962-45bf-9cf1-054d123cbc75 · outbound

This paper cites and Talagrand, M.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Talagrand, M

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.517867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2e1f0503-f294-4a61-a2cd-94bac8e0362a · outbound

This paper cites Unbiased offline evaluation of contextual-bandit-based news article recommendation algorithms.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unbiased offline evaluation of contextual-bandit-based news article recommendation algorithms

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.811853Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 8a8ae9f8-1b65-418a-a424-0db1fa0f8c8b · outbound

This paper cites M., Sontag, D., Zemel, R., and Welling, M.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance M., Sontag, D., Zemel, R., and Welling, M

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.802221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 09f7cadc-c392-4f40-89ef-7a5198de32a0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.792520Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f0ed69bd-7a5c-4ab0-9ab6-1c33c9e89cb8 · outbound

This paper cites Offline policy evaluation across representations with applications to educational games.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Offline policy evaluation across representations with applications to educational games

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.782176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 1d13c843-6897-4ee5-8a5a-77473160f849 · outbound

This paper cites On the performance of kernel classes.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance On the performance of kernel classes

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.771335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 22f27501-4a20-46b4-8a89-5bbe67ba7a0b · outbound

This paper cites Identifying Causal Effects With Proxy Variables of an Unmeasured Confounder.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Identifying Causal Effects With Proxy Variables of an Unmeasured Confounder

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.626650Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7632eb2b-4adf-457a-9e4c-81db197089c0 · outbound

This paper cites Causality: models, reasoning and inference.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Causality: models, reasoning and inference

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.760914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bf5e0396-c99a-4852-9c14-364fe3267e8a · outbound

This paper cites On Measurement Bias in Causal Inference.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance On Measurement Bias in Causal Inference

Reference 33

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d95943c3-6c45-4582-80a8-67d0fdc952b2 · outbound

This paper cites and Murphy, S.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Murphy, S

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.751120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b758fbe1-228c-47c1-ac28-e08436121e80 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.740921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 94564984-4b18-4ece-bbe5-9257b2c46a0f · outbound

This paper cites M., Rotnitzky, A., and Zhao, L.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance M., Rotnitzky, A., and Zhao, L

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.731252Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 85eb1125-4e8a-4472-8cb3-bd5e77659597 · outbound

This paper cites O., Rotnitzky, A., and Robins, J.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance O., Rotnitzky, A., and Robins, J

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.721548Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 178c3d0b-b8ed-4489-9771-1f652d4427b9 · outbound

This paper cites and Joachims, T.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Joachims, T

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.711024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b62433bf-9992-4a0a-a36c-ceebc97b787d · outbound

This paper cites and Joachims, T.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance and Joachims, T

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.700461Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 8d43c868-86ac-46a5-8cfb-befcba6b9b47 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.690340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 9060802e-4624-420f-873a-8769b76999d8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.680049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f645baef-82a9-42a5-8f8d-9974ae02156d · outbound

This paper cites The covering number in learning theory.

Policy Evaluation with Latent Confounders via Optimal Balance The covering number in learning theory

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T15:12:51.668054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.