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On the Structure of Additive Quantum Codes and the Existence of Nonadditive Codes
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We first present a useful characterization of additive (stabilizer) quantum error-correcting codes. Then we present several examples of We first present a useful characterization of additive (stabilizer) quantum error--correcting codes. Then we present several examples of nonadditive codes. We show that there exist infinitely many non-trivial nonadditive codes with different minimum distances, and high rates. In fact, we show that nonadditive codes that correct t errors can reach the asymptotic rate R=1-2H(2t/n), where H(x) is the binary entropy function. Finally, we introduce the notion of strongly nonadditive codes (i.e., quantum codes with the following property: the trivial code consisting of the entire Hilbert space is the only additive code that is equivalent to any code containing the given code), and provide a construction for an ((11,2,3)) strongly nonadditive code.
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Transversal Gates in Nonadditive Quantum Codes
New nonadditive ((7,2,3)) and ((8,2,3)) codes are claimed to support transversal T, sqrt(T), and T^(1/4) gates, improving on the previous smallest examples.
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