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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures

As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 183 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.13459.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.13459 v1

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 183 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T16:26:48.676389Z

measured 100 of 100 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

100 of 183 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact6
  • verified fuzzy0
  • unresolved94
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

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Outbound references

Observation 1d17ed6a-3366-4383-8ad2-b54beb828302 · outbound

This paper cites Chatgpt.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Chatgpt

Reference 1

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.581985Z digest=sha256:314c78e3427a48c5f88c850fa8345f5f9b70ad4e4c56a119437256f5db736a68

Observation 7f01b204-8f3b-4f9a-be43-d7e34c5f8bf2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

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Observation 2fd8c185-aab8-471a-a86f-60564ed38176 · outbound

This paper cites Copilot.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Copilot

Reference 3

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Observation dad5238a-3b3f-4907-9961-e2e0635d5ab3 · outbound

This paper cites Autopilot and full self-driving (supervised) — tesla support.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Autopilot and full self-driving (supervised) — tesla support

Reference 4

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Observation ec675b08-ab3d-43c3-9bae-8a305dca1ab7 · outbound

This paper cites Ocr software, data extraction tool - amazon textract - aws.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Ocr software, data extraction tool - amazon textract - aws

Reference 5

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Observation 33ffdc73-91a2-4068-a711-b6652d764da9 · outbound

This paper cites Membership inference attacks against machine learning models,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Membership inference attacks against machine learning models,

Reference 6

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.625607Z digest=sha256:03c6f843e934443f0ccb70ee110e935f41b4c59c6cf2775d8705f6f6862225ec

Observation 3623de56-1558-4e47-8628-c21f79548049 · outbound

This paper cites Stealing machine learning models via prediction {APIs},.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Stealing machine learning models via prediction {APIs},

Reference 7

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Observation 37fbd553-7ace-48c2-8922-aee8964aef4d · outbound

This paper cites Model recon- struction from model explanations,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Model recon- struction from model explanations,

Reference 8

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Observation 557c188d-75e8-4192-b5e0-51b8f1138795 · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive survey on poisoning attacks and countermeasures in machine learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures A comprehensive survey on poisoning attacks and countermeasures in machine learning,

Reference 9

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Observation 489d4c49-8f46-4ef2-b7b4-a870bbbaa300 · outbound

This paper cites Dnn model theft through trojan side-channel on edge fpga accelerator,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Dnn model theft through trojan side-channel on edge fpga accelerator,

Reference 10

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Observation 204e6b4e-8c75-4c38-b125-6446f16503ae · outbound

This paper cites SESAME: Software defined Enclaves to Secure Inference Accelerators with Multi-tenant Execution.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures SESAME: Software defined Enclaves to Secure Inference Accelerators with Multi-tenant Execution

Reference 11

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.674655Z digest=sha256:0fb96fca82504573f9c9b9063a1d258e5313ea63be35ddee75ffe2d8b73de5f3

Observation 2c803071-fa07-4468-bb83-b674efee5103 · outbound

This paper cites Triton: Software-defined threat model for secure multi-tenant ml inference accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Triton: Software-defined threat model for secure multi-tenant ml inference accelerators,

Reference 12

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Observation 0ca00561-6bfc-4401-80fb-f35653897198 · outbound

This paper cites Prada: protecting against dnn model stealing attacks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Prada: protecting against dnn model stealing attacks,

Reference 13

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Observation 06f9fe30-71ee-46ce-912f-366bea2cf12d · outbound

This paper cites Machine un- learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Machine un- learning,

Reference 14

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Observation a748a3f0-90a9-45c4-a2b9-8bef5c150b0c · outbound

This paper cites Strong data augmenta- tion sanitizes poisoning and backdoor attacks without an accuracy tradeoff,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Strong data augmenta- tion sanitizes poisoning and backdoor attacks without an accuracy tradeoff,

Reference 15

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Observation 53e21c43-9069-44a0-b7df-cd9616216253 · outbound

This paper cites Privacy side channels in machine learning systems,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Privacy side channels in machine learning systems,

Reference 16

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Observation 2c529706-eb42-4fc0-8b29-2c301376cffb · outbound

This paper cites The shift from models to compound ai systems.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures The shift from models to compound ai systems

Reference 17

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Observation 064ee7b0-6077-426c-a3ee-19a2d482a331 · outbound

This paper cites Langchain framework.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Langchain framework

Reference 18

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Observation 972d7a8a-8d79-429b-a41d-f7de21be0416 · outbound

This paper cites Pytorch.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Pytorch

Reference 19

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Observation 3f9d310a-be17-4adc-9b5b-a82a72a97516 · outbound

This paper cites Cuda® deep neural network library.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cuda® deep neural network library

Reference 20

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Observation 144b293c-d386-48a3-b195-c7f23c982fbe · outbound

This paper cites Rowhammer: A retrospective,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rowhammer: A retrospective,

Reference 21

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Observation fe8ce346-3722-45a3-834f-7ae60d1345cf · outbound

This paper cites SoK: Memorization in General-Purpose Large Language Models.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures SoK: Memorization in General-Purpose Large Language Models

Reference 22

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.809417Z digest=sha256:923060f3d5daaa9ac514e37f43c2cacfafdec67fb637b5060053c7951a2968f6

Observation 0874ad74-5bd5-4f9c-b943-b7db0774799c · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Security and privacy in machine learning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Security and privacy in machine learning,

Reference 23

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Observation e34c7f6d-42b0-408c-85b7-09a9c1033435 · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Membership inference is harder than previously thought,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Membership inference is harder than previously thought,

Reference 24

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Observation 37c68c4c-db04-40d8-b1e6-8cdc8f5a250e · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Model inversion attack landscape: Taxonomy, challenges, and future roadmap,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Model inversion attack landscape: Taxonomy, challenges, and future roadmap,

Reference 25

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Observation 18ceb25b-385e-4548-8858-cd1694413110 · outbound

This paper cites Mitre attack framework.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mitre attack framework

Reference 26

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Observation a2676bbf-b45d-4303-9a01-018f52ee0a50 · outbound

This paper cites In-datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures In-datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit,

Reference 27

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Observation 0d5effc0-21c5-464e-8b7b-b807ed32fd6d · outbound

This paper cites Github copilot.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Github copilot

Reference 28

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Observation ab437fca-2a7e-42c4-b9ed-6d5ff5885adb · outbound

This paper cites Amazon q developer.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Amazon q developer

Reference 29

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Observation ebafccad-0762-4dec-a490-eb53f707e950 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral ai.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mistral ai

Reference 30

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Observation e4e203ee-f4c4-4588-ab65-ad1fd0c3bdea · outbound

This paper cites Clip-decoder: Zeroshot multilabel classifica- tion using multimodal clip aligned representations,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Clip-decoder: Zeroshot multilabel classifica- tion using multimodal clip aligned representations,

Reference 31

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Observation 014c581d-3965-463e-8c94-74954065ef5c · outbound

This paper cites Mitre att&ck: Design and philosophy,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mitre att&ck: Design and philosophy,

Reference 32

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Observation 40188ab7-adae-4237-98cb-048d710e886b · outbound

This paper cites Ev- erywhere all at once: Co-location attacks on public cloud faas,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Ev- erywhere all at once: Co-location attacks on public cloud faas,

Reference 33

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Observation 1885305f-dbab-4dea-ad1e-20cca475a317 · outbound

This paper cites Theory and practice of finding eviction sets,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Theory and practice of finding eviction sets,

Reference 34

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Observation 5baa0dc4-8fbb-49d6-9411-86d725c74980 · outbound

This paper cites Flush+ reload: A high resolution, low noise, l3 cache side-channel attack,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Flush+ reload: A high resolution, low noise, l3 cache side-channel attack,

Reference 35

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Observation 42911aa2-2358-4345-9d07-06e8d604d882 · outbound

This paper cites Cache missing for fun and profit,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cache missing for fun and profit,

Reference 36

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Observation d5ce4d8b-fac2-49fa-93b0-34f971675527 · outbound

This paper cites Confusedpilot: Confused deputy risks in rag-based llms,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Confusedpilot: Confused deputy risks in rag-based llms,

Reference 37

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.941360Z digest=sha256:a5739cc44c96ca83b448f672427cbadc3f33ba56377b93ce23b34140cd344978

Observation 24309597-0288-42a2-ba3c-62f72bca1b5d · outbound

This paper cites Cache telepathy: Lever- aging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cache telepathy: Lever- aging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures,

Reference 39

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Observation d2895b32-7b18-46dc-95a7-5ff23235f0f7 · outbound

This paper cites Hugging face.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hugging face

Reference 40

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Observation 32ac1193-7b6c-47b2-a125-e360f9d160c3 · outbound

This paper cites Google tensorflow.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Google tensorflow

Reference 41

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Observation fb37b1fc-7cc8-4dd4-b43c-df96d2a920d0 · outbound

This paper cites Apache spark.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Apache spark

Reference 42

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Observation 0356afa5-d899-42e0-9c49-e0015a0aeadf · outbound

This paper cites Apache hadoop.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Apache hadoop

Reference 43

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:47.995572Z digest=sha256:5420e033be8ff80e0f30f2cada3276c6d3337a9617a8419756feb2d5b8646812

Observation e588a361-37a6-492e-a618-2d27f79f663f · outbound

This paper cites Snowflake.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Snowflake

Reference 44

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.013314Z digest=sha256:364668aaf1098ed17710e505cacaceb634c40a87bf978497fe72cd4a1cd386bd

Observation 54555caf-c53d-4313-8758-7a3e6df3b886 · outbound

This paper cites Bentoml.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bentoml

Reference 45

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.023455Z digest=sha256:4f95144bd19039061b61274fdd80b54ae19e60049ec9c3c6188ec290d9e93661

Observation 35a17ec1-9088-49a0-9e98-0a7a4e1ab88e · outbound

This paper cites Kubernetes.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Kubernetes

Reference 46

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.032674Z digest=sha256:1f4957f5f79f11ea33f95f9b8839895820d53df2b8546359dcf9f7bf009a52ae

Observation 3287ac1d-c9d4-47db-9723-13a9a293099c · outbound

This paper cites Pyyaml package.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Pyyaml package

Reference 47

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.046154Z digest=sha256:468b2219c4913fc5dc5a0213c90ffe7326f673f152f1bc2b9fd5ee7a464cc655

Observation eaae5611-df31-4694-8a1c-cb10e3df3a4a · outbound

This paper cites Cve-2023-31035.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cve-2023-31035

Reference 48

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.061961Z digest=sha256:bed71582dbea8be0bf2b5e8fb7d13c2390fa887b4775a60e8cc897d764c18bc7

Observation 05c08627-4426-42c2-bcae-3c2d86394343 · outbound

This paper cites Cve-2024-3095.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cve-2024-3095

Reference 49

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.070697Z digest=sha256:e4316cc2569f16c020510cea45253d6496897c7a84d71c1bc89735919e1af35e

Observation 8f73ffd2-41be-4715-9135-217dcd657ac6 · outbound

This paper cites Formal verification methods,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Formal verification methods,

Reference 50

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.079021Z digest=sha256:bb3e891cc2f29139de5508a2fdf626d9929656a3fc8a4713107cce9a4aa7be0d

Observation aaff326a-2956-43c9-86c0-f3811c7b3d37 · outbound

This paper cites Hfl: Hybrid fuzzing on the linux kernel.,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hfl: Hybrid fuzzing on the linux kernel.,

Reference 51

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.088486Z digest=sha256:0e520b9c941a28af910d7eebe17510277637b55eb3071fda73d5631d718b14fe

Observation 108975ce-905a-432a-b103-abebdc116bed · outbound

This paper cites Sok: A defense- oriented evaluation of software supply chain security,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: A defense- oriented evaluation of software supply chain security,

Reference 52

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.104839Z digest=sha256:7b3011fbc1a1f35343ef8b139da4372d17efd7ea27bae1cca0561b5c247558c1

Observation 25808180-b641-4818-bf05-fe54c4d28a44 · outbound

This paper cites Sok: Taxonomy of attacks on open-source software supply chains,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sok: Taxonomy of attacks on open-source software supply chains,

Reference 53

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.112052Z digest=sha256:9614ec5ea2c23335314050d4fb812b1161bd52ed8dd032c3965becedf8e7fd79

Observation 4bbe68ab-0217-45a0-853d-70ec7a482aa2 · outbound

This paper cites Practical automated detection of ma- licious npm packages,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical automated detection of ma- licious npm packages,

Reference 54

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.124818Z digest=sha256:da47197c3efb8cccef227de76f5790c0f3e806a8fd9f6ce32783ac167a53bf93

Observation 96743c1a-c479-4ad3-a59f-5e6260240558 · outbound

This paper cites Immutability and encapsulation for sound oo information flow control,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Immutability and encapsulation for sound oo information flow control,

Reference 55

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.137544Z digest=sha256:409c414267cf27766ef0ee7061abbec4bf4411ba8ff6600a981aeca6a978fe5a

Observation 4d9060f9-dd1e-48f5-b94e-b86921103dbc · outbound

This paper cites Raksha: a flexible information flow architecture for software security,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Raksha: a flexible information flow architecture for software security,

Reference 56

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.145655Z digest=sha256:ff81bbe21a009430a5b4dcb4f1feaa5056f3d5b07f55061b6e4f850f1c4e4137

Observation ce1b3b7d-370c-4d1e-8df3-dd89c5b0159a · outbound

This paper cites Mod- ular information flow through ownership,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Mod- ular information flow through ownership,

Reference 57

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.153034Z digest=sha256:a2be2f1bdae6ad0be484a16e6bb00dd7a3b3073cd82dbbdec2c63f9fb3c73e8e

Observation 3f44c7c0-ecc2-4cd4-a42f-100b5103c820 · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking privacy in machine learning pipelines from an information flow control perspective,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rethinking privacy in machine learning pipelines from an information flow control perspective,

Reference 58

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.162293Z digest=sha256:860d895aed92552eac565ed5adf0229604b3092f50bc8a6cfbad4b3fad9ca51f

Observation 9dc92f20-9424-4a27-a16d-0b2a8d49beca · outbound

This paper cites Rust ai engine.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rust ai engine

Reference 59

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.180114Z digest=sha256:6c3d08debb84422bd4ee5726f6becf7da4effb178cc1d9a6e2f0e79f44bd9434

Observation 550f4880-d673-4bb2-a2b7-bc3dd0588a72 · outbound

This paper cites Rusty Linux: Advances in Rust for Linux Kernel Development.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rusty Linux: Advances in Rust for Linux Kernel Development

Reference 60

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.195016Z digest=sha256:ed8e1c5399666fca193bb78e0dbacd003e075ae77186347af4edfdc5fe33e7bc

Observation 399c3b4f-0cb8-4282-ba98-7ffcbdc5185f · outbound

This paper cites Erim: Secure, efficient in-process isolation with memory protection keys,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Erim: Secure, efficient in-process isolation with memory protection keys,

Reference 61

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.210597Z digest=sha256:83568f722f27caf06e1664e0081a54f26342dd57608bf45ea135f4ba0c042865

Observation b2b57b35-95be-4e5b-ab0b-2cafff4f3ab9 · outbound

This paper cites Securecells: A secure compartmentalized architecture,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Securecells: A secure compartmentalized architecture,

Reference 62

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.221388Z digest=sha256:3d3ddb11e11976fb7e8ddf69b96e35928df9c8b608da706182ac49a306a72b8e

Observation d87f32df-493c-4e33-a896-fd520c9027b9 · outbound

This paper cites Retrofitting fine grain isola- tion in the firefox renderer,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Retrofitting fine grain isola- tion in the firefox renderer,

Reference 63

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.228685Z digest=sha256:aa0cfcbb80d53f91a0a6513fbbfec43318e253b184327bc1e3b9f10c2d0f95b4

Observation 190ae8d1-6aaf-46cd-8bd7-a596ccddf4f8 · outbound

This paper cites Going beyond the limits of sfi: Flexible and secure hardware-assisted in-process isolation with hfi,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Going beyond the limits of sfi: Flexible and secure hardware-assisted in-process isolation with hfi,

Reference 64

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.234534Z digest=sha256:56145f3ba2c1b2327b1ded4c365b06408eb17c683b793af2dd5702c86bc77ec6

Observation 721c84b2-d2fd-4705-8a9f-547fdc9def69 · outbound

This paper cites Cheri: A hybrid capability-system architecture for scalable software compart- mentalization,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Cheri: A hybrid capability-system architecture for scalable software compart- mentalization,

Reference 65

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.244590Z digest=sha256:061169d4c6de079a88d030d3070bbef5b2c74f17115c408315e1c5472d0c395d

Observation b6683080-c406-4bc5-bdde-41b386c686f3 · outbound

This paper cites Morpheus: A vulnerability-tolerant secure architecture based on ensembles of moving target defenses with churn,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Morpheus: A vulnerability-tolerant secure architecture based on ensembles of moving target defenses with churn,

Reference 66

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.255468Z digest=sha256:edd4b9f0a60ba4e79784b97ffbb7febc1a16c5cfe6427b626a8b5b165b46f00e

Observation 8476dd99-55c6-43cf-8774-b9ebdf5b0f71 · outbound

This paper cites Boosting microservice resilience: An evaluation of istio’s impact on kubernetes clusters under chaos,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Boosting microservice resilience: An evaluation of istio’s impact on kubernetes clusters under chaos,

Reference 67

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.266704Z digest=sha256:0a4bde7bc2eda5d51c7752b07731ad18be664e02fafa6589a866df5f2bd3ca11

Observation ceaf804e-5ea7-41c5-b86e-53977a75c8fe · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking system audit architectures for high event coverage and synchronous log availability,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rethinking system audit architectures for high event coverage and synchronous log availability,

Reference 68

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.273959Z digest=sha256:1ade1dbca77726d827c44abfbd32b1394919c05d4a3e54fcb834c799912a89f2

Observation 58efcf24-36ff-4e47-9516-d195d20c03fa · outbound

This paper cites Nvidia bluefield dpu.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Nvidia bluefield dpu

Reference 69

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.289561Z digest=sha256:6f440fbae9c63ff130c46730b7e2a6317e8caa1f39ea0973fcdb8d7f77bec6c8

Observation f5f881b3-bd28-41a3-ab63-c7f2553d0516 · outbound

This paper cites Practical cold boot attack on iot device-case study on raspberry pi,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical cold boot attack on iot device-case study on raspberry pi,

Reference 70

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.304275Z digest=sha256:8df3c0e94f1b473689b781c64b067171daf3738ded9ab55e0a98b69f2a130664

Observation 263d8b64-888d-43a9-8239-0266fc06f838 · outbound

This paper cites Warm-boot attack on modern drams,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Warm-boot attack on modern drams,

Reference 71

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.314754Z digest=sha256:56e3ccababba3be8ad3efc2851cf4236997ffb75e74ddaf7571803a2d537bd4a

Observation c9c62902-f948-41f2-a033-660fd34ce7fa · outbound

This paper cites Drama: Exploiting dram addressing for cross-cpu attacks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Drama: Exploiting dram addressing for cross-cpu attacks,

Reference 72

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.324764Z digest=sha256:dbc010d47052f44dd5c7ee82d4d8812e9ca45668c2b164944805a61bf5cf09fb

Observation 7f30e256-67bb-4793-8b14-eb6d76ae4b5e · outbound

This paper cites Dramaqueen: Revisiting side channels in dram,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Dramaqueen: Revisiting side channels in dram,

Reference 73

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.336675Z digest=sha256:0310c4622afade9b6424982e9f6f8bd26fcb8a12cc8a7c40d1dfc9245488bb10

Observation 211e7a6c-cbdc-4b01-a0b4-28c5541d576b · outbound

This paper cites Nvleak:off-chip side-channel attacks via non-volatile mem- ory systems,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Nvleak:off-chip side-channel attacks via non-volatile mem- ory systems,

Reference 74

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.346882Z digest=sha256:965713048fa1f80abf33ef402c06a1cee6a3487b63d5f7054864065553333616

Observation d157c122-07c4-4ec7-a926-7567ffbecda3 · outbound

This paper cites Deephammer: Depleting the intelligence of deep neural networks through targeted chain of bit flips,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deephammer: Depleting the intelligence of deep neural networks through targeted chain of bit flips,

Reference 75

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.357176Z digest=sha256:f9d7b4ca128911f68ac99765c15ee7ab9d847d720698a77d42c6a84bc8600b84

Observation 5ae70405-4990-4f42-95e3-8ff737f8dab4 · outbound

This paper cites Yes, one-bit-flip matters! universal dnn model inference depletion with runtime code fault injection,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Yes, one-bit-flip matters! universal dnn model inference depletion with runtime code fault injection,

Reference 76

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.367051Z digest=sha256:be7f53369994d76d81f7fd47a25d986eee9034a73febda175c4a44fd5dfb5fee

Observation 6963e044-0169-4e9f-9ee9-60817fa4a450 · outbound

This paper cites Bit-flip attack: Crushing neural net- work with progressive bit search,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bit-flip attack: Crushing neural net- work with progressive bit search,

Reference 77

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.376861Z digest=sha256:509a21b0557507ae2117ff1ad57152a6326157a68ba99973f70f0f0b8974bc2a

Observation f8a59798-f740-44a7-8bbb-6a9e4f71bc19 · outbound

This paper cites Rambleed: Reading bits in memory without accessing them,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rambleed: Reading bits in memory without accessing them,

Reference 78

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.387698Z digest=sha256:afeb82779eae21ed7a83f9c3db801d0bcc12748698b37eeda344fba18e2b7081

Observation da900df5-04ce-4da4-a5a1-d492bb3524e5 · outbound

This paper cites Deepsteal: Advanced model extractions leveraging efficient weight stealing in memories,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deepsteal: Advanced model extractions leveraging efficient weight stealing in memories,

Reference 79

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.394925Z digest=sha256:251a8b78c833bc06b7b2da6852886e09e93c07ad96578acddb547679c366717d

Observation fb71c962-833f-4c25-8d26-99ef05fc38f0 · outbound

This paper cites Side- channel attack analysis on in-memory computing architectures,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Side- channel attack analysis on in-memory computing architectures,

Reference 80

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.407936Z digest=sha256:44ee9d1ebc3df5b27afdc8f8542e68468c00b53145a4c3d6a29164910f73226d

Observation a2b2078d-11ca-4c38-9a96-f01240882ae7 · outbound

This paper cites Powergan: A machine learning approach for power side-channel attack on compute-in-memory accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Powergan: A machine learning approach for power side-channel attack on compute-in-memory accelerators,

Reference 81

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.421874Z digest=sha256:2bd6c816cca9936f6b69b86ac9983f81a249e4ed1c5e4b3f0e4fd027ae320412

Observation 61710016-9e82-44dd-87de-56999f9268f7 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting Main Memory-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks in the Context of Processing-in-Memory.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Revisiting Main Memory-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks in the Context of Processing-in-Memory

Reference 82

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.431795Z digest=sha256:69b46c5b571302cd897a7f54cfc94cd64b906029513f0e904d37701f65ad1665

Observation e51fb4c3-a8e1-4683-be93-36b6ece115db · outbound

This paper cites Understanding error propagation in deep learning neural network (dnn) accelerators and applications,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Understanding error propagation in deep learning neural network (dnn) accelerators and applications,

Reference 84

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.463811Z digest=sha256:f632189a7f37a3fa26441208ec65af0a5edff083a52edfa627a07abaa2fed3b7

Observation 7d534396-8608-40df-be87-d2cee68c26e6 · outbound

This paper cites Fault injection for tensorflow applications,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Fault injection for tensorflow applications,

Reference 85

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.474049Z digest=sha256:3763acbdc7d782b2fda9da97e41ae555e249bad9025fcd1bd82d1cf281a224f7

Observation bbf05e1c-e2b6-41a5-9dbe-3c91e0af95fb · outbound

This paper cites pcileech.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures pcileech

Reference 86

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.482747Z digest=sha256:c79c03eae2c70f3438d9a9bb3272cf2fe3ab68f096cd5ae42a789b7568b00390

Observation 5d129d9f-d4e8-46c8-99fb-2388081e48db · outbound

This paper cites Thunderclap: Exploring vulnerabilities in operating system iommu protection via dma from untrustworthy peripherals,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Thunderclap: Exploring vulnerabilities in operating system iommu protection via dma from untrustworthy peripherals,

Reference 87

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.490863Z digest=sha256:321601ced5e8dd97b85100b440343aed7e2d0b3752cc29831621c93e58f6828a

Observation 8a99724b-4896-4c5c-9be6-de8f01817929 · outbound

This paper cites New Security Challenges on Machine Learning Inference Engine: Chip Cloning and Model Reverse Engineering.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures New Security Challenges on Machine Learning Inference Engine: Chip Cloning and Model Reverse Engineering

Reference 88

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.505660Z digest=sha256:bb28f890d043782f05c0d5b56afaf398eabfaf7782b64aada34b3e4c3acd6dc6

Observation f0672432-354f-4c0a-91ba-ee28e83f3817 · outbound

This paper cites Reverse engineering convo- lutional neural networks through side-channel information leaks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Reverse engineering convo- lutional neural networks through side-channel information leaks,

Reference 89

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.519842Z digest=sha256:33d3cc564bd2821a72b0e779279cbcd84181e176aff68582db9a4482a9d21563

Observation 53bcbfe3-0b18-40b4-8699-c7a40666cf95 · outbound

This paper cites Bandwidth Utilization Side-Channel on ML Inference Accelerators.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Bandwidth Utilization Side-Channel on ML Inference Accelerators

Reference 90

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.527391Z digest=sha256:262551303ab1cff64bb06a73ec8726abd0ea32bb07897a3a67500c2e3166ac62

Observation c3ca3481-d1d6-4c0e-9e25-2fe542debe1d · outbound

This paper cites Chen, “Hmtt.” https://asg.ict.ac.cn/hmtt/, 2019.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Chen, “Hmtt.” https://asg.ict.ac.cn/hmtt/, 2019

Reference 91

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.536725Z digest=sha256:a5a7b4d2cb7bc8b960f4c3098f6ccea9ec35016cc44abe6b0efb4d224e95bb94

Observation 3868178d-67b2-431a-a1b9-ccd362399909 · outbound

This paper cites Hermes attack: Steal dnn models with lossless inference accuracy,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Hermes attack: Steal dnn models with lossless inference accuracy,

Reference 92

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.548406Z digest=sha256:ed7d6bedad062b3e33d5d7d57037e2f6382503e81a45f891b12e2e05339a0a55

Observation a7d94e91-e12f-42ad-9d1d-303fe9e97597 · outbound

This paper cites Deepsniffer: A dnn model extraction framework based on learning architectural hints,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Deepsniffer: A dnn model extraction framework based on learning architectural hints,

Reference 93

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.557915Z digest=sha256:e64ec6c00ea2639d05d2aea07e7054c5a2bd68a16e762147c2b2d54d3481b920

Observation 5abedf82-125e-468f-a382-743827a267ee · outbound

This paper cites Rendered insecure: Gpu side channel attacks are practical,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Rendered insecure: Gpu side channel attacks are practical,

Reference 94

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.565738Z digest=sha256:e048f52c4c0c736d342aa9c57bb5598a1df03643815c2094d7b69fdd38cdabab

Observation ed03dd3c-df11-452b-b4d0-a6b0dfda7548 · outbound

This paper cites Leaky dnn: Stealing deep-learning model secret with gpu context-switching side-channel,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Leaky dnn: Stealing deep-learning model secret with gpu context-switching side-channel,

Reference 95

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.574870Z digest=sha256:1a23d56590638d5b7d8fc8388b728218916d7350e7df87b63aa304e4939f886a

Observation 68b595f5-31e1-405a-99cb-af3984fb2cbc · outbound

This paper cites Huffduff: Stealing pruned dnns from sparse accelerators,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Huffduff: Stealing pruned dnns from sparse accelerators,

Reference 96

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.586349Z digest=sha256:19083afc96649162cb6bda3e297441771584e29432f8f0137f2bf9cf06935ca6

Observation 3978d5cf-f87e-45a7-a3c4-6528d4d6e55c · outbound

This paper cites Sparsity turns adver- sarial: Energy and latency attacks on deep neural networks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Sparsity turns adver- sarial: Energy and latency attacks on deep neural networks,

Reference 97

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.600677Z digest=sha256:d74e0014ae0a8a90b2ee2d93753e1b80f7eab31c0560fc83acadcfe9b7775bba

Observation c244e5e0-6157-400c-83e3-fbfdb18d94d2 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond the Bridge: Contention-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks on Multi-GPU Interconnect.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Beyond the Bridge: Contention-Based Covert and Side Channel Attacks on Multi-GPU Interconnect

Reference 98

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.617488Z digest=sha256:58fd73aaa2cc95b8bf17e0567d62f8e7ec0316b8c9ba1fd5264651641bb8c9de

Observation 0a97080f-1d13-4473-96a5-7a6d4b080585 · outbound

This paper cites Invisible probe: Timing attacks with pcie congestion side-channel,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Invisible probe: Timing attacks with pcie congestion side-channel,

Reference 99

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.630679Z digest=sha256:36cdc3873fda82d8fb7cd1a9998108e8b2a98b477dee1c3ad3f2ee2e92ea32d8

Observation 9f0f7c9c-80b9-4384-90c8-fbd16c6373b0 · outbound

This paper cites Stealing Neural Networks via Timing Side Channels.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Stealing Neural Networks via Timing Side Channels

Reference 100

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.647912Z digest=sha256:4e95d2f280993a885c970244c6e9421423feb1bd1585b207e9fb1d0130886d53

Observation 1e6eccc7-381f-4f0d-b662-98717b445e92 · outbound

This paper cites Layer sequence extraction of optimized dnns using side-channel information leaks,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Layer sequence extraction of optimized dnns using side-channel information leaks,

Reference 101

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.658083Z digest=sha256:4caedcb824de967efd439d57e49fe8a97c0a61f9c966fe5371d368581a89e5b9

Observation 970cae3d-372a-4c83-933b-495f7cf64523 · outbound

This paper cites Practical attacks on deep neural networks by memory trojaning,.

SoK: A Systems Perspective on Compound AI Threats and Countermeasures Practical attacks on deep neural networks by memory trojaning,

Reference 102

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-12T16:26:48.676389Z digest=sha256:ea19210b9f3cbf48af2df53741ce1a8a7ecbfce2718dce1e9e2891d8ac54db83

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.