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Beyond Imitation: Leveraging Fine-grained Quality Signals for Alignment

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arxiv 2311.04072 v2 pith:ETK6TCQP submitted 2023-11-07 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords alignmentapproachfine-grainedlearningqualitysignalsapproacheseffectiveness
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Alignment with human preference is a desired property of large language models (LLMs). Currently, the main alignment approach is based on reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Despite the effectiveness of RLHF, it is intricate to implement and train, thus recent studies explore how to develop alternative alignment approaches based on supervised fine-tuning (SFT). A major limitation of SFT is that it essentially does imitation learning, which cannot fully understand what are the expected behaviors. To address this issue, we propose an improved alignment approach named FIGA. Different from prior methods, we incorporate fine-grained (i.e., token or phrase level) quality signals that are derived by contrasting good and bad responses. Our approach has made two major contributions. Firstly, we curate a refined alignment dataset that pairs initial responses and the corresponding revised ones. Secondly, we devise a new loss function can leverage fine-grained quality signals to instruct the learning of LLMs for alignment. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approaches by comparing a number of competitive baselines.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Bradley-Terry and Multi-Objective Reward Modeling Are Complementary

    cs.LG 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Jointly training a Bradley-Terry preference head and a multi-attribute regression head on a shared embedding improves reward-model robustness to reward hacking and boosts multi-objective scoring performance.

  2. T-REG: Preference Optimization with Token-Level Reward Regularization

    cs.CL 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    T-REG adds contrastive-prompt self-generated token-level rewards as a weighted regularizer to DPO and SimPO, improving Alpaca Eval 2 length-controlled win rate by up to 3.8% and Arena-Hard win rate by up to 4.4% over ...

  3. Critical Tokens Matter: Token-Level Contrastive Estimation Enhances LLM's Reasoning Capability

    cs.CL 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A contrastive token-scoring method identifies 'critical tokens' in incorrect reasoning traces and penalizes them in DPO, yielding small but consistent accuracy gains on math benchmarks.

  4. Learning Explainable Dense Reward Shapes via Bayesian Optimization

    cs.LG 2025-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Reward shaping based on SHAP/LIME token attributions, with weights optimized by Bayesian optimization, improves RLHF training speed and downstream win rates while preserving the optimal policy.

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