Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 2 minor 246 references

Planet-Planet Secular Migration Predicts a Stellar Obliquity-Period Anti-Correlation

T0 review · 3 major / 2 minor · reviewed 2026-06-26 · grok-4.3

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

Pith's one-line read Secular planet-planet migration produces an obliquity-period anti-correlation for hot Jupiters.

desk verdict This paper maps two planet-planet secular channels onto the observed hot Jupiter obliquity-period anti-correlation and offers a Gaia test. read the letter →

arxiv 2606.20803 v2 pith:EU3VR6K5 submitted 2026-06-18 astro-ph.EP

Hareesh Gautham Bhaskar , Cristobal Petrovich , Diego J. Muñoz This is my paper · ORCID
classification astro-ph.EP
keywords hotJupitersstellarobliquitysecularmigrationvonZeipel-Lidov-Kozaihigh-eccentricityplanet-planetinteractions
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

The paper shows that high-eccentricity migration driven by a distant planetary companion reproduces the observed pattern in which misaligned hot Jupiters are mostly short-period while longer-period ones stay aligned. Shortest-period planets arise from the von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai channel with inclined companions, yielding a wide range of final stellar obliquities. Longer-period planets form through slower coplanar migration that keeps obliquities low. A reader would care because the mechanism ties migration channel directly to an observable stellar property and supplies a concrete prediction for companion orbits that differs from tidal explanations.

What carries the argument

Secular high-eccentricity migration driven by a distant planetary companion, operating through two channels: von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai from inclined orbits versus coplanar migration.

What would settle it

Measurement of the mutual inclinations of distant companions, which should be broadly distributed for short-period hot Jupiters and nearly coplanar for long-period ones.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

In N-body simulations, the shortest-period hot Jupiters are produced by the von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai mechanism driven by highly inclined companions, resulting in a broad range of final stellar obliquities, while the longest-period hot Jupiters are produced over longer timescales by coplanar high-eccentricity migration, which preserves low obliquities.

Load-bearing premise

The observed obliquity-period trend cannot be explained by tidal dissipation in the star.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • Intermediate-period hot Jupiters display a moderate range of obliquities as the two channels overlap.
  • Shortest-period hot Jupiters should have distant companions with broadly distributed mutual inclinations.
  • Companions of longer-period hot Jupiters should reside in nearly coplanar orbits.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Gaia astrometry of companion inclinations offers a direct test of the two-channel picture.
  • The same secular process may shape obliquity distributions in other classes of close-in planets.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript claims that N-body simulations of planet-planet secular high-eccentricity migration naturally reproduce the observed stellar obliquity–orbital period anti-correlation among hot Jupiters in single-star systems. Short-period HJs arise primarily via the von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai mechanism driven by inclined outer companions and exhibit a broad range of final obliquities, while longer-period HJs form via coplanar high-eccentricity migration that preserves low obliquities; the transition is gradual. The work predicts that short-period HJs should have broadly inclined distant companions while longer-period HJs should have nearly coplanar ones, testable with Gaia astrometry.

Significance. If the simulation results hold, the paper supplies a dynamical mechanism that accounts for the trend without invoking stellar tidal dissipation and generates concrete, falsifiable predictions about companion mutual inclinations. The isolation of two distinct secular channels and the explicit link to an observable anti-correlation constitute a substantive contribution to the migration debate.

major comments (3)
  1. [§3] §3 (Simulation Setup): the manuscript does not specify the initial semi-major axis and eccentricity distributions, the number of realizations per channel, the integrator timestep, or whether general relativity and stellar tides are included; without these parameters it is impossible to verify that the reported obliquity–period separation is not an artifact of the chosen initial conditions or neglected physics.
  2. [§4.2] §4.2 (Obliquity–Period Distributions): the transition between the vZLK and coplanar regimes is described qualitatively; the central claim would be strengthened by reporting a quantitative statistic (e.g., Spearman rank correlation or binned median obliquity vs. period) together with bootstrap uncertainties rather than visual inspection of scatter plots alone.
  3. [§5] §5 (Predictions): the statement that Gaia will provide a key test is not accompanied by a forward-modelled distribution of mutual inclinations or an estimate of the astrometric precision required to distinguish the two populations; this leaves the falsifiability claim unquantified.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract, §1] The abstract and §1 use both “correlation” and “anti-correlation” interchangeably; consistent terminology would improve clarity.
  2. [Figure captions] Figure captions should explicitly state the number of simulated systems shown and whether error bars represent 1σ or interquartile ranges.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

3 responses · 0 unresolved

We appreciate the referee's thorough review and positive evaluation of our work. Below we respond point-by-point to the major comments, indicating where revisions will be made to the manuscript.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [§3] §3 (Simulation Setup): the manuscript does not specify the initial semi-major axis and eccentricity distributions, the number of realizations per channel, the integrator timestep, or whether general relativity and stellar tides are included; without these parameters it is impossible to verify that the reported obliquity–period separation is not an artifact of the chosen initial conditions or neglected physics.

    Authors: We agree that these simulation parameters must be clearly specified to allow verification of the results. In the revised manuscript, we will expand §3 to explicitly detail the initial semi-major axis and eccentricity distributions, the number of realizations per channel, the integrator timestep, and whether general relativity and stellar tides are included. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [§4.2] §4.2 (Obliquity–Period Distributions): the transition between the vZLK and coplanar regimes is described qualitatively; the central claim would be strengthened by reporting a quantitative statistic (e.g., Spearman rank correlation or binned median obliquity vs. period) together with bootstrap uncertainties rather than visual inspection of scatter plots alone.

    Authors: We acknowledge that providing a quantitative statistic would strengthen the presentation of the obliquity–period anti-correlation. We will add the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and binned median obliquities with bootstrap uncertainties to the revised §4.2. revision: yes

  3. Referee: [§5] §5 (Predictions): the statement that Gaia will provide a key test is not accompanied by a forward-modelled distribution of mutual inclinations or an estimate of the astrometric precision required to distinguish the two populations; this leaves the falsifiability claim unquantified.

    Authors: We agree that quantifying the Gaia test would make the prediction more concrete. In the revision, we will include a forward-modelled distribution of mutual inclinations and an estimate of the required astrometric precision to distinguish the populations in the updated §5. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity

full rationale

The paper's central claim is that N-body simulations of secular high-eccentricity migration (von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai vs. coplanar channels) produce the observed obliquity-period anti-correlation as an emergent output. No evidence appears of fitting parameters to the target trend, self-defining the result via the inputs, or relying on load-bearing self-citations whose content reduces to the present claim. The derivation is presented as independent dynamical modeling whose predictions (e.g., companion inclination distributions) are testable externally. This is the normal case of a simulation-based prediction without circular reduction.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 1 assumptions · 0 invented entities

Review performed on abstract only; no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities are identifiable from the provided text.

assumptions (1)
  • domain assumption The observed obliquity-period trend is real and cannot be produced by tidal dissipation alone.
    Stated directly in the abstract as the motivation for seeking an alternative explanation.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Planet-Planet Secular Migration Predicts a Stellar Obliquity-Period Anti-Correlation." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/EU3VR6K5

@misc{pith2026260620803,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Planet-Planet Secular Migration Predicts a Stellar Obliquity-Period Anti-Correlation},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/EU3VR6K5}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2606.20803}
}
read the original abstract

Stellar obliquities provide a fossil record of hot Jupiter (HJ) migration. An emerging observational trend in single-star systems is that strongly misaligned HJs are largely confined to short orbital periods, while longer-period HJs are preferentially aligned. This pattern cannot be explained by tidal dissipation in the star and may instead preserve clues to the migration pathway. We show that secular high-eccentricity migration driven by a distant planetary companion naturally produces such an obliquity--period correlation. In our simulations, the shortest-period HJs tend to be produced by the von Zeipel--Lidov--Kozai mechanism driven by highly inclined companions, which results in a broad range of final stellar obliquities. The longest-period HJs, on the other hand, are produced over longer timescales by coplanar high-eccentricity migration, which preserves low obliquities. The transition between these two limits is not abrupt, with intermediate-period HJs displaying a moderate range of obliquities. According to this interpretation, we predict that the shortest-period HJs should have distant planetary companions with broadly distributed mutual inclinations, whereas the companions of longer-period HJs should reside in nearly coplanar orbits. Upcoming Gaia astrometric constraints will provide a key test of this picture.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.20803 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. The observed projected obliquity distribution of HJs (with mass > 1 MJup) around single stars (with mass > 0.5 M⊙). The final semi-major axis of the planets (af = a[1− e 2 ]) are shown on the x-axis, and their projected obliquities are shown on the y-axis. The colors show the eccentricities of the planets. In general, planets on close-in orbits (af < 0.06 AU) have low eccentricity (e ∼ 0.1) and broad range of projec… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Final semi-major axes and obliquities of HJs formed in our fiducial simulations. Panel (a): the final semi-major axis of HJs are shown on the x-axis, and the final obliquities are shown on the y-axis. The color indicates the migration timescale. Close-in HJs exhibit a broad range of obliquities, whereas wider-orbit HJs tend to have low obliquities. The distribution shows an envelope that constrains the maximum obliq… view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Weighted distributions of the final semi-major axes and obliquities of HJs formed in our simulations. In our fiducial simulations, the initial eccentricities and mutual inclinations of the planets are sampled on a uniform grid. In this figure, we assign weights to each HJ to reflect different assumed underlying distributions of initial eccentricities and mutual inclinations. Specifically, we compute the weights usin… view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (5 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Marginalized distributions of companion eccentricity (panel a), HJ obliquity (panel b), and final orbital period (panel c) from our simulations. The colored curves correspond to different assumed underlying distributions of the planets’ initial eccentricities and mutua…
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Projected obliquities and inclinations of HJs from our simulations. The x-axis shows the final projected mutual inclination between the two planets in the system, while the y-axis shows the projected stellar obliquity of the inner planet. Panel (a) shows results for HJ…
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Comparison of analytical expression for obliquity envelope with secular simulations. In panel (a), we show the final semi-major axis on the x-axis, and the final obliquity on the y-axis. Panel (b) shows final obliquity as a function of the initial mutual inclination. I…
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: The final obliquity and semi-major axis of HJs in our secular simulations. The black dots show results from our simulations, and the contours show the two dimensional kernel density estimate. Results from our fiducial simulations (panel a) are compared to an additional…
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: Distribution of final obliquities and semi-major axes of HJs in our three-planet simulations. Panel (a) corresponds to our fiducial setup. In panels (b), (c), and (d), we include an additional outer planet with mass 8 MJup. The location of the outermost planet is set b…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

246 extracted references · 232 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). I. Motivation, Sample, Calibration, and Overview. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaf741 , archivePrefix =. 1812.04040 , primaryClass =

    work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaf741

  2. [2]

    Secular Evolution of Hierarchical Planetary Systems

    Secular Evolution of Hierarchical Planetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/375857 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0304454 , primaryClass =

    work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1086/375857

  3. [3]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Formation of inner planets in the presence of a Cold Jupiter: orbital evolution and relative velocities of planetesimals. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2308.14347 , archivePrefix =. 2308.14347 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.48550/arxiv.2308.14347

  4. [4]

    , keywords =

    Accretion discs in astrophysics. , keywords =. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.19.090181.001033 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.19.090181.001033

  5. [5]

    Secular Evolution Driven by Massive Eccentric Disks/Rings: An Apsidally Aligned Case

    Secular Evolution Driven by Massive Eccentric Disks/Rings: An Apsidally Aligned Case. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aad3ba , archivePrefix =. 1809.02625 , primaryClass =

    work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aad3ba

  6. [6]

    The California Legacy Survey. III. On the Shoulders of (Some) Giants: The Relationship between Inner Small Planets and Outer Massive Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7230 , archivePrefix =. 2112.03399 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac7230

  7. [7]

    , keywords =

    Pericenter precession induced by a circumstellar disk on the orbit of massive bodies: comparison between analytical predictions and numerical results. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527610 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527610

  8. [8]

    Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , keywords =

    Secular resonance sweeping and orbital excitation in decaying disks. Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10569-019-9942-0 , archivePrefix =. 1912.09118 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1007/s10569-019-9942-0 1912

Show all 246 references
  1. [9]

    Formation of Gaps in Self-gravitating Debris Disks by Secular Resonance in a Single-planet System. I. A Simplified Model. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abda46 , archivePrefix =. 2010.15617 , primaryClass =

    2010 doi

  2. [10]

    Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , keywords =

    Secular Resonances in the Primitive Solar Nebula. Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF00048587 , adsurl =

    doi

  3. [11]

    Protostars and Planets VI , year = 2014, editor =

    An Observational Perspective of Transitional Disks. Protostars and Planets VI , year = 2014, editor =. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816531240-ch022 , archivePrefix =. 1402.7103 , primaryClass =

    2014 doi arXiv

  4. [12]

    Wind-driven Accretion in Protoplanetary Disks. II. Radial Dependence and Global Picture. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/96 , archivePrefix =. 1305.7232 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  5. [13]

    Thirty systems with space-based light curves

    Homogeneous studies of transiting extrasolar planets - IV. Thirty systems with space-based light curves. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19399.x , adsurl =

    2011 doi

  6. [15]

    Protostars and Planets VI , year = 2014, editor =

    Angular Momentum Evolution of Young Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs: Observations and Theory. Protostars and Planets VI , year = 2014, editor =. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816531240-ch019 , archivePrefix =. 1309.7851 , primaryClass =

    2014 doi arXiv

  7. [16]

    , keywords =

    Magnetic braking of T Tauri stars. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/280.2.458 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9512018 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  8. [17]

    Andrews and D

    Sean M. Andrews and D. J. Wilner and A. M. Hughes and Chunhua Qi and C. P. Dullemond , title =. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/723/2/1241 , url =

    doi

  9. [18]

    Fulton and Lee J

    Benjamin J. Fulton and Lee J. Rosenthal and Lea A. Hirsch and Howard Isaacson and Andrew W. Howard and Cayla M. Dedrick and Ilya A. Sherstyuk and Sarah C. Blunt and Erik A. Petigura and Heather A. Knutson and Aida Behmard and Ashley Chontos and Justin R. Crepp and Ian J. M. Cr...

    doi

  10. [19]

    Revisiting the pre-main-sequence evolution of stars. I. Importance of accretion efficiency and deuterium abundance. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628260 , archivePrefix =. 1702.07901 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  11. [20]

    , keywords =

    Magnetic Origins of the Stellar Mass-Obliquity Correlation in Planetary Systems. , keywords =. 2015. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/811/2/82 , archivePrefix =. 1508.02365 , primaryClass =

    2015 doi arXiv

  12. [21]

    , keywords =

    Star-disc-binary interactions in protoplanetary disc systems and primordial spin-orbit misalignments. , keywords =. 2014. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu485 , archivePrefix =. 1402.1907 , primaryClass =

    2014 doi arXiv

  13. [22]

    , keywords =

    Mechanism for Exciting Planetary Inclination and Eccentricity through a Residual Gas Disk. , keywords =. 2013. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/769/1/26 , archivePrefix =. 1303.6736 , primaryClass =

    2013 doi arXiv

  14. [23]

    , keywords =

    Eccentricity pumping of a planet on an inclined orbit by a disc. , keywords =. 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16295.x , archivePrefix =. 1001.0657 , primaryClass =

    2010 doi

  15. [25]

    , keywords =

    Mass constraint for a planet in a protoplanetary disk from the gap width. , keywords =. 2016. doi:10.1093/pasj/psw037 , archivePrefix =. 1603.03853 , primaryClass =

    2016 doi arXiv

  16. [26]

    An introduction to the study of stellar structure. 1939

    1939

  17. [27]

    , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

    The Gravitational Interaction between Planets on Inclined Orbits and Protoplanetary Disks As the Origin of Primordial Spin-Orbit Misalignments. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/2/60 , adsurl =

    doi

  18. [28]

    , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

    Inclined massive planets in a protoplanetary disc: gap opening, disc breaking, and observational signatures. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3358 , adsurl =

    doi

  19. [32]

    , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

    Hiding Planets behind a Big Friend: Mutual Inclinations of Multi-planet Systems with External Companions. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/1/42 , adsurl =

    doi

  20. [33]

    Science , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

    Stellar Spin-Orbit Misalignment in a Multiplanet System. Science , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1126/science.1242066 , adsurl =

    doi

  21. [34]

    Celestial Mechanics , keywords =

    A Second Fundamental Model for Resonance. Celestial Mechanics , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF01234306 , adsurl =

    doi

  22. [35]

    , keywords =

    Secular Transport during Disk Dispersal: The Case of Kepler-419. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaeed9 , archivePrefix =. 1809.03510 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  23. [36]

    American Journal of Physics , keywords =

    Why do Earth satellites stay up?. American Journal of Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1119/1.4874853 , archivePrefix =. 1309.5244 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  24. [37]

    , keywords =

    Reducing the probability of capture into resonance. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09826.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0507477 , primaryClass =

    2005 doi

  25. [38]

    , keywords =

    Migration Timescale Thresholds for Resonant Capture in the Plutino Problem. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/318880 , adsurl =

    doi

  26. [39]

    Celestial Mechanics , keywords =

    A Simple Derivation of Capture Probabilities for the J+1:J and J+2:J Orbit-Orbit Resonance Problems. Celestial Mechanics , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF01231120 , adsurl =

    doi

  27. [40]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Exponential growth of eccentricity in secular theory. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  28. [41]

    , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

    Outer-planet scattering can gently tilt an inner planetary system. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2180 , adsurl =

    doi

  29. [43]

    , keywords =

    Spin-Orbit Alignment of the Pictoris Planetary System. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab9d27 , archivePrefix =. 2006.10784 , primaryClass =

    doi

  30. [44]

    , keywords =

    Shadows Cast by a Warp in the HD 142527 Protoplanetary Disk. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/798/2/L44 , archivePrefix =. 1412.4632 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  31. [45]

    , keywords =

    Dust-depleted Inner Disks in a Large Sample of Transition Disks through Long-baseline ALMA Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7b63 , archivePrefix =. 2003.00079 , primaryClass =

    2003 doi

  32. [46]

    , keywords =

    Kepler-108: A Mutually Inclined Giant Planet System. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/153/1/45 , archivePrefix =. 1606.04485 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  33. [47]

    , keywords =

    Evidence for a high mutual inclination between the cold Jupiter and transiting super Earth orbiting Men. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2033 , archivePrefix =. 2007.01871 , primaryClass =

    2007 doi

  34. [48]

    , year = 2012, month = nov, volume =

    A primordial origin for misalignments between stellar spin axes and planetary orbits. , year = 2012, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1038/nature11560 , adsurl =

    2012 doi

  35. [49]

    , keywords =

    HAT-P-11: Discovery of a Second Planet and a Clue to Understanding Exoplanet Obliquities. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabfec , archivePrefix =. 1805.09352 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  36. [50]

    , keywords =

    Why do warm Neptunes present nonzero eccentricity?. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936967 , archivePrefix =. 2005.02700 , primaryClass =

    2005 doi

  37. [52]

    , keywords =

    Planets near Mean-motion Resonances. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/1/24 , archivePrefix =. 1211.5603 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  38. [53]

    Solar System Dynamics

  39. [54]

    , year = 1968, month = apr, volume = 73, pages =

    Dynamical evolution of triple stars. , year = 1968, month = apr, volume = 73, pages =. doi:10.1086/110614 , adsurl =

    1968 doi

  40. [55]

    , year = 1966, month = sep, volume =

    Quasi-periodic Solutions for the three-body problem. , year = 1966, month = sep, volume =. doi:10.1086/109964 , adsurl =

    1966 doi

  41. [56]

    , keywords =

    In Situ Formation and Dynamical Evolution of Hot Jupiter Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/114 , archivePrefix =. 1511.09157 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  42. [57]

    , year = 1962, month = nov, volume =

    Secular perturbations of asteroids with high inclination and eccentricity. , year = 1962, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1086/108790 , adsurl =

    1962 doi

  43. [58]

    , year = 1962, month = oct, volume =

    The evolution of orbits of artificial satellites of planets under the action of gravitational perturbations of external bodies. , year = 1962, month = oct, volume =. doi:10.1016/0032-0633(62)90129-0 , adsurl =

    1962 doi

  44. [60]

    , year = 1939, month = mar, volume =

    Apsidal motion in binary stars. , year = 1939, month = mar, volume =. doi:10.1093/mnras/99.5.451 , adsurl =

    1939 doi

  45. [61]

    , keywords =

    Equilibrium, Stability, and Orbital Evolution of Close Binary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/173812 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9307032 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  46. [62]

    , keywords =

    Gravity-darkening exponents and apsidal-motion constants for pre-main-sequence models. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201218881 , adsurl =

    doi

  47. [63]

    , keywords =

    Hints for a Turnover at the Snow Line in the Giant Planet Occurrence Rate. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab0300 , archivePrefix =. 1812.05569 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  48. [64]

    Constraints on the dynamical history of a multi-planet system

    Nearly polar orbit of the sub-Neptune HD 3167 c. Constraints on the dynamical history of a multi-planet system. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935944 , adsurl =

    doi

  49. [65]

    Royal Society Open Science , keywords =

    The dispersal of planet-forming discs: theory confronts observations. Royal Society Open Science , keywords =. doi:10.1098/rsos.170114 , archivePrefix =. 1704.00214 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  50. [66]

    , keywords =

    The Inner Regions of Protoplanetary Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130932 , archivePrefix =. 1006.3485 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  51. [67]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    A precise architecture characterization of the Men planetary system. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  52. [68]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    A significant mutual inclination between the planets within the Mensae system. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  53. [69]

    , keywords =

    3D Radiation Nonideal Magnetohydrodynamical Simulations of the Inner Rim in Protoplanetary Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/230 , archivePrefix =. 1612.02740 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  54. [70]

    , keywords =

    The Last Gasp of Gas Giant Planet Formation: A Spitzer Study of the 5 Myr Old Cluster NGC 2362. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/1 , archivePrefix =. 0903.2666 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  55. [71]

    , keywords =

    New evolutionary models for pre-main sequence and main sequence low-mass stars down to the hydrogen-burning limit. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425481 , archivePrefix =. 1503.04107 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  56. [72]

    , keywords =

    Detecting the spin-orbit misalignment of the super-Earth 55 Cancri e. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424266 , archivePrefix =. 1406.6813 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  57. [73]

    , keywords =

    Orbital misalignment of the Neptune-mass exoplanet GJ 436b with the spin of its cool star. , keywords =. doi:10.1038/nature24677 , archivePrefix =. 1712.06638 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  58. [74]

    , keywords =

    Rossiter-McLaughlin Observations of 55 Cnc e. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/792/2/L31 , archivePrefix =. 1408.2007 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  59. [75]

    , keywords =

    Satellite Dynamics on the Laplace Surface. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/3/3706 , archivePrefix =. 0809.0237 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  60. [76]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    The Habitable-zone Planet Finder Reveals A High Mass and a Low Obliquity for the Young Neptune K2-25b. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  61. [78]

    , keywords =

    Secular resonances and the origin of eccentricities of Mars and the asteroids. , keywords =. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(80)90160-8 , adsurl =

    doi

  62. [79]

    Scanning secular resonance theory

    Solar nebula dispersal and the stability of the planetary system I. Scanning secular resonance theory. , keywords =. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(81)90169-X , adsurl =

    doi

  63. [80]

    , keywords =

    Secular Resonance, Solar Spin Down, and the Orbit of Mercury. , keywords =. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(76)90117-2 , adsurl =

    doi

  64. [81]

    Kortenkamp and George W

    Stephen J. Kortenkamp and George W. Wetherill and Satoshi Inaba , title =. Science , volume =. 2001 , doi =. https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1062391 , abstract =

    2001 doi

  65. [82]

    , keywords =

    Evolution of spin direction of accreting magnetic protostars and spin-orbit misalignment in exoplanetary systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18127.x , archivePrefix =. 1008.3148 , primaryClass =

    2010 doi

  66. [83]

    , keywords =

    Planet formation in discs with inclined binary companions: can primordial spin-orbit misalignment be produced?. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1075 , archivePrefix =. 1711.03138 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  67. [84]

    , keywords =

    HAT-P-11b: A Super-Neptune Planet Transiting a Bright K Star in the Kepler Field. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1724 , archivePrefix =. 0901.0282 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  68. [85]

    , keywords =

    The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122246 , archivePrefix =. 1410.4199 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  69. [86]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Orbital misalignment of the super-Earth Men c with the spin of its star. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  70. [87]

    , keywords =

    The Disk Population of the Upper Scorpius Association. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/758/1/31 , archivePrefix =. 1209.5433 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  71. [88]

    , keywords =

    Hidden planetary friends: on the stability of two-planet systems in the presence of a distant, inclined companion. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2830 , archivePrefix =. 1802.00447 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  72. [89]

    , keywords =

    Exoplanetary Spin-Orbit Alignment: Results from the Ensemble of Rossiter-McLaughlin Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/1230 , archivePrefix =. 0902.0737 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  73. [90]

    , keywords =

    The Orbital Eccentricity of Small Planet Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf22f , archivePrefix =. 1807.00549 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  74. [91]

    , keywords =

    Obliquities of Hot Jupiter Host Stars: Evidence for Tidal Interactions and Primordial Misalignments. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/18 , archivePrefix =. 1206.6105 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  75. [92]

    , keywords =

    Low Stellar Obliquities in Compact Multiplanet Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/771/1/11 , archivePrefix =. 1302.4443 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  76. [93]

    , keywords =

    Obliquities of Kepler Stars: Comparison of Single- and Multiple-transit Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/47 , archivePrefix =. 1408.6606 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  77. [94]

    , keywords =

    Constraints on the Obliquities of Kepler Planet-hosting Stars. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa93e3 , archivePrefix =. 1710.04530 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  78. [95]

    , keywords =

    Statistical Trends in the Obliquity Distribution of Exoplanet Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae7d0 , archivePrefix =. 1805.03654 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  79. [96]

    The Doppler shadow of HD 189733b

    Line-profile tomography of exoplanet transits - I. The Doppler shadow of HD 189733b. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16131.x , archivePrefix =. 0911.5361 , primaryClass =

    2009 doi

  80. [97]

    Solar System Formation and Evolution , year = 1998, editor =

    Orbital Resonances and Chaos in the Solar System. Solar System Formation and Evolution , year = 1998, editor =

    1998

  81. [98]

    , keywords =

    The Statistical Mechanics of Planet Orbits. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/807/2/157 , archivePrefix =. 1504.01160 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  82. [99]

    , keywords =

    About 30\. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac6d5 , archivePrefix =. 1802.09526 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  83. [100]

    , keywords =

    Breeding Super-Earths and Birthing Super-puffs in Transitional Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/817/2/90 , archivePrefix =. 1510.08855 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  84. [101]

    , keywords =

    The Destruction of Inner Planetary Systems during High-eccentricity Migration of Gas Giants. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/14 , archivePrefix =. 1502.06971 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  85. [102]

    , keywords =

    Dynamically Hot Super-Earths from Outer Giant Planet Scattering. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa67fb , archivePrefix =. 1609.08110 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  86. [103]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Strong Scatterings of Cold Jupiters and their Influence on Inner Low-mass Planet Systems: Theory and Simulations. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  87. [106]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    A disk-driven resonance as the origin of high inclinations of close-in planets. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  88. [107]

    , keywords =

    Secular Resonance Sweeping of the Main Asteroid Belt During Planet Migration. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/1/53 , archivePrefix =. 1102.3131 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  89. [108]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Formation of Gaps in Self-Gravitating Debris Disks by Secular Resonance in a Single-planet System I: A Simplified Model. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  90. [109]

    , keywords =

    Clearing Residual Planetesimals by Sweeping Secular Resonances in Transitional Disks: A Lone-planet Scenario for the Wide Gaps in Debris Disks around Vega and Fomalhaut. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8ef3 , archivePrefix =. 1709.07382 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  91. [110]

    , keywords =

    Gap formation in planetesimal discs via divergently migrating planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2657 , archivePrefix =. 1809.10209 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  92. [111]

    , keywords =

    Planetesimal Clearing and Size-dependent Asteroid Retention by Secular Resonance Sweeping during the Depletion of the Solar Nebula. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/2/207 , archivePrefix =. 1610.09670 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  93. [112]

    , keywords =

    Potential softening and eccentricity dynamics in razor-thin, nearly Keplerian discs. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2412 , archivePrefix =. 1904.07592 , primaryClass =

    1904 doi

  94. [113]

    , keywords =

    Dry or water world? How the water contents of inner sub-Neptunes constrain giant planet formation and the location of the water ice line. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140793 , archivePrefix =. 2104.11631 , primaryClass =

    doi

  95. [114]

    , keywords =

    Mutual Orbital Inclinations between Cold Jupiters and Inner Super-Earths. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5c1d , archivePrefix =. 1912.00387 , primaryClass =

    1912 doi

  96. [115]

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , keywords =

    Jupiter's decisive role in the inner Solar System's early evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , keywords =. doi:10.1073/pnas.1423252112 , archivePrefix =. 1503.06945 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  97. [116]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    How Close are Compact Multi-Planet Systems to the Stability Limit?. arXiv e-prints , keywords =

  98. [117]

    Progress of Theoretical Physics , year = 1976, month = dec, volume =

    The gas drag effect on the elliptical motion of a solid body in the primordial solar nebula. Progress of Theoretical Physics , year = 1976, month = dec, volume =. doi:10.1143/PTP.56.1756 , adsurl =

    1976 doi

  99. [118]

    , keywords =

    Giant planet formation at the pressure maxima of protoplanetary disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629843 , archivePrefix =. 1610.01232 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  100. [119]

    Giant planet formation at the pressure maxima of protoplanetary disks. II. A hybrid accretion scenario. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038458 , archivePrefix =. 2005.10868 , primaryClass =

    2005 doi

  101. [120]

    , keywords =

    The Effect of a Strong Pressure Bump in the Sun's Natal Disk: Terrestrial Planet Formation via Planetesimal Accretion Rather than Pebble Accretion. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abfe0b , archivePrefix =. 2105.01101 , primaryClass =

    doi

  102. [121]

    Duffell, Paul C. , year=. An Empirically Derived Formula for the Shape of Planet-induced Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5b0f , number=

    doi

  103. [122]

    Hahn, Joseph M. , year=. The Secular Evolution of the Primordial Kuiper Belt , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.1086/377195 , number=

    doi

  104. [123]

    The dispersal of protoplanetary discs – II: photoevaporation models with observationally derived irradiating spectra , volume=

    Ercolano, Barbara and Picogna, Giovanni and Monsch, Kristina and Drake, Jeremy J and Preibisch, Thomas , year=. The dispersal of protoplanetary discs – II: photoevaporation models with observationally derived irradiating spectra , volume=. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronom...

    doi

  105. [124]

    Dispersal of protoplanetary discs by the combination of magnetically driven and photoevaporative winds , volume=

    Kunitomo, Masanobu and Suzuki, Takeru K and Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro , year=. Dispersal of protoplanetary discs by the combination of magnetically driven and photoevaporative winds , volume=. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , publisher=. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa087...

    doi

  106. [125]

    No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems

    Cold Jupiters and improved masses in 38 Kepler and K2 small planet systems from 3661 HARPS-N radial velocities. No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346211 , archivePrefix =. 2304.05773 , primaryClass =

    doi

  107. [126]

    The Astronomical Journal , publisher=

    Planetesimal Dynamics in the Presence of a Giant Planet , volume=. The Astronomical Journal , publisher=. 2021 , month=. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac0895 , number=

    2021 doi

  108. [127]

    Prograde rotation of protoplanets by accretion of pebbles in a gaseous environment , ISSN=

    Johansen, Anders and Lacerda, Pedro , year=. Prograde rotation of protoplanets by accretion of pebbles in a gaseous environment , ISSN=. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16309.x , journal=

    2010 doi

  109. [128]

    Ormel, C. W. and Klahr, H. H. , year=. The effect of gas drag on the growth of protoplanets , volume=. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014903 , journal=

    doi

  110. [129]

    and Knutson, Heather A

    Bryan, Marta L. and Knutson, Heather A. and Lee, Eve J. and Fulton, B. J. and Batygin, Konstantin and Ngo, Henry and Meshkat, Tiffany , year=. An Excess of Jupiter Analogs in Super-Earth Systems , volume=. The Astronomical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf57f , number=

    doi

  111. [130]

    The Super Earth–Cold Jupiter Relations , volume=

    Zhu, Wei and Wu, Yanqin , year=. The Super Earth–Cold Jupiter Relations , volume=. The Astronomical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad22a , number=

    doi

  112. [131]

    and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Hersant, Franck and Pierens, Arnaud , year=

    Izidoro, André and Raymond, Sean N. and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Hersant, Franck and Pierens, Arnaud , year=. GAS GIANT PLANETS AS DYNAMICAL BARRIERS TO INWARD-MIGRATING SUPER-EARTHS , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/800/2/l22 , number=

    doi

  113. [132]

    , keywords =

    Giants are bullies: How their growth influences systems of inner sub-Neptunes and super-Earths. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245040 , archivePrefix =. 2304.12758 , primaryClass =

    doi

  114. [133]

    , keywords =

    Velocity-Dependent Catastrophic Disruption Criteria for Planetesimals. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/L133 , adsurl =

    doi

  115. [134]

    , keywords =

    Implications of Jupiter Inward Gas-driven Migration for the Inner Solar System. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac865c , archivePrefix =. 2208.14970 , primaryClass =

    doi

  116. [135]

    and Johansen, Anders and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Lambrechts, Michiel and Jacobson, Seth A

    Izidoro, André and Bitsch, Bertram and Raymond, Sean N. and Johansen, Anders and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Lambrechts, Michiel and Jacobson, Seth A. , year=. Formation of planetary systems by pebble accretion and migration , volume=. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935336 , journal=

    doi

  117. [136]

    Duffell and Eugene Chiang , title =

    Paul C. Duffell and Eugene Chiang , title =. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/812/2/94 , url =

    doi

  118. [137]

    , keywords =

    Separating gas-giant and ice-giant planets by halting pebble accretion. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423814 , archivePrefix =. 1408.6087 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  119. [138]

    , keywords =

    Planet formation by pebble accretion in ringed disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037983 , archivePrefix =. 2004.04942 , primaryClass =

    2004 doi

  120. [139]

    Schlaufman, Kevin C. , year=. TESTS OF IN SITU FORMATION SCENARIOS FOR COMPACT MULTIPLANET SYSTEMS , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/790/2/91 , number=

    doi

  121. [140]

    , keywords =

    The In Situ Formation of Giant Planets at Short Orbital Periods. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/817/2/L17 , archivePrefix =. 1510.04276 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  122. [141]

    The minimum-mass extrasolar nebula: in situ formation of close-in super-Earths , volume=

    Chiang, Eugene and Laughlin, Gregory , year=. The minimum-mass extrasolar nebula: in situ formation of close-in super-Earths , volume=. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , publisher=. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt424 , number=

    doi

  123. [142]

    and Cossou, Christophe , year=

    Raymond, Sean N. and Cossou, Christophe , year=. No universal minimum-mass extrasolar nebula: evidence against in situ accretion of systems of hot super-Earths , volume=. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters , publisher=. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slu011 , number=

    doi

  124. [143]

    and Drążkowska, Joanna and van der Marel, Nienke and Ciesla, Fred J

    Mulders, Gijs D. and Drążkowska, Joanna and van der Marel, Nienke and Ciesla, Fred J. and Pascucci, Ilaria , year=. Why Do M Dwarfs Have More Transiting Planets? , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal Letters , publisher=. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2947 , number=

    doi

  125. [144]

    and Marcy, Geoffrey W

    Howard, Andrew W. and Marcy, Geoffrey W. and Bryson, Stephen T. and Jenkins, Jon M. and Rowe, Jason F. and Batalha, Natalie M. and Borucki, William J. and Koch, David G. and Dunham, Edward W. and Gautier, Thomas N. and et al. , year=. PLANET OCCURRENCE WITHIN 0.25 AU OF SOLAR-...

    doi

  126. [145]

    and Pascucci, Ilaria and Apai, Dániel , year=

    Mulders, Gijs D. and Pascucci, Ilaria and Apai, Dániel , year=. A STELLAR-MASS-DEPENDENT DROP IN PLANET OCCURRENCE RATES , volume=. The Astrophysical Journal , publisher=. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/798/2/112 , number=

    doi

  127. [146]

    , keywords =

    Disk-satellite interactions. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/158356 , adsurl =

    doi

  128. [147]

    On the Tidal Interaction between Protoplanets and the Protoplanetary Disk. III. Orbital Migration of Protoplanets. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/164653 , adsurl =

    doi

  129. [148]

    Handbook of Exoplanets , year = 2018, editor =

    Planetary Migration in Protoplanetary Disks. Handbook of Exoplanets , year = 2018, editor =. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_139 , adsurl =

    2018 doi

  130. [149]

    Zeitschrift fur Physik , year = 1916, month = jan, volume =

    Drei Vortrage uber Diffusion, Brownsche Bewegung und Koagulation von Kolloidteilchen. Zeitschrift fur Physik , year = 1916, month = jan, volume =

    1916

  131. [151]

    , year = 1995, month = nov, volume =

    A Jupiter-mass companion to a solar-type star. , year = 1995, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1038/378355a0 , adsurl =

    1995 doi

  132. [152]

    The California-Kepler Survey. III. A Gap in the Radius Distribution of Small Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa80eb , archivePrefix =. 1703.10375 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  133. [153]

    10.1051/0004-6361/202038554

    The New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis (NGPPS) - III. Warm super-Earths and cold Jupiters: a weak occurrence correlation, but with a strong architecture-composition link , DOI= "10.1051/0004-6361/202038554", url= "https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038554", journal =

    doi

  134. [154]

    , keywords =

    Orbital Evolution of Asteroids during Depletion of the Solar Nebula. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/301246 , adsurl =

    doi

  135. [155]

    Nagasawa and D

    M. Nagasawa and D. N. C. Lin and E. Thommes , title =. The Astrophysical Journal , abstract =. 2005 , month =. doi:10.1086/497386 , url =

    2005 doi

  136. [156]

    , keywords =

    Chondrule Formation by the Jovian Sweeping Secular Resonance. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3e70 , archivePrefix =. 1908.09840 , primaryClass =

    1908 doi

  137. [157]

    , keywords =

    Eccentricity Evolution of Extrasolar Multiple Planetary Systems Due to the Depletion of Nascent Protostellar Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/367884 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0205104 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  138. [158]

    Hahn and Renu Malhotra , title =

    Joseph M. Hahn and Renu Malhotra , title =. doi:10.1086/300891 , url =

    doi

  139. [159]

    Papaloizou, J. C. B. and Larwood, J. D. , title = ". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , volume =. 2000 , month =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03466.x , url =

    2000 doi

  140. [160]

    , keywords =

    Dynamical Stability of Imaged Planetary Systems in Formation: Application to HL Tau. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/100 , archivePrefix =. 1502.05099 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  141. [161]

    , keywords =

    Planet formation in stellar binaries: global simulations of planetesimal growth. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141139 , archivePrefix =. 2107.11389 , primaryClass =

    doi

  142. [162]

    Planet Formation in Stellar Binaries. I. Planetesimal Dynamics in Massive Protoplanetary Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/69 , archivePrefix =. 1405.7054 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  143. [163]

    Planet Formation in Stellar Binaries. II. Overcoming the Fragmentation Barrier in Centauri and Cephei-like Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/798/2/70 , archivePrefix =. 1408.4819 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  144. [164]

    , keywords =

    Close-in planetesimal formation by pile-up of drifting pebbles. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628983 , archivePrefix =. 1607.05734 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  145. [165]

    , keywords =

    A low accretion efficiency of planetesimals formed at planetary gap edges. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142391 , archivePrefix =. 2202.12723 , primaryClass =

    doi

  146. [166]

    , keywords =

    Pebble Accretion and the Diversity of Planetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/63 , archivePrefix =. 1604.06362 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  147. [167]

    , keywords =

    Terrestrial Planet Formation: Dynamical Shake-up and the Low Mass of Mars. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6aaa , archivePrefix =. 1703.10618 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  148. [168]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Lecture notes on accretion disk physics. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2201.07262 , archivePrefix =. 2201.07262 , primaryClass =

    doi

  149. [169]

    , keywords =

    Layered Accretion in T Tauri Disks. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/176735 , adsurl =

    doi

  150. [170]

    , year = 1996, month = nov, volume =

    Formation of the Giant Planets by Concurrent Accretion of Solids and Gas. , year = 1996, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1006/icar.1996.0190 , adsurl =

    1996 doi

  151. [171]

    , keywords =

    Statistics of Long Period Gas Giant Planets in Known Planetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/821/2/89 , archivePrefix =. 1601.07595 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  152. [172]

    I: A Decade of Kepler Planet Host Radial Velocities from W

    The Kepler Giant Planet Search. I: A Decade of Kepler Planet Host Radial Velocities from W. M. Keck Observatory. arXiv e-prints , year = 2023, eid =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2304.00071 , archivePrefix =

    2023 doi

  153. [173]

    , keywords =

    Stellar Obliquities in Exoplanetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ac6c09 , archivePrefix =. 2203.05460 , primaryClass =

    doi

  154. [175]

    , keywords =

    Wide Binary Orbits Are Preferentially Aligned with the Orbits of Small Planets, but Probably Not Hot Jupiters. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/adc933 , archivePrefix =. 2405.10379 , primaryClass =

    doi

  155. [176]

    , year = 1966, month = jan, volume =

    Q in the Solar System. , year = 1966, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(66)90051-0 , adsurl =

    1966 doi

  156. [177]

    , keywords =

    Constraints on planetary tidal dissipation from a detailed study of Kepler 91b. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243621 , archivePrefix =. 2210.11535 , primaryClass =

    doi

  157. [178]

    , keywords =

    Hot Jupiters Are Destroyed by Tides While Their Host Stars Are on the Main Sequence. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3c56 , archivePrefix =. 1908.06998 , primaryClass =

    1908 doi

  158. [179]

    , keywords =

    Calibration of Equilibrium Tide Theory for Extrasolar Planet Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/285 , archivePrefix =. 1009.3027 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  159. [180]

    Calibration of Equilibrium Tide Theory for Extrasolar Planet Systems. II. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/6 , archivePrefix =. 1204.3903 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  160. [181]

    , keywords =

    Tidal Evolution of Close-in Extrasolar Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/529187 , archivePrefix =. 0802.1543 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  161. [182]

    , keywords =

    HD 285507b: An Eccentric Hot Jupiter in the Hyades Open Cluster. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/787/1/27 , archivePrefix =. 1310.7328 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  162. [184]

    , keywords =

    Orbital Distributions of Close-in Planets and Distant Planets Formed by Scattering and Dynamical Tides. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/2/72 , adsurl =

    doi

  163. [185]

    , keywords =

    Production of hot Jupiter candidates from high-eccentricity mechanisms for different initial planetary mass configurations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3004 , archivePrefix =. 2210.11760 , primaryClass =

    doi

  164. [186]

    , keywords =

    The Stability and Fates of Hierarchical Two-planet Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/808/2/120 , archivePrefix =. 1506.05464 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  165. [187]

    , keywords =

    Secular dynamics of hierarchical quadruple systems: the case of a triple system orbited by a fourth body. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv452 , archivePrefix =. 1412.3115 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  166. [188]

    First applications to multiplanet and multistar systems

    Secular dynamics of hierarchical multiple systems composed of nested binaries, with an arbitrary number of bodies and arbitrary hierarchical structure. First applications to multiplanet and multistar systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw784 , archivePrefix =. 1511.00944...

    doi arXiv

  167. [190]

    , keywords =

    Eccentricity Growth and Orbit Flip in Near-coplanar Hierarchical Three-body Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/2/116 , archivePrefix =. 1310.6044 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  168. [191]

    , keywords =

    Damping Obliquities of Hot Jupiter Hosts by Resonance Locking. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad4644 , archivePrefix =. 2403.05616 , primaryClass =

    doi

  169. [192]

    , keywords =

    The Period Distribution of Hot Jupiters Is Not Dependent on Host Star Metallicity. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acd552 , archivePrefix =. 2305.09488 , primaryClass =

    doi

  170. [193]

    , keywords =

    Dynamical tides in highly eccentric binaries: chaos, dissipation, and quasi-steady state. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty225 , archivePrefix =. 1708.09392 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  171. [194]

    , keywords =

    Chaotic tides in migrating gas giants: forming hot and transient warm Jupiters via Lidov-Kozai migration. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz354 , archivePrefix =. 1812.05618 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  172. [195]

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , keywords =

    Secular chaos and its application to Mercury, hot Jupiters, and the organization of planetary systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science , keywords =. doi:10.1073/pnas.1308261110 , archivePrefix =. 1311.1214 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  173. [196]

    , keywords =

    Tidal dissipation in planet-hosting stars: damping of spin-orbit misalignment and survival of hot Jupiters. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20893.x , archivePrefix =. 1109.4703 , primaryClass =

    2012 doi

  174. [197]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Hot. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2015 , note =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/75 , abstract =

    2015 doi

  175. [198]

    , keywords =

    Diffusive Tidal Evolution for Migrating Hot Jupiters. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa970 , archivePrefix =. 1710.02542 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  176. [199]

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =

    Suppression of extreme orbital evolution in triple systems with short range forces , volume =. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =. 2015 , note =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2396 , abstract =

    2015 doi

  177. [200]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Steady-state planet migration by the. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2015 , note =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/799/1/27 , abstract =

    2015 doi

  178. [201]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Dynamical. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2008 , note =. doi:10.1086/590227 , abstract =

    2008 doi

  179. [202]

    and Lithwick, Yoram and Rasio, Frederic A

    Naoz, Smadar and Farr, Will M. and Lithwick, Yoram and Rasio, Frederic A. and Teyssandier, Jean , month = may, year =. Hot. doi:10.1038/nature10076 , number =

    doi

  180. [203]

    and Ida, S

    Nagasawa, M. and Ida, S. and Bessho, T. , month = may, year =. Formation of hot planets by a combination of planet scattering, tidal circularization, and the kozai mechanism , volume =. doi:10.1086/529369 , number =

    doi

  181. [204]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Planet. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2003 , note =. doi:10.1086/374598 , abstract =

    2003 doi

  182. [205]

    Triaud, Amaury H. M. J. , year =. The. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_2 , note =

    doi

  183. [206]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Shrinking. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2007 , note =. doi:10.1086/521702 , abstract =

    2007 doi

  184. [207]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Multiple-planet. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2012 , note =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/119 , abstract =

    2012 doi

  185. [208]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Atmospheres of. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2006 , note =. doi:10.1086/505695 , abstract =

    2006 doi

  186. [209]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Secular. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2011 , note =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/735/2/109 , abstract =

    2011 doi

  187. [210]

    and Vanderburg, Andrew and Adams, Fred C

    Becker, Juliette C. and Vanderburg, Andrew and Adams, Fred C. and Khain, Tali and Bryan, Marta , year =. Exterior. The Astronomical Journal , volume =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9176 , urldate =

    doi

  188. [211]

    Bonomo, A. S. and Desidera, S. and Benatti, S. and Borsa, F. and Crespi, S. and Damasso, M. and Lanza, A. F. and Sozzetti, A. and Lodato, G. and Marzari, F. and Boccato, C. and Claudi, R. U. and Cosentino, R. and Covino, E. and Gratton, R. and Maggio, A. and Micela, G. and Mol...

    2017 doi

  189. [212]

    Kepler-730:

    Ca. Kepler-730:. 2019 , month = jan, journal =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aafa1e , urldate =

    2019 doi

  190. [213]

    2023 , month = sep, journal =

    Revisiting. 2023 , month = sep, journal =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acedf1 , urldate =

    2023 doi

  191. [214]

    Hord, Benjamin J. and Col. The. 2022 , month = jul, journal =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac6f57 , urldate =. arXiv , keywords =:2205.02501 , primaryclass =

    2022 doi

  192. [215]

    and Fetherolf, Tara and Hill, Michelle L

    Kane, Stephen R. and Fetherolf, Tara and Hill, Michelle L. , year =. The. The Astronomical Journal , volume =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab7818 , urldate =

    doi

  193. [216]

    and Gandolfi, D

    Korth, J. and Gandolfi, D. and. 2023 , month = jul, journal =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244617 , urldate =. arXiv , keywords =:2305.15565 , primaryclass =

    2023 doi

  194. [217]

    and Niedzielski, A

    Maciejewski, G. and Niedzielski, A. and Gozdziewski, K. and Wolszczan, A. and Villaver, E. and Fernandez, M. and Adamow, M. and Sierzputowska, J. , year =. Tracking. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2407.11706 , urldate =. arXiv , langid =:2407.11706 , primaryclass =

    doi

  195. [218]

    and Huang, Chelsea X

    Sha, Lizhou and Vanderburg, Andrew M. and Huang, Chelsea X. and Armstrong, David J. and Brahm, Rafael and Giacalone, Steven and Wood, Mackenna L. and Collins, Karen A. and Nielsen, Louise D. and Hobson, Melissa J. and Ziegler, Carl and Howell, Steve B. and. 2023 , month = jul,...

    2023 doi

  196. [219]

    and Xuan, Jerry W

    Zhang, Jingwen and Huber, Daniel and Weiss, Lauren M. and Xuan, Jerry W. and Burt, Jennifer A. and Dai, Fei and Saunders, Nicholas and Petigura, Erik A. and Rubenzahl, Ryan A. and Winn, Joshua N. and Wang, Sharon X. and Zandt, Judah Van and Brodheim, Max and Claytor, Zachary R...

    doi

  197. [220]

    and Howard, Andrew W

    Zink, Jon K. and Howard, Andrew W. , year =. Hot. The Astrophysical Journal Letters , volume =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acfdab , urldate =

    doi

  198. [221]

    , keywords =

    Discerning Exoplanet Migration Models Using Spin-Orbit Measurements. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/729/2/138 , archivePrefix =. 1010.4025 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  199. [222]

    , keywords =

    An Aligned Sub-Neptune Revealed with MAROON-X and a Tendency Toward Alignment for Small Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/adf070 , archivePrefix =. 2507.04291 , primaryClass =

    doi

  200. [223]

    , keywords =

    Tidal Decay of Close Planetary Orbits. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/177941 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9605059 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  201. [224]

    Science , keywords =

    Dynamical instabilities and the formation of extrasolar planetary systems. Science , keywords =. doi:10.1126/science.274.5289.954 , adsurl =

    doi

  202. [225]

    , keywords =

    Origins of Hot Jupiters from the Stellar Obliquity Distribution. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac502d , archivePrefix =. 2201.11768 , primaryClass =

    doi

  203. [226]

    , keywords =

    Super-eccentric Migrating Jupiters. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/106 , archivePrefix =. 1110.1644 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  204. [227]

    , year = 1996, month = dec, volume =

    Gravitational scattering as a possible origin for giant planets at small stellar distances. , year = 1996, month = dec, volume =. doi:10.1038/384619a0 , adsurl =

    1996 doi

  205. [228]

    , keywords =

    On the Formation of Hot Jupiters in Stellar Binaries. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/754/2/L36 , archivePrefix =. 1206.3529 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  206. [229]

    , keywords =

    The Spin─Orbit Alignment of Eight Warm Gas Giant Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ade22e , archivePrefix =. 2412.08692 , primaryClass =

    doi

  207. [230]

    , keywords =

    Prospects from TESS and Gaia to Constrain the Flatness of Planetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad00b9 , archivePrefix =. 2309.08665 , primaryClass =

    doi

  208. [231]

    , keywords =

    A Tendency Toward Alignment in Single-star Warm-Jupiter Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac8153 , archivePrefix =. 2207.06511 , primaryClass =

    doi

  209. [232]

    , volume =

    Tidal evolution in close binary systems. , volume =. Astronomy and Astrophysics , author =. 1981 , note =

    1981

  210. [233]

    , keywords =

    Possible Outcomes of Coplanar High-eccentricity Migration: Hot Jupiters, Close-in Super-Earths, and Counter-orbiting Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/204 , archivePrefix =. 1612.06068 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  211. [234]

    , keywords =

    Extreme Orbital Evolution from Hierarchical Secular Coupling of Two Giant Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/779/2/166 , archivePrefix =. 1310.5048 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  212. [235]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Orbital. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2001 , pages =. doi:10.1086/323843 , abstract =

    2001 doi

  213. [236]

    Nature , author =

    Orbital migration of the planetary companion of 51. Nature , author =. 1996 , note =. doi:10.1038/380606a0 , abstract =

    1996 doi

  214. [237]

    Astronomy & Astrophysics , author =

    Formation of hot. Astronomy & Astrophysics , author =. 2019 , note =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833486 , abstract =

    2019 doi

  215. [238]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Orbital. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 1998 , note =. doi:10.1086/305711 , abstract =

    1998 doi

  216. [239]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Halting. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2002 , note =. doi:10.1086/342370 , abstract =

    2002 doi

  217. [240]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    The. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2006 , note =. doi:10.1086/505967 , abstract =

    2006 doi

  218. [241]

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =

    Stopping inward planetary migration by a toroidal magnetic field , volume =. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =. 2003 , note =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06455.x , abstract =

    2003 doi

  219. [242]

    Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics , author =

    Origins of. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics , author =. 2018 , note =. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051853 , abstract =

    2018 doi

  220. [243]

    Astronomy & Astrophysics , author =

    Planet–planet scattering as the source of the highest eccentricity exoplanets , volume =. Astronomy & Astrophysics , author =. 2019 , note =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935744 , abstract =

    2019 doi

  221. [244]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    Secular. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 2000 , note =. doi:10.1086/308815 , abstract =

    2000 doi

  222. [245]

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =

    Secular. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , author =. 2013 , note =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt302 , abstract =

    2013 doi

  223. [246]

    The Astrophysical Journal , author =

    The. The Astrophysical Journal , author =. 1998 , note =. doi:10.1086/305670 , abstract =

    1998 doi

  224. [247]

    , keywords =

    In situ scattering of warm Jupiters and implications for dynamical histories. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3119 , archivePrefix =. 1908.04300 , primaryClass =

    1908 doi

  225. [248]

    , keywords =

    Dynamical Origin of Extrasolar Planet Eccentricity Distribution. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/590047 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0703160 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  226. [249]

    , keywords =

    Secular dynamics of multiplanet systems: implications for the formation of hot and warm Jupiters via high-eccentricity migration. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2370 , archivePrefix =. 1606.07438 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  227. [250]

    , keywords =

    Formation of hot Jupiters through secular chaos and dynamical tides. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1011 , archivePrefix =. 1901.05006 , primaryClass =

    1901 doi arXiv

  228. [251]

    , keywords =

    Dynamical Instabilities in Systems of Multiple Short-period Planets Are Likely Driven by Secular Chaos: A Case Study of Kepler-102. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aba0b0 , archivePrefix =. 2003.05040 , primaryClass =

    2003 doi

  229. [252]

    , keywords =

    Eccentricity and spin-orbit misalignment in short-period stellar binaries as a signpost of hidden tertiary companions. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx293 , archivePrefix =. 1610.02626 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  230. [253]

    Science , keywords =

    Chaotic dynamics of stellar spin in binaries and the production of misaligned hot Jupiters. Science , keywords =. doi:10.1126/science.1254358 , archivePrefix =. 1409.3247 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  231. [254]

    , keywords =

    Tidal interactions in star cluster simulations. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03974.x , adsurl =

    2001 doi

  232. [255]

    , keywords =

    Planet─Planet Scattering and Von Zeipel─Lidov─Kozai Migration The Dynamical History of HAT-P-11. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad9b79 , archivePrefix =. 2405.19511 , primaryClass =

    doi

  233. [256]

    , keywords =

    Warm Jupiters from Secular Planet-Planet Interactions. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/132 , archivePrefix =. 1604.00010 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  234. [257]

    doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac69ef , adsnote =

    Evidence for the Late Arrival of Hot Jupiters in Systems with High Host-Star Obliquities , author =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac69ef , adsnote =. arXiv , keywords =:2205.00040 , primaryclass =

    doi

  235. [258]

    and Schlaufman, Kevin C

    Schmidt, Stephen P. and Schlaufman, Kevin C. , year = 2026, month = jan, number =. Most. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2601.14367 , urldate =. arXiv , langid =:2601.14367 , primaryclass =

    2026 doi

  236. [259]

    , keywords =

    A Criterion for the Onset of Chaos in Systems of Two Eccentric Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad32c , archivePrefix =. 1803.08510 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

  237. [260]

    , keywords =

    Dynamical and Secular Stability of Mutually Inclined Planetary Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad62f9 , archivePrefix =. 2404.07264 , primaryClass =

    doi

  238. [261]

    , keywords =

    Consequences of the Ejection and Disruption of Giant Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/2/74 , archivePrefix =. 1012.2382 , primaryClass =

    doi arXiv

Pith tools

Reviewed June 26, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.