Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 22 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2304.03738.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2304.03738 v3

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 22 of 22 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 22 of 22 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:32:54.638590Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-04T09:59:45.831622Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation efe7d589-3650-42ba-a9c9-59b8685deab7 · inbound

Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment cites this paper.

Trustworthy LLMs: a Survey and Guideline for Evaluating Large Language Models' Alignment Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 220

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T22:30:45.069388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 40ea4001-3005-4b34-85bd-bc55fda8c160 · inbound

Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Survey cites this paper.

Data-Centric Foundation Models in Computational Healthcare: A Survey Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 84

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T04:13:53.075638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a12c259d-dd46-45da-bcc1-07d6eb473593 · inbound

Social and Ethical Risks Posed by General-Purpose LLMs for Settling Newcomers in Canada cites this paper.

Social and Ethical Risks Posed by General-Purpose LLMs for Settling Newcomers in Canada Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T23:08:35.448009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d3afcec4-18ec-4d84-9158-811660ac8326 · inbound

Generative AI regulation can learn from social media regulation cites this paper.

Generative AI regulation can learn from social media regulation Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T15:04:59.565228Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4c589e36-8667-453f-b280-ca69202b779e · inbound

TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environment cites this paper.

TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environment Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:04:04.956535Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b059dc4-96a0-49f3-8b36-de5a5f1b656e · inbound

A Survey on Responsible LLMs: Inherent Risk, Malicious Use, and Mitigation Strategy cites this paper.

A Survey on Responsible LLMs: Inherent Risk, Malicious Use, and Mitigation Strategy Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:05:12.143667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c6917448-6c05-4d4f-8a6c-02ff1c01ef1e · inbound

Understanding Design Fixation in Generative AI cites this paper.

Understanding Design Fixation in Generative AI Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T17:40:40.995887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 47abcf14-5598-461a-91cf-003ed3205f83 · inbound

Unbiased Evaluation of Large Language Models from a Causal Perspective cites this paper.

Unbiased Evaluation of Large Language Models from a Causal Perspective Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T14:51:15.389935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1706ab68-c170-4a73-84d1-62f96ce29302 · inbound

Large language models perpetuate bias in palliative care: development and analysis of the Palliative Care Adversarial Dataset (PCAD) cites this paper.

Large language models perpetuate bias in palliative care: development and analysis of the Palliative Care Adversarial Dataset (PCAD) Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T10:59:29.146298Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7fb86a44-1a09-481a-8333-83f48c7a589e · inbound

Multimodal Large Language Models for Medicine: A Comprehensive Survey cites this paper.

Multimodal Large Language Models for Medicine: A Comprehensive Survey Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 180

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:32:54.638590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 341d14a3-bd85-4e36-9082-aa967d100ff4 · inbound

The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMs cites this paper.

The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMs Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 117

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:17:26.952493Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6434a33d-4e04-41d0-b673-d3fd8b4ea65f · inbound

The Potential Impact of Disruptive AI Innovations on U.S. Occupations cites this paper.

The Potential Impact of Disruptive AI Innovations on U.S. Occupations Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T17:13:43.619605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc02a5e6-873b-464e-bc47-27d0e7a17e36 · inbound

Identifying Pre-training Data in LLMs: A Neuron Activation-Based Detection Framework cites this paper.

Identifying Pre-training Data in LLMs: A Neuron Activation-Based Detection Framework Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:15:18.466696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3c421e8f-3a9a-4685-8c7b-1a3e3bc27309 · inbound

Poison Once, Refuse Forever: Weaponizing Alignment for Injecting Bias in LLMs cites this paper.

Poison Once, Refuse Forever: Weaponizing Alignment for Injecting Bias in LLMs Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T16:51:54.725476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 90de9e0c-c90b-4408-9bff-7ab20ad5717d · inbound

Reward Modeling for Reinforcement Learning-Based LLM Reasoning: Design, Challenges, and Evaluation cites this paper.

Reward Modeling for Reinforcement Learning-Based LLM Reasoning: Design, Challenges, and Evaluation Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T03:04:43.552922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1b1c7f38-a1bc-4ffb-b739-772316743b4d · inbound

Can We Trust a Black-box LLM? LLM Untrustworthy Boundary Detection via Bias-Diffusion and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

Can We Trust a Black-box LLM? LLM Untrustworthy Boundary Detection via Bias-Diffusion and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T00:30:51.278291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 90b09e2b-ae38-4a88-ac4d-989f5d067c34 · inbound

Guardian-as-an-Advisor: Advancing Next-Generation Guardian Models for Trustworthy LLMs cites this paper.

Guardian-as-an-Advisor: Advancing Next-Generation Guardian Models for Trustworthy LLMs Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T06:46:39.068365Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation fda17a79-52f1-454c-adc1-fec364a4659c · inbound

Beyond Static Benchmarks: Synthesizing Harmful Content via Persona-based Simulation for Robust Evaluation cites this paper.

Beyond Static Benchmarks: Synthesizing Harmful Content via Persona-based Simulation for Robust Evaluation Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T06:46:37.344226Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 90f77d0e-5515-4bd1-9de4-49b356eee835 · inbound

LOKI: Memory-Free Null-Space Constrained Lifelong Knowledge Editing cites this paper.

LOKI: Memory-Free Null-Space Constrained Lifelong Knowledge Editing Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T02:59:25.204203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3752411c-e8ef-4243-abbd-d3f0629a1e20 · inbound

Unmasking LAION-5B: Age, Gender, Race, and Emotion Biases in Large-Scale Image Datasets cites this paper.

Unmasking LAION-5B: Age, Gender, Race, and Emotion Biases in Large-Scale Image Datasets Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 147

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T09:59:45.833090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c771c12c-2ec2-4ac2-b4da-8aa12fea8be6 · inbound

An LLM-Powered Semantic Alignment Framework for Journal Recommendation cites this paper.

An LLM-Powered Semantic Alignment Framework for Journal Recommendation Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 98

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T18:05:58.495963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 15f074f6-1ad5-452b-af55-9103cc4219d2 · inbound

What Current AI Benchmarks Leave Unmeasured: Modality, Search, Citations, and Implications (for Safety Evaluations) cites this paper.

What Current AI Benchmarks Leave Unmeasured: Modality, Search, Citations, and Implications (for Safety Evaluations) Should ChatGPT be Biased? Challenges and Risks of Bias in Large Language Models

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:44:34.503503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.