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Challenges in Guardrailing Large Language Models for Science

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arxiv 2411.08181 v2 pith:FB7QA3HU submitted 2024-11-12 cs.AI

classification cs.AI
keywords scientificchallengesguardrailslanguagemodelsdomainlargetrustworthiness
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The rapid development in large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of natural language processing and understanding (NLP/NLU), offering significant benefits across various domains. However, when applied to scientific research, these powerful models exhibit critical failure modes related to scientific integrity and trustworthiness. Existing general-purpose LLM guardrails are insufficient to address these unique challenges in the scientific domain. We provide comprehensive guidelines for deploying LLM guardrails in the scientific domain. We identify specific challenges -- including time sensitivity, knowledge contextualization, conflict resolution, and intellectual property concerns -- and propose a guideline framework for the guardrails that can align with scientific needs. These guardrail dimensions include trustworthiness, ethics & bias, safety, and legal aspects. We also outline in detail the implementation strategies that employ white-box, black-box, and gray-box methodologies that can be enforced within scientific contexts.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Learning When to Act or Refuse: Guarding Agentic Reasoning Models for Safe Multi-Step Tool Use

    cs.CL 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A single post-training recipe — explicit safety reasoning plus refusal as a first-class action, optimized by pairwise preference RL — reduces harmful tool-use and injection success on open LLM agents, with model-depen...

  2. SI-FACT: Mitigating Knowledge Conflict via Self-Improving Faithfulness-Aware Contrastive Tuning

    cs.CL 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Self-generated contrastive tuning (SI-FACT) raises contextual answer rates on ECARE_KRE from 69.8% (best baseline) to 76.0%, and on COSE_KRE from 52.9% to 54.2%.

  3. LLM Harms: A Taxonomy and Discussion

    cs.CY 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    This paper proposes a taxonomy of LLM harms in five categories and suggests mitigation strategies plus a dynamic auditing system for responsible development.

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