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Looking into the Jet Cone of the Neutrino-Associated Very High Energy Blazar PKS 1424+240

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arxiv 2504.09287 v2 pith:FRTM5QSW submitted 2025-04-12 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
keywords emissionobservationsverydopplerneutrinoblazarblazarscone
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The acceleration process of massive particles as well as the production of very high energy (VHE) photons and neutrinos remains a fundamental challenge in astrophysics. We investigate the parsec-scale jet structure and magnetic field of the blazar PKS 1424+240, that has been selected on the basis of strong VHE gamma-ray emission and identified with one of the highest peaks in the IceCube 9-year neutrino sky. We analyze 15 GHz VLBA observations of this BL Lac object, stacking 42 polarization-sensitive images collected in 2009-2025 to enhance the signal and reveal persistent parsec-scale structure. Our observations uncover a rare scenario. The object is viewed inside the jet cone, very close to the axis of its relativistic jet, with a viewing angle of <0.6 deg. This effectively maximizes Doppler boosting to values ~30 and enhances both electromagnetic and neutrino emission in the observer's direction. Based on polarimetric observations, we unambiguously detect a net toroidal component of the jet's magnetic field, indicating a current carrying jet flowing almost directly towards our line of sight. Blazars with very small jet viewing angles offer a solution to the longstanding mismatch between Doppler factors inferred from low VLBI apparent jet speed and those derived from VHE observations -- the so-called "Doppler factor crisis". We show that relativistic beaming plays the critical role in the gamma-ray and neutrino emission of blazars, with direct implications for models of their multi-messenger emission.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Dynamics and geometry of the inner sub-parsec-scale jet in 3C 279 observed with the Event Horizon Telescope

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    EHT 2021 images of 3C 279 reveal an intrinsic, sideways-elongated jet base whose components move at apparent speeds up to 10c, implying a sub-parsec bend toward the observer and viewing angles below one degree.

  2. Polarisation as a probe of neutrino emission from blazars

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    During a neutrino-associated flare, the blazar PKS 0735+178 showed rotations in radio and optical polarization angles consistent with a propagating shock, indicating conditions for proton-photon neutrino emission.

  3. Active Galactic Nuclei as high-energy neutrino sources

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 2.5 of 10

    Review summarizing correlations between astrophysical neutrinos and gamma-ray/radio AGN, specific source associations, proposed production mechanisms, and future prospects.

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