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Hydrogen-poor superluminous stellar explosions

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arxiv 0910.0059 v2 pith:G6N5ZTSC submitted 2009-10-01 astro-ph.CO

classification astro-ph.CO
keywords observedradiationdecaydepositedemittedenergyeventsexplosions
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Supernovae (SNe) are stellar explosions driven by gravitational or thermonuclear energy, observed as electromagnetic radiation emitted over weeks or more. In all known SNe, this radiation comes from internal energy deposited in the outflowing ejecta by either radioactive decay of freshly-synthesized elements (typically 56Ni), stored heat deposited by the explosion shock in the envelope of a supergiant star, or interaction between the SN debris and slowly-moving, hydrogen-rich circumstellar material. Here we report on a new class of luminous SNe whose observed properties cannot be explained by any of these known processes. These include four new SNe we have discovered, and two previously unexplained events (SN 2005ap; SCP 06F6) that we can now identify as members. These SNe are all ~10 times brighter than SNe Ia, do not show any trace of hydrogen, emit significant ultra-violet (UV) flux for extended periods of time, and have late-time decay rates which are inconsistent with radioactivity. Our data require that the observed radiation is emitted by hydrogen-free material distributed over a large radius (~10^15 cm) and expanding at high velocities (>10^4 km s^-1). These long-lived, UV-luminous events can be observed out to redshifts z>4 and offer an excellent opportunity to study star formation in, and the interstellar medium of, primitive distant galaxies.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The progenitors and circumstellar environments of stripped-envelope interacting supernovae from BPASS

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using BPASS, only binary progenitors whose mass loss forms a circum-binary disc reproduce the luminosities and rise times of stripped-envelope interacting supernovae.

  2. A Disappearing Act: Constraints From "Missing" Flares of Repeating Partial TDE Candidates

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Non-detections of expected third flares in TDE 2022dbl and TDE 2020vdq support rpTDE interpretation over independent events, with modeling favoring bound main-sequence star orbits and deep initial encounters.

  3. A search for minute-time-scale flares from the transient AT\,2024wpp

    astro-ph.HE 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    No minute-timescale optical flares were found from AT2024wpp in 23 hours of monitoring, setting a 2-sigma duty-cycle upper limit of 0.02 and a flare rate below 0.11 per hour.

  4. Insights from Modeling Magnetar-driven Light Curves of Stripped-envelope Supernovae

    astro-ph.HE 2024-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A unified magnetar spin-down model reproduces the bolometric light curves of 11 stripped-envelope supernovae, but several reported correlations follow from the fitting formulas rather than from independent physics.

  5. Supernovae with the Square Kilometre Array

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    This review chapter updates prior work to outline the SKA's expected role in turning radio observations of supernovae into population statistics through wide-field surveys and targeted follow-up.

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