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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 56 of 56 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.23025.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.23025 v1

Coverage vector

measured 56 of 56 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T21:58:36.879455Z

measured 57 of 57 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T07:56:00.180707Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T08:03:14.581676Z

Reference resolution

56 of 56 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy0
  • unresolved56
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 043f9fd2-3378-42ef-8928-1c0162ce458b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T21:58:38.488170Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:31.734269Z digest=sha256:21e7a71396907217e0ff78983cfece1a0e1104cfca49531d3bcd5da0bb72c8be

Observation 31e32094-9184-4ef5-b85a-4af7c5319f8b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:31.834775Z digest=sha256:833dc55b3b321d4fce5f22930d0695c79bb1d7a3ab29e9bde398481f0dba7af2

Observation 18dc2cab-fef3-4f54-859a-d81e85191989 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:31.911502Z digest=sha256:12af0da8c997bd656ef53fe6dd5e56328bc9e889b496f405fbf728a042c80dc3

Observation 2853d9a1-345e-4dfa-aa63-05545243bb85 · outbound

This paper cites QuaRot: Outlier-Free 4-Bit Inference in Rotated LLMs.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models QuaRot: Outlier-Free 4-Bit Inference in Rotated LLMs

Reference 4

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:31.996347Z digest=sha256:82a44fcc89d97cf4d8160963d91c2950f232ffdb8a1752f1dc55330b2cb9724d

Observation 01a92cbf-2490-48e8-80d5-b488dc582114 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.074269Z digest=sha256:ce1c2bdf142034a4d17823e3af1ed3ad094c6550fc3c0e8ce6884a42594a6bdb

Observation d1ee3448-2f97-4f2d-9dc6-bfeaa50cc125 · outbound

This paper cites Estimating or Propagating Gradients Through Stochastic Neurons for Conditional Computation.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Estimating or Propagating Gradients Through Stochastic Neurons for Conditional Computation

Reference 6

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:58:32.172660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.172660Z digest=sha256:f929dffa42fedf3cf404d4811b9253f3b1a29b1d4f2b49fad2a093296cdf7d61

Observation 5940ab03-f85c-4634-9de9-cce79a301aff · outbound

This paper cites Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling

Reference 7

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Observation f8a1a219-c077-4728-8b4e-ddfe7109fddd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.274923Z digest=sha256:b92f06b0ea0a7a49c684d328cb4bb113d1f6ea6ce5edc409cb52bcb093eaa454

Observation de534ba9-d725-4922-a149-af32acf7edfb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.321575Z digest=sha256:ae45947152eddefc9c42f08d81d32e6dda645b620f7f6d476c04ff4d90dd438f

Observation c66afc96-aa07-459f-a274-0d1f24c6dbf8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.370832Z digest=sha256:e7af56f1c9e11d4b5f145b709729345ca0f9086a853de8ac0adecbca346f5553

Observation 7557cc23-80e5-42a1-a5cd-49651c845cac · outbound

This paper cites On the Use of ArXiv as a Dataset.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models On the Use of ArXiv as a Dataset

Reference 11

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Observation 9e22eb0b-b7f9-462d-808d-bc85989b7dae · outbound

This paper cites LLM.int8(): 8-bit Matrix Multiplication for Transformers at Scale.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models LLM.int8(): 8-bit Matrix Multiplication for Transformers at Scale

Reference 13

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Observation b24b96ee-9cb2-4c1f-a8be-9595a0b2aec9 · outbound

This paper cites The case for 4-bit precision: k-bit Inference Scaling Laws.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models The case for 4-bit precision: k-bit Inference Scaling Laws

Reference 14

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.672393Z digest=sha256:df57b07f68e6020fcb93f40696a6bab523d9eadbc5b78936f0bd5f77f7efc075

Observation 1fd2de14-4d4f-44a4-accc-9c142150dc9a · outbound

This paper cites GPTQ: Accurate Post-Training Quantization for Generative Pre-trained Transformers.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models GPTQ: Accurate Post-Training Quantization for Generative Pre-trained Transformers

Reference 15

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.738629Z digest=sha256:6afdc18ffda2945ba10e85c2cf2c3a604699ae63ec757723525014de486c3624

Observation fe734b39-930f-4176-a525-f89adae7241c · outbound

This paper cites MARLIN: Mixed-Precision Auto-Regressive Parallel Inference on Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models MARLIN: Mixed-Precision Auto-Regressive Parallel Inference on Large Language Models

Reference 16

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:32.827124Z digest=sha256:14269a37121cc058f59dc8b6e05f995d76b7bd57387e10af948d403e131e627a

Observation f6a3106f-23bd-4367-8473-6d828b051915 · outbound

This paper cites AI and Memory Wall.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models AI and Memory Wall

Reference 17

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Observation 395c0f88-5bd1-4427-9476-5ab598ea55f1 · outbound

This paper cites OLMo: Accelerating the Science of Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models OLMo: Accelerating the Science of Language Models

Reference 18

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:58:32.979052Z

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Observation b36cff78-d508-44b1-b1b1-12d62d7a8d87 · outbound

This paper cites Inference Performance Optimization for Large Language Models on CPUs.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Inference Performance Optimization for Large Language Models on CPUs

Reference 19

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Observation eac6f8c2-5709-47ae-8a0a-d9a27c70092a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

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Observation c123ad72-3ab9-41d7-bb34-84dec3aa30c4 · outbound

This paper cites Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models

Reference 21

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Observation 36fa20ab-efa3-44ba-a884-97dd37e055d0 · outbound

This paper cites Mixtral of Experts.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Mixtral of Experts

Reference 22

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Observation ec326f9f-d017-4383-810f-92a610d37ac2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:33.616644Z digest=sha256:a8a309b0d7ebc6669409a0d807fb8d1ac27f7ebb01c372372b1481984a1a06dc

Observation 07e6f9ba-7983-4f3e-b55f-e2ca0af43b6a · outbound

This paper cites A Study of BFLOAT16 for Deep Learning Training.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models A Study of BFLOAT16 for Deep Learning Training

Reference 24

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:33.768061Z digest=sha256:4d16ebdc2fd4d24f5768c3c15fafea3895ced6f8713512aee4327a1a93569e25

Observation e1620616-bb66-4051-bb89-a466468f14ea · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 25

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Observation eecffa83-f6e9-4163-aecf-1d9b0200a1dc · outbound

This paper cites Spectra: Surprising Effectiveness of Pretraining Ternary Language Models at Scale.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Spectra: Surprising Effectiveness of Pretraining Ternary Language Models at Scale

Reference 26

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Observation b0cd3050-1600-4ae6-8a3e-6399f56a75cc · outbound

This paper cites AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM Compression and Acceleration.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM Compression and Acceleration

Reference 27

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:34.062944Z digest=sha256:db1a276ead4a696cb37f3f0bb21b0a9cfe99efddb789c1224c71e4bfe1a1b327

Observation 3defb7d4-bbef-4f89-a002-db3a59ac1463 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

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Observation 8baf29ef-435a-4f8c-958d-ec9d4197cd86 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

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Observation 8d612af7-2ee9-41c5-9a18-59f9dcd2285f · outbound

This paper cites Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization

Reference 30

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Observation 84027e9f-2f48-4fa1-8bca-bce4ced1dd74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:34.575134Z digest=sha256:07b6e411486e77a4b60ce51ff87292ebef0696e3e6ee2a2bdecd427c59222e59

Observation e6a8cc48-9708-4edd-af1d-e0d5f8486afb · outbound

This paper cites The Era of 1-bit LLMs: All Large Language Models are in 1.58 Bits.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models The Era of 1-bit LLMs: All Large Language Models are in 1.58 Bits

Reference 32

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Observation c5593d79-5272-4f10-8bad-e857aca2d0dd · outbound

This paper cites Mixed Precision Training.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Mixed Precision Training

Reference 33

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Observation 3d50d194-b400-4bd7-8f73-c5a43bf8e1e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

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Observation abb8dc68-6b02-4e90-8d66-810ee027b76f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

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Observation 16aa179f-5384-407d-a866-16767bf710ef · outbound

This paper cites ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Models

Reference 36

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Observation 01f9e2af-62a1-4733-94ec-1b461cfe0de2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:35.046766Z digest=sha256:62bfee514e5f2de5033c9693fad471195ee1f775773b456ebdd9627e3a875090

Observation b2aa463b-8e76-4e21-9235-7ae63ca4fb51 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond Chinchilla-Optimal: Accounting for Inference in Language Model Scaling Laws.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Beyond Chinchilla-Optimal: Accounting for Inference in Language Model Scaling Laws

Reference 38

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Observation b766b427-9e33-4b96-805e-77fcea5a6a0f · outbound

This paper cites GLU Variants Improve Transformer.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models GLU Variants Improve Transformer

Reference 39

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Observation 125a6f85-85df-4446-bcba-a359fa5ae593 · outbound

This paper cites SlimPajama-DC: Understanding Data Combinations for LLM Training.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models SlimPajama-DC: Understanding Data Combinations for LLM Training

Reference 40

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Observation 87f419bc-5aec-4698-b04a-d2becef731fd · outbound

This paper cites FlexGen: High-Throughput Generative Inference of Large Language Models with a Single GPU.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models FlexGen: High-Throughput Generative Inference of Large Language Models with a Single GPU

Reference 41

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Observation 500a8237-3561-48aa-9da6-c5369e86188f · outbound

This paper cites Beyond Human Data: Scaling Self-Training for Problem-Solving with Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Beyond Human Data: Scaling Self-Training for Problem-Solving with Language Models

Reference 42

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Observation fe99ede9-18de-4469-9d59-d1c01a1af026 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 43

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Observation ae9c20c2-53a2-4f50-8791-d073e5264aa0 · outbound

This paper cites RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding

Reference 44

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Observation 3a897b84-1a1f-4030-aaa2-fa4b6a916c3d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

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Observation 75429491-20db-4800-937b-80475b2c6c97 · outbound

This paper cites Zyda: A 1.3T Dataset for Open Language Modeling.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Zyda: A 1.3T Dataset for Open Language Modeling

Reference 46

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Observation b9dd0c37-8359-4947-a37e-51ad00c1f789 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 47

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Observation da0819bb-ce4c-4d7e-b8ff-9f9e2a87b9c2 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Attention Is All You Need

Reference 48

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Observation f37302c6-31ab-4993-b7be-c8eaab8c52e0 · outbound

This paper cites BitNet: Scaling 1-bit Transformers for Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models BitNet: Scaling 1-bit Transformers for Large Language Models

Reference 49

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Observation 5552d6d7-1b80-4ddd-aa62-0c0713c20f87 · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models

Reference 50

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Observation 8f5116bc-4633-40ec-96f3-c21e213e3288 · outbound

This paper cites Crowdsourcing Multiple Choice Science Questions.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Crowdsourcing Multiple Choice Science Questions

Reference 51

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.311075Z digest=sha256:89e576346ea1fed6741969b1e90d81eec2747da3817a50a665314e1c9648563e

Observation 917ace06-7174-4469-a713-81a5d3b91a29 · outbound

This paper cites SmoothQuant: Accurate and Efficient Post-Training Quantization for Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models SmoothQuant: Accurate and Efficient Post-Training Quantization for Large Language Models

Reference 52

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.390497Z digest=sha256:d5001f33bf4a2beb273c6d09b6dfc1124a855a58f960cf44ce89c66c842f4685

Observation 934eafdb-3037-40b1-9ce3-b952250a5c43 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.481514Z digest=sha256:c0443834ff153987f0c89f1440658277cbe2c45aa112f0ddb458ccac592860a5

Observation 825f6e34-122b-4d7a-9d80-0aa45d379904 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Models

Reference 54

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.595291Z digest=sha256:b8c7ca57292974f367cf1a0167304afe43230a02125fd60c10391dd409e499a0

Observation 7bee2538-7f33-4eb0-968a-d3bfff71fa10 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Efficient Inference for Large Language Models.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models A Survey on Efficient Inference for Large Language Models

Reference 55

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Observation f805acb6-f7d8-4221-bd8c-4ea49f5436ca · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 56

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.765576Z digest=sha256:f129d940459e75957bd093c0a607def5f8c115fa8cf5f8d65370e5a09b2b0abd

Observation d239e124-dd9b-4f30-a247-cb214e06d237 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models write newline

Reference 57

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T21:58:36.879455Z digest=sha256:28d1acb68f91ad36fcc4bd5742cc0b16485e1ab872bb86c48ff5a444da49a793

Pith citing papers

Observation 4e30dd8c-6d9e-4981-965e-8f1f400d7a6d · inbound

BitTP: The Lightweight Trajectory Prediction Model with BitLLM for Edge-Devices cites this paper.

BitTP: The Lightweight Trajectory Prediction Model with BitLLM for Edge-Devices Spectra 1.1: Scaling Laws and Efficient Inference for Ternary Language Models

Reference 46

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T08:03:14.583306Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

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