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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2508.16969.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2508.16969 v1

Coverage vector

measured 48 of 48 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T17:15:31.217764Z

measured 49 of 49 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T05:53:21.326556Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T05:53:21.357001Z

Reference resolution

48 of 48 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy37
  • unresolved11
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2e4913a8-b6ea-4068-975a-39ce83367cff · outbound

This paper cites In: Pro- ceedings of the ACL (1998).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Pro- ceedings of the ACL (1998)

Reference 1

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation fb10f143-7446-4567-b95a-874b61872c64 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the AAAI (2020).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the AAAI (2020)

Reference 2

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 25edf3f8-b07e-481c-aa73-0154d24308e7 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022)

Reference 3

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bd354687-2f10-4f5e-827f-a9c24acfb600 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2020).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2020)

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 312bba4a-8af8-43c8-a5ff-7d99f1f68445 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2021)

Reference 5

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation e34b5499-53f2-45a3-8cbf-697d4fb9896b · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Con- ference of the NAACL (2019).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the Con- ference of the NAACL (2019)

Reference 6

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation bd0766ac-4b65-4404-8d83-dd81989a1f8f · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022) Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022) Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems

Reference 7

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 032d44f0-d101-49a4-87e4-8b8a7b23f78a · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 8

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation d55e7782-62af-4d3b-9d01-f0d0c5f9a56d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation ad95378f-281e-4057-a094-1b23583faf1e · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2021)

Reference 10

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 75937b70-d85e-46c4-8e36-bb040ba11c30 · outbound

This paper cites Mixtral of Experts.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Mixtral of Experts

Reference 11

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 1fc38559-656b-4d44-be54-3c8c14efdbcb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 89119249-dbb4-4b43-9b59-36576e5f6365 · outbound

This paper cites In: Conference on Automated Knowledge Base Construction (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Conference on Automated Knowledge Base Construction (2022)

Reference 13

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 2082a9df-eb47-4dc1-9156-b48f3ab0fe51 · outbound

This paper cites In: Bengio, Y., LeCun, Y.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Bengio, Y., LeCun, Y

Reference 14

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 3922c187-7f21-45dd-8402-f3d3dc8f411b · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the ACL 2022 (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Findings of the ACL 2022 (2022)

Reference 15

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation e7cb03b3-856c-44f1-8f30-66ccb94b7de6 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2020).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2020)

Reference 16

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 046e2bd0-abfa-4acc-96dc-d155b83e807d · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2021)

Reference 17

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation fe7c5016-60b7-4bff-96e2-1463224477aa · outbound

This paper cites Machine Intelligence Research 21(2), 239–256 (2024).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Machine Intelligence Research 21(2), 239–256 (2024)

Reference 18

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 70b85607-bafb-47c5-b0d9-ce7394c52af7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation c2352e63-44a9-4fd1-bdd9-da36fe2cacfc · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2023)

Reference 20

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 3d694678-92c9-43bd-a767-9a9c60918c58 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the Conference of the EACL (2023)

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 33fc1ca1-1f28-4614-b1e7-cd43399e4afa · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2022)

Reference 22

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation c6697c55-1895-4faa-8d39-b5bba6e39755 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2022)

Reference 23

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 85647f58-bee9-4409-9ad1-ddc6806fbcde · outbound

This paper cites Last-accesed: Oct 2023 (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Last-accesed: Oct 2023 (2023)

Reference 24

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 2e6d50bc-498c-4ec7-b243-987e390bb155 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation dee7a86e-c326-430f-b441-1b57806ff88c · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1976).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1976)

Reference 26

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation c036a2e3-f494-497f-8ad2-029c963b2e73 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2016).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2016)

Reference 27

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation c27324e1-256a-456f-bc2e-842854908147 · outbound

This paper cites why should i trust you?.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective why should i trust you?

Reference 28

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 826868e3-34a3-42d6-b4e8-d58ebf3b8b83 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 883d7293-8576-4cf3-98d0-da462608400a · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the EMNLP 2022 (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Findings of the EMNLP 2022 (2022)

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 0b3f182e-0bd3-405c-a548-3f207e511a8d · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2021)

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 92edf172-63a1-41ef-81ff-269194748fb4 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2021)

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation ed728852-4e35-495e-8ff3-21be24a6c0a4 · outbound

This paper cites Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) (2020).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics (TACL) (2020)

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation fa871baf-d1c9-4014-bc80-29fd3f6e7d19 · outbound

This paper cites CoRR (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective CoRR (2021)

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:15:31.413448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

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This paper cites In: Findings of the ACL 2021 (2021).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Findings of the ACL 2021 (2021)

Reference 36

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Observation c6050cf4-c245-429d-89da-3c7257c5eb4a · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 37

Resolution
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Observation f6cd057b-9faa-4c1d-9a49-dd7e62829809 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 7993917c-d2aa-4fca-b34b-2507df7b3552 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 10c25000-6e29-483f-9a3d-9587d05ca658 · outbound

This paper cites Natural Language Engineering (2005).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Natural Language Engineering (2005)

Reference 40

Resolution
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 38c04152-fc6e-48c5-9756-d86f80141d9f · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2019).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2019)

Reference 41

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 8195ed47-a1f5-462f-93c8-5c601b7fadef · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the EMNLP (2022)

Reference 42

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 253f70ab-212f-497d-9aa0-eaead7e34841 · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the EMNLP 2023 (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Findings of the EMNLP 2023 (2023)

Reference 43

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation f3a9c661-3eba-4388-a031-b241e573eede · outbound

This paper cites IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2020).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2020)

Reference 44

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 4556d307-6ab3-4536-80e5-9f85829a80bd · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM international conference on information and knowledge management (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM international conference on information and knowledge management (2023)

Reference 45

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 6a5536b2-edad-478e-b64c-6c92f5dd3d70 · outbound

This paper cites In: Findings of the NAACL 2022 (2022).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Findings of the NAACL 2022 (2022)

Reference 46

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation 3357c28d-6d37-4d02-8d67-f9cc77780b2e · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the ACL (2024).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the ACL (2024)

Reference 47

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Observation b407cf30-5419-4a90-a1df-ab12dcfcc3ea · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the AAAI (2023).

Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective In: Proceedings of the AAAI (2023)

Reference 48

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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Pith citing papers

Observation 80a38b31-d84d-4d1e-822d-ccfa5307ac55 · inbound

Memorization $\neq$ Understanding: Do Large Language Models Have the Ability of Scenario Cognition? cites this paper.

Memorization $\neq$ Understanding: Do Large Language Models Have the Ability of Scenario Cognition? Explaining Black-box Language Models with Knowledge Probing Systems: A Post-hoc Explanation Perspective

Reference 39

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

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