Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:37:52.700949Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 52 of 52 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.04712.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:37:52.700949Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
52 of 52 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation e95885f9-4f8f-4bbe-b046-dca069754122 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes An introduction to the space mapping technique
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 78103c8a-1bc5-4c1d-8f01-383d9b2e319a · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Space mapping: the state of the art
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 54bfed11-d65e-440d-8374-2023d78e53fb · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Parametric FEM for geometric biomembranes
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c4320639-e0a5-4eb2-9171-24c615e2c423 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Three-dimensional Eulerian approach to droplet impingement simu- lation using fensap-ice, part 1: model, algorithm, and validation
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2d6d48e2-2b72-408f-89a4-0af9753b11c2 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes A finite element method study of Eulerian droplets impingement models
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a1bfd36f-2582-4fc5-a9d9-daebf42b1bac · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Prediction of aerosol deposition in 90 ◦ bends using LES and an efficient Lagrangian tracking method
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 781778e4-8af8-4392-ad7b-197bb9769020 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin formulations for convection dominated flows with particular emphasis on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8ddf517e-3a31-43a2-8b4d-90887203b184 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes COMSOL Multiphysics
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 25b5c3da-b6c9-46cd-b9af-9b73fed08020 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Note on the motion of fluid in a curved pipe
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 56bfa19b-a333-4fb3-a2c5-5eb1fdc4f2a3 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Shapes and geometries: metrics, analysis, differential calculus, and optimization
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3efceaae-9c5d-496c-9821-cf1b2ec5139e · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes A quadrature-based moment method for dilute fluid-particle flows
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c7129794-27ff-4575-99cd-54874315276d · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Feedback Petrov-Galerkin methods for convection-dominated problems
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2f80ef07-b3ca-411f-b5cb-5b92edb7343b · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Innovative pipe wall design to mitigate elbow erosion: A CFD analysis
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7c97d41f-3396-426f-9574-70d65ad6955d · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Robust mesh deformation using the linear elasticity equations, in: Proceedings of the Fourth Inter- national Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics 2006, Springer, Berlin
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f13b9188-b8bc-45dd-85bf-21623fc7e84f · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes A regularized Newton method in electrical impedance tomography using shape Hessian information
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e69cb83a-aae0-4a36-a3d0-47e7e26516d5 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Theory and Practice of Finite Elements
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 313b5b78-4a1e-41f1-8cc5-44413a590ffe · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes First and Second Order Shape Optimization based on Restricted Mesh Deformations
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 81772ee6-d4a6-42ae-a7f9-03a826b17952 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Antierosion in a 90 bend by particle impaction
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation bad94df6-3cfe-4bbf-834a-e8286a3e749b · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Some observations on the erosion of ductile metals
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9b9efa65-1fe2-4b63-bff3-8e874cb25517 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Higher-order moment models for laminar multiphase flows with accurate particle- stream crossing
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5a88e9f5-101f-488d-a8b0-4c8b587eee52 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Higher-order quadrature-based moment methods for kinetic equations
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ec2bc240-89a5-4f7b-a6b8-436f16f19fb8 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Shape optimization of an electric motor subject to nonlinear magnetostatics
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6a4d0e5d-94bb-46ea-a5d1-b403955a741f · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Optimization with PDE constraints
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 79146b34-2a4c-4983-aaaa-24335de4ecdd · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Shape optimization of a polymer distributor using an eulerian residence time model
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation dc3b0152-9ce7-41c3-91a8-1c6303db3cbb · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Eulerian modeling of in-flight icing due to supercooled large droplets
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a6841d12-33af-42d2-8d83-09d66b0ad644 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Pneumatic conveying design guide
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation bce84e41-f2ff-4acf-bbc6-d2f8c39f740e · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes The impact angle dependence of erosion damage caused by solid particle impact
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation baf24725-85f8-45f5-af99-7b2470632b70 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid particle impact: Part 1: Effects of impact parameters on a predictive equation
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a1afa833-49aa-4fae-bebf-e4b7b693b5ea · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Overview of the incompressible Navier–Stokes simulation capabilities in the MOOSE framework
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 72eac6c7-a7ba-430f-860b-57c0e5a3d456 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Inertial particle deposition in a 90 ◦ laminar flow bend: an Eulerian fluid particle approach
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c16f0aad-178f-4616-87d7-cec46b273f1f · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Experimental study of particle deposition in bends of circular cross section
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 57458efa-3209-4a80-88de-283d208e8db8 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Numerical solution scheme for inert, disperse, and dilute gas-particle flows
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a4e68776-c0c9-466f-95b1-290564ec9e06 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Reducing bend erosion with a twisted tape insert
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 800b5e41-417e-417c-8a26-ee2bb14fcc9e · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Two-phase flows - second-order schemes and boundary conditions
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 129cad0e-c877-48e4-bae1-ece25e0805cb · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes A drag coefficient correlation
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4c3a1a29-9a82-4d30-b0e0-a4f478331b4c · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Impulse response approximations of discrete shape Hessians with application in CFD
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 21b14e05-5115-4692-86bd-297237d2b014 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Shape derivatives for general objective functions and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ffa10b32-961f-4992-adc3-35ed68ca47e7 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Computational comparison of surface metrics for PDE constrained shape optimization
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9733bbb7-9eec-42b1-93ce-225dea7e092f · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Structured inverse modeling in parabolic diffusion problems
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 10f17c01-d872-4e5c-82b3-116daed28231 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Differentiation with respect to the domain in boundary value problems
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 377d6099-088d-4aa5-bbbe-fd0701b4a2fa · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes The calculation of inertial particle transport in dilute gas-particle flows
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 72584415-14ef-4f68-b07f-d48c8b025186 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Introduction to shape optimization: shape sensitivity analysis
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d1ca74c3-128b-4f2b-99ba-8dea61fc69c4 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Minimax Lagrangian approach to the differentiability of nonlinear PDE constrained shape functions without saddle point assumption
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5cf67d01-7737-4c20-ba36-d6a09f79ef62 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Optimale Steuerung partieller Differentialgleichungen
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4acc2917-7fd7-4ce2-84a4-686fc2ed5757 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Numerical study of particle deposition in bends of a circular cross-section-laminar flow regime
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2cb30312-3d4b-4d29-949c-a185be8a650b · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Analysis of particle transport and deposition of micron-sized particles in a 90 ◦ bend using a two-fluid Eulerian–Eulerian approach
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 059569f6-acdd-42a4-a66b-663377cad649 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Riemannian geometry
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b4e82d21-ca0a-4a8d-a64c-8bc2b04a87a7 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Numerical optimization
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f087b407-1708-40f0-b238-5458d6f3104a · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes The Schur complement and its applications
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2b78538b-de11-46c3-812e-cca26cf352d1 · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Comparison of computed and measured particle velocities and erosion in water and air flows
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2e3f3a62-656e-4b77-bef2-72b4da920f3b · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Numerical analysis of mitigating elbow erosion with a rib
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9f6b33c7-8721-4747-b19e-fd6db4d6249f · outbound
Gradient-based shape optimization for the reduction of particle erosion in bended pipes Weakly differentiable functions: Sobolev spaces and functions of bounded variation
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.