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Sterile Neutrinos
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Neutrinos, being the only fermions in the Standard Model of Particle Physics that do not possess electromagnetic or color charges, have the unique opportunity to communicate with fermions outside the Standard Model through mass mixing. Such Standard Model-singlet fermions are generally referred to as "sterile neutrinos''. In this review article, we discuss the theoretical and experimental motivation for sterile neutrinos, as well as their phenomenological consequences. With the benefit of hindsight in 2020, we point out potentially viable and interesting ideas. We focus in particular on sterile neutrinos that are light enough to participate in neutrino oscillations, but we also comment on the benefits of introducing heavier sterile states. We discuss the phenomenology of eV-scale sterile neutrinos in terrestrial experiments and in cosmology, we survey the global data, and we highlight various intriguing anomalies. We also expose the severe tension that exists between different data sets and prevents a consistent interpretation of the global data in at least the simplest sterile neutrino models. We discuss non-minimal scenarios that may alleviate some of this tension. We briefly review the status of keV-scale sterile neutrinos as dark matter and the possibility of explaining the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe through leptogenesis driven by yet heavier sterile neutrinos.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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Neutrino t-channels at Colliders: When Light Neutrinos Matter
The same-sign WW→ℓℓ t-channel signal for heavy Majorana neutrinos is cancelled by light-neutrino contributions in the seesaw model; the opposite-sign eµjj channel is a better probe.
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A possible solution to the gallium anomaly moving beyond the leptonic wave function factorization
A non-factorized amplitude treatment with a fitted sign-changing nuclear transition density reduces the predicted νe-71Ga capture rate by ~20%, absorbing the gallium anomaly without new physics.
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Invisible jets from composite neutrinos
Neutrino scattering into composite invisible jets would enhance the neutral-to-charged current ratio, and NuTeV plus SHiP/FPF data can probe or exclude this scenario.
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Precision studies of neutron decay, left-right asymmetry model of weak interaction, CP-violation and baryon asymmetry of the Universe
In the left-right model, differing neutron and antineutron decay rates from sign-different W boson mixing produce baryon asymmetry at the hadronization transition, with sterile neutrinos generating compensating lepton...
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Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter as a Probe of Inflationary Reheating
Inflaton decays during reheating can produce all of the observed sterile-neutrino dark matter with a branching ratio below 10^-4, evading X-ray bounds and making a future X-ray line a probe of the inflaton mass and re...
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CP violating signal at DUNE in presence of nonstandard interactions and the role of second oscillation maxima
DUNE's second oscillation maximum (low-energy 8 GeV beam) amplifies CP-violating asymmetry in nonstandard-interaction scenarios, improving intrinsic-CP extraction and raising projected discovery significance above 12σ...
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2024 TASI Lectures: A Dark Matter Primer
A graduate-level primer covering the evidence for dark matter, the main cosmological production mechanisms (freeze-out, freeze-in, misalignment), and the direct detection formalism, with no new results.
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