Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 23 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2212.07677.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2212.07677 v2

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 23 of 23 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:06:05.127999Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-04T13:29:50.967150Z

Reference resolution

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External citation measurements

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Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 32247463-6fcb-4843-910b-dbbee5c8c1cb · inbound

Language Models can Solve Computer Tasks cites this paper.

Language Models can Solve Computer Tasks Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 69

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T12:17:26.845013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6f4b0280-b613-4a58-8e59-968a275442a1 · inbound

Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads cites this paper.

Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 171

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T10:36:18.266138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation cb185528-a245-4a6d-874a-9e9490c651b1 · inbound

Emergence and Effectiveness of Task Vectors in In-Context Learning: An Encoder Decoder Perspective cites this paper.

Emergence and Effectiveness of Task Vectors in In-Context Learning: An Encoder Decoder Perspective Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:20:23.787636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8d5df9e5-15db-415a-b534-f6ba0ec63fa0 · inbound

In-context learning for medical image segmentation cites this paper.

In-context learning for medical image segmentation Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T13:18:09.773508Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25c9cb9a-76ff-478a-af77-ef1deba04bb8 · inbound

Task Vectors in In-Context Learning: Emergence, Formation, and Benefit cites this paper.

Task Vectors in In-Context Learning: Emergence, Formation, and Benefit Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:15:28.417098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 40568d91-16b8-44a8-973a-598430fd89e7 · inbound

Scaling sparse feature circuit finding for in-context learning cites this paper.

Scaling sparse feature circuit finding for in-context learning Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T12:06:05.127999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3bbc278e-c836-42ff-85b2-191fca430072 · inbound

ICL CIPHERS: Quantifying "Learning" in In-Context Learning via Substitution Ciphers cites this paper.

ICL CIPHERS: Quantifying "Learning" in In-Context Learning via Substitution Ciphers Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T05:58:34.073164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 609e8753-af36-4bf4-9a0c-47b8338a16eb · inbound

Sample Complexity and Representation Ability of Test-time Scaling Paradigms cites this paper.

Sample Complexity and Representation Ability of Test-time Scaling Paradigms Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:35:38.610485Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0f0c45dd-5f99-4090-af3d-5d32b5d20624 · inbound

A Theoretical Study of (Hyper) Self-Attention through the Lens of Interactions: Representation, Training, Generalization cites this paper.

A Theoretical Study of (Hyper) Self-Attention through the Lens of Interactions: Representation, Training, Generalization Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T06:10:20.795541Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3a58dcd2-8f83-4ea3-a2c8-9e9d3f0984ed · inbound

In-Context Occam's Razor: How Transformers Prefer Simpler Hypotheses on the Fly cites this paper.

In-Context Occam's Razor: How Transformers Prefer Simpler Hypotheses on the Fly Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T18:42:34.508285Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f01fd6a8-5cee-4206-817b-028894d7fec8 · inbound

Thinking About Thinking: SAGE-nano's Inverse Reasoning for Self-Aware Language Models cites this paper.

Thinking About Thinking: SAGE-nano's Inverse Reasoning for Self-Aware Language Models Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:38:16.278676Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2bed3420-686e-41eb-bf14-6f62c9bffe54 · inbound

Transformers with RL or SFT Provably Learn Sparse Boolean Functions, But Differently cites this paper.

Transformers with RL or SFT Provably Learn Sparse Boolean Functions, But Differently Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T20:57:12.669528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5f09dc21-10d2-4352-9f20-797acd8af406 · inbound

When Context Sticks: Studying Interference in In-Context Learning cites this paper.

When Context Sticks: Studying Interference in In-Context Learning Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 19

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T20:36:09.553762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 585e48d1-f584-4eee-b9bb-fcb131af08d1 · inbound

SMolLM: Small Language Models Learn Small Molecular Grammar cites this paper.

SMolLM: Small Language Models Learn Small Molecular Grammar Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 98

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T19:01:16.906551Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 64e90ae5-66f6-45ca-ab58-f592057636a1 · inbound

One for All: A Non-Linear Transformer can Enable Cross-Domain Generalization for In-Context Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

One for All: A Non-Linear Transformer can Enable Cross-Domain Generalization for In-Context Reinforcement Learning Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 18

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T06:56:31.950075Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 99d9c37f-1c2f-4824-b922-a66497b167a9 · inbound

Finite Certificates for In-Context Determinacy and a Threshold Theory of Emergence in Language Models cites this paper.

Finite Certificates for In-Context Determinacy and a Threshold Theory of Emergence in Language Models Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-28T19:12:34.778045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 74199b95-59dc-4b8c-90ed-120a5b46db56 · inbound

Structure Before Collapse: Transient semantic geometry in next-token prediction cites this paper.

Structure Before Collapse: Transient semantic geometry in next-token prediction Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 127

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T13:29:50.968747Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 91c15dc8-0d55-435c-86b5-a4519d575197 · inbound

Partition, Prompt, Aggregate: Statistical Self-Consistency in Language Models cites this paper.

Partition, Prompt, Aggregate: Statistical Self-Consistency in Language Models Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T23:43:11.269139Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 937cce38-7c21-47f1-8935-1769e2e8f247 · inbound

In-context learning of closed form solution to simple linear regression task using transformer with linear self-attention cites this paper.

In-context learning of closed form solution to simple linear regression task using transformer with linear self-attention Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T22:19:54.206559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6f33ba5-fc60-4e30-8f39-4d21678e2008 · inbound

Bayesian Wind Tunnels for Model Selection cites this paper.

Bayesian Wind Tunnels for Model Selection Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T09:19:02.240344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fb9d9422-1de6-444c-adaa-25b1bd307e80 · inbound

Context-Adaptive Inference: A Unified Statistical and Foundation-Model View cites this paper.

Context-Adaptive Inference: A Unified Statistical and Foundation-Model View Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 143

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T23:53:01.264186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 90560fd6-493c-48fc-92a2-bc098899d474 · inbound

Entangled by Design: Spurious Intra-Variable Signal Routing in Tabular In-Context Learners cites this paper.

Entangled by Design: Spurious Intra-Variable Signal Routing in Tabular In-Context Learners Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T02:16:27.017180Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation daf18c9b-1bbb-450d-88d6-8fd8d53d52c1 · inbound

When Is a Task Vector Enough? An Empirical Theory of Implicit Multimodal ICL cites this paper.

When Is a Task Vector Enough? An Empirical Theory of Implicit Multimodal ICL Transformers learn in-context by gradient descent

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:25:20.524771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.