Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 52 of 52 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.13181.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.13181 v1

Coverage vector

measured 52 of 52 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.837558Z

measured 53 of 53 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T19:25:35.177717Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-15T19:25:35.247357Z

Reference resolution

52 of 52 outbound references displayed

verified exact21
verified fuzzy20
unresolved8
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier2
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2e981dd1-188e-43f4-8ad9-0a696254ca13 · outbound

This paper cites , author Leyk, S.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Leyk, S

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.099449Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation e6cb6162-f702-41e9-940b-2b918b33a58a · outbound

This paper cites , author Parent, J.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Parent, J

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.697335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation da49d401-8a84-4b8a-aef3-9323ba79fc56 · outbound

This paper cites , author Parent, J.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Parent, J

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.089348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 829666ea-2379-4b3c-bdd3-7828a44c8f5e · outbound

This paper cites , author Millard-Ball, A.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Millard-Ball, A

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.688553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 29395f0c-0ccb-4fd0-9e17-467ac9f34785 · outbound

This paper cites , author Millard-Ball, A.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Millard-Ball, A

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.679801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cae9cc22-6b8e-4819-b066-dd43ff8c276c · outbound

This paper cites , year 2006.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2006

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.079280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation b05254d4-2a9c-460c-903e-07a505702566 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2013.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2013

Reference 7

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 69fa1f70-edf3-4f46-9ad9-1c6dd24c3715 · outbound

This paper cites , author Lobo, J.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Lobo, J

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.688144Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6860cfe6-0545-490f-aa0b-6bd41af1192b · outbound

This paper cites , author Yang, V.C.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Yang, V.C

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.505029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 74c2bb22-0830-475c-8e9d-a55e6b589e56 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2019.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2019

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a5f8bea8-1335-439e-8a8a-25491103ffa7 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2020 a.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2020 a

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.698801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bdc38194-50aa-4609-aa2d-ebe015a05214 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2020 b.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2020 b

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.671105Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation f1a3d491-8f21-44d1-8c2a-21e52d5a1741 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2018.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2018

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.661986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 7fd515b2-42bf-4532-a8fe-9951270624c7 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2020 a.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2020 a

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.652426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation cd9eb5ba-44af-4305-9500-c42d64ed5302 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2020 b.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2020 b

Reference 15

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e809392b-b6bc-4193-937e-0dfe6c454993 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2020 c.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2020 c

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.633008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation de115275-0acf-4585-b163-14969a225407 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2023.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2023

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.623273Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 2c19d868-1c2f-4b02-8cf6-b98466d3436b · outbound

This paper cites , author Uhl, J.H.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Uhl, J.H

Reference 18

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 17827129-cdb7-405c-99e9-f67be34af27e · outbound

This paper cites , author Uhl, J.H.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Uhl, J.H

Reference 19

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79156110-1dd5-4102-b8f9-c067af35a40e · outbound

This paper cites Analyzing urban scaling laws in the United States over 115 years.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 Analyzing urban scaling laws in the United States over 115 years

Reference 20

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 43ac3cec-5c72-486d-be32-eb61d9f45485 · outbound

This paper cites , author Barthelemy, M.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Barthelemy, M

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.035903Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 0b62d8c7-3162-4dcb-b8ec-0549828b452b · outbound

This paper cites , year 2001.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2001

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.613024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 07467552-cf18-42e0-b0d6-3bfb4d9ba57e · outbound

This paper cites , author Simmons, K.M.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Simmons, K.M

Reference 23

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.025817Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 7bdc2326-9e24-41fc-b74b-1ecd7db0bc94 · outbound

This paper cites , year 1961.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 1961

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.603575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 4b48651c-7b52-4ecb-a501-12aae2acb545 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2004.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2004

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.016822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation ec1d3e15-d64f-4774-b8b3-575f98e080eb · outbound

This paper cites , author Suchecki, K.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Suchecki, K

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.007110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 51305f19-45d3-4fbc-8f93-3b79e73eaaef · outbound

This paper cites , author Ioannides, Y.M.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Ioannides, Y.M

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.996914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 96335e03-d5eb-4abe-9c93-6327c4e903ed · outbound

This paper cites , author Johnston, R.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Johnston, R

Reference 28

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 67136f33-dc46-4dc6-9032-aa393035aed8 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2008.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2008

Reference 29

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 3395f27f-bb71-41c0-a824-6bc348a1c08d · outbound

This paper cites , author Lin, H.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Lin, H

Reference 30

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ef5da62f-95b8-47d3-97ff-299e1369cafe · outbound

This paper cites , author Jia, T.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Jia, T

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.230635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 90071b62-bd62-44a3-81c8-b369aaf42717 · outbound

This paper cites , year 2019.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 2019

Reference 32

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.986929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 9c79525f-fad4-46f7-b47e-4e59f4ebd086 · outbound

This paper cites , author Wallis, W.A.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Wallis, W.A

Reference 33

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 19e98d3b-2cd5-47de-a6b5-35833c29625e · outbound

This paper cites , author Li, Z.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Li, Z

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.564800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 5740f105-7b06-47bb-bc73-c6bceb988612 · outbound

This paper cites , author Caruso, G.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Caruso, G

Reference 35

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3c0cbbe7-731e-4005-8a23-9a06fa122e72 · outbound

This paper cites , author Uhl, J.H.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Uhl, J.H

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.555444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 96f93979-322c-45c8-a3ab-27d47b529b3f · outbound

This paper cites , author Uhl, J.H.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Uhl, J.H

Reference 37

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.970435Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 9254614a-1bb7-4a60-8b26-187756da319e · outbound

This paper cites , author Bettencourt, L.M.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Bettencourt, L.M

Reference 38

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bef94adf-9dde-48d4-914f-1a0d157bb829 · outbound

This paper cites , author Barthelemy, M.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Barthelemy, M

Reference 39

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.954600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation ded7cbab-5a17-45be-8912-4cb22890a75b · outbound

This paper cites title Usbuildingfootprints.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 title Usbuildingfootprints

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.546166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 8467647e-1f8b-4594-bdbc-5928b314b3a6 · outbound

This paper cites , author Rybski, D.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Rybski, D

Reference 41

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e35cb4e-2d88-479b-a393-3efb21951fcc · outbound

This paper cites , author Rybski, D.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Rybski, D

Reference 42

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.938141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 3283f9c3-4465-474b-952f-5657e160bbb4 · outbound

This paper cites , author Rybski, D.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Rybski, D

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.536582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation b2e50385-21f9-4dcf-b9c7-c3f24d2df34b · outbound

This paper cites , author Moses, M.E.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Moses, M.E

Reference 44

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.928800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation a7f2d446-600b-4e49-8e86-2a61686e5d7b · outbound

This paper cites , author Giometto, A.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Giometto, A

Reference 45

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.918413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 8489b5a1-ea0d-4753-b3da-2835f9611278 · outbound

This paper cites , author Burghardt, K.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Burghardt, K

Reference 46

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.907431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 0244694b-5218-410b-9986-645b73c234d9 · outbound

This paper cites , author Leyk, S.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Leyk, S

Reference 47

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.897175Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 87f3479d-dbf5-4b44-abb6-a5a31cfe9251 · outbound

This paper cites , author Leyk, S.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Leyk, S

Reference 48

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.887796Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 9c1b99f4-2103-4b7a-bace-859d8c1b4ef3 · outbound

This paper cites , author Leyk, S.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Leyk, S

Reference 49

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation dd96dfd8-55ca-40e4-8289-de58db3e795b · outbound

This paper cites , author Leyk, S.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , author Leyk, S

Reference 50

Resolution: malformed identifier; doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:47.868369Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation b3eb84a2-2fc0-48ff-89dd-5c997f44f188 · outbound

This paper cites Geological Survey, N.G.T.O.C.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 Geological Survey, N.G.T.O.C

Reference 51

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.526801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Observation 92e7ab56-7c8b-465f-a792-c8ddbce6cb81 · outbound

This paper cites , year 1949.

Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015 , year 1949

Reference 52

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T13:25:48.515146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 1f31b374-be41-4e80-9fbe-a281c4954bd4 · inbound

CHRONEX-US: City-level historical road network expansion dataset for the conterminous United States cites this paper.

CHRONEX-US: City-level historical road network expansion dataset for the conterminous United States Universal Patterns in the Long-term Growth of Urban Infrastructure in U.S. Cities from 1900 to 2015

Reference 2015

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T19:25:35.254514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.