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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 9 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.03860.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.03860 v1

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.495495Z

measured 28 of 28 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 9 of 9 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T00:48:18.284249Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy11
  • unresolved8
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation eefbce7f-5c3a-4ff4-97e0-87fbd460bb7a · outbound

This paper cites Future Tax Rate**: If this person's tax rate decreases in retirement, traditional might be more beneficial because they'd pay lower taxes on withdrawals.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Future Tax Rate**: If this person's tax rate decreases in retirement, traditional might be more beneficial because they'd pay lower taxes on withdrawals

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.818202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.403560Z digest=sha256:2799995acb87176c8acd73ba4b5b688c19f303a98a1ec38ea1bbdde5d1d507c9

Observation 1ea0f2ea-cca2-48d6-bdcf-3fc37aa9f251 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.804003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.409144Z digest=sha256:21e2264f80f3c22f0406e24d34014660560925f2875a83c4919f02cea2418ebe

Observation f168a5ef-8a76-4695-abd7-31dc7b48e109 · outbound

This paper cites yes," "maybe,.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation yes," "maybe,

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.790367Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.414090Z digest=sha256:41d97ba81ba1035fd6a1dd82904274214d4e93e1cfa98aca43c11b391ac9c867

Observation b4faf427-c45f-49e1-98dd-b9be50d65b0e · outbound

This paper cites 5 Minutes a Day to Cleaner Floors.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation 5 Minutes a Day to Cleaner Floors

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.773653Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.420092Z digest=sha256:03d0711afe25035056337c8eb791eb16a37f689e2e70841cb67b01d379b95e08

Observation 26af0dac-ca08-4a1e-af3e-32cb92b2a6ce · outbound

This paper cites A Day in the Life.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation A Day in the Life

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.758537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.424993Z digest=sha256:9616ca0265cf1842333ea14995d542603f7a5d49f9292b99a0309873e0fb39ec

Observation 9c050725-4ed8-4013-b5f8-c8b96e541fd7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.742666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.429846Z digest=sha256:f4cca46b0645cb44d298506701e9a708fe91d436ad76adf45e74e9963170d0d0

Observation f1b3b102-af2f-4c7d-a11b-f8eb5aabc3f8 · outbound

This paper cites Share Your Cleaning Hacks.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Share Your Cleaning Hacks

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.728149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.434754Z digest=sha256:90c0b0dc3972bfcbf433269ea8b2cd790f013dc287b35c4277bdc0a5cae2465c

Observation 29f87209-00c8-4705-8307-dad1c3a017ed · outbound

This paper cites This can be achieved using bit manipulation, where each number from 0 to 2ˆn - 1 (where n is the number of elements in the array) represents a subsequence.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation This can be achieved using bit manipulation, where each number from 0 to 2ˆn - 1 (where n is the number of elements in the array) represents a subsequence

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.713113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.440437Z digest=sha256:7a7eacfdc359ad7d437f480663c89def91e31329111719257f5a9db741f8006b

Observation 4f6f50e6-b943-4009-8990-2f1fba873172 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.697352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.445203Z digest=sha256:c3ed4f1c988c4891b4e34940f33b6a4a56c1f51500db57f87dfc42a47d2648e1

Observation 599c5c44-a71a-4823-af7b-7896bcb844f9 · outbound

This paper cites This means the total number of subsequences (2ˆn) can be very large, but we don't actually need to compute the XOR of each subsequence individually.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation This means the total number of subsequences (2ˆn) can be very large, but we don't actually need to compute the XOR of each subsequence individually

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.681493Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.450419Z digest=sha256:b48cd47cedc93f55a31fee824b2fb0b9d43bad34f4f80337f4965bb4b8ef0b02

Observation f2a64237-dbba-4e97-9d0e-9184d436334a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.662685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.456255Z digest=sha256:d9d365f1bded342c08bafdae8cdb0bdaf8a317b3a95833c516ed751f7cc69c28

Observation 0f0f939e-d0c4-4b73-9082-cafc231a8e4d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.644420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.460939Z digest=sha256:db831609bac1b94ae46b0c3f6d01c4cf89490f4a199145a4218d57f1586e8712

Observation fcc4baa3-d98a-4847-8e9e-577c7abd7b77 · outbound

This paper cites This effectively incorporates the XOR contribution of `num` across all possible subsequences into the `result`.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation This effectively incorporates the XOR contribution of `num` across all possible subsequences into the `result`

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.628953Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.465576Z digest=sha256:285e4d0f6c6a4fb05c2288dc105fc25b0c872dd72319dcb70d4a158e3e201c8f

Observation 8adf5fe0-a9e5-4f4a-9d72-6c036e398d6a · outbound

This paper cites story":.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation story":

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.612309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.470568Z digest=sha256:ccf13e4327f74752848955c30d6d404c51b6accbff31afcb8e40786ac20a32f9

Observation de5e19b1-3edc-42cb-aed9-eff7221734ba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.579446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.481281Z digest=sha256:58663811200d5dc4faae09ff062546289d7e86186d69d6d36dfac6a63458fb1e

Observation bdcd8d28-73cf-4910-83c8-90f57580e8e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.563428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.486164Z digest=sha256:7b7e105fc0651c628b87102ec69218951b08aad1addca9f69dff77bc0e33c241

Observation a4374e64-f0dd-4203-9be1-8eadafeb1f24 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.548600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.490807Z digest=sha256:11d74e1a6ec5a2f961f740f33a26202779391f2aa807f9f990d04a94d378f426

Observation 42e5a0c3-5f64-42b2-9157-d32160cdb112 · outbound

This paper cites ,→ ,→ To safely engage with such communications, it's crucial to verify the sender's identity and the company's existence independently before responding or sharing any information.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation ,→ ,→ To safely engage with such communications, it's crucial to verify the sender's identity and the company's existence independently before responding or sharing any information

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.533405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.495495Z digest=sha256:86c661ef9d1187fcdbde10d9a29f5bf542eaa0ac389db4d7dd50b14c51519f1b

Observation 6ae717b7-8abc-4334-9f11-c5a35bab32a2 · outbound

This paper cites King of Great Britain and Ireland.

BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation King of Great Britain and Ireland

Reference 1625

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T00:31:16.595699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-09T00:31:16.476000Z digest=sha256:265bc9a294566d699b845fa02236f4df83a8e253dea4bd32a45d3eb6b5eae115

Pith citing papers

Observation 2363d3b7-9377-4d32-9db5-09092da5a1e8 · inbound

Learning to Reason under Off-Policy Guidance cites this paper.

Learning to Reason under Off-Policy Guidance BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 43

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T23:17:02.844422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T23:17:02.701393Z digest=sha256:11409995ba1ee089839d0e3397660a2cd36ba8e58bf3df938edc20ff27d09551

Observation d5a4c359-f170-489e-a3c1-39dcea9c93f7 · inbound

A Survey of Slow Thinking-based Reasoning LLMs using Reinforced Learning and Inference-time Scaling Law cites this paper.

A Survey of Slow Thinking-based Reasoning LLMs using Reinforced Learning and Inference-time Scaling Law BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 76

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T00:48:18.284249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T00:48:18.284249Z digest=sha256:433023b479f49f71a7f265bb97dbc3224350c788629f5ba1885060d7f2bd1f20

Observation 3a048843-cba1-445b-9b08-d3ab0762f901 · inbound

Think or Not? Exploring Thinking Efficiency in Large Reasoning Models via an Information-Theoretic Lens cites this paper.

Think or Not? Exploring Thinking Efficiency in Large Reasoning Models via an Information-Theoretic Lens BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:43:27.098235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:43:27.098235Z digest=sha256:cd418fb713866803d00f6fc1cd0514aefd3027c15b1eb19283458e8308ef3455

Observation 7a2ccf24-1ca3-47b3-868e-26c56f619e68 · inbound

Universal Reasoner: A Single, Composable Plug-and-Play Reasoner for Frozen LLMs cites this paper.

Universal Reasoner: A Single, Composable Plug-and-Play Reasoner for Frozen LLMs BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 29

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T01:20:52.209043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T01:16:51.288077Z digest=sha256:4d863ccc24277b1517c5585bdee1110456aa7ef26cabaa211af2cb5bf3bf2dec

Observation 7386175c-0d20-478c-8879-b89f2fd30cf5 · inbound

One Missing Piece for Open-Source Reasoning Models: A Dataset to Mitigate Cold-Starting Short CoT LLMs in RL cites this paper.

One Missing Piece for Open-Source Reasoning Models: A Dataset to Mitigate Cold-Starting Short CoT LLMs in RL BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:30:40.270967Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T11:30:40.270967Z digest=sha256:37d023877c2d223c171719d438ec25005723f325575c88b51bcba633392412a4

Observation ab19e190-b729-4659-9fa9-87ec4f05e7b5 · inbound

Beyond Isolated Capabilities: Bridging Long CoT Reasoning and Long-Context Understanding cites this paper.

Beyond Isolated Capabilities: Bridging Long CoT Reasoning and Long-Context Understanding BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:50:51.200405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T15:50:51.200405Z digest=sha256:1c03b57368a11e805254204e4885ef7bf78d0c4b58955335ae13a7ee6f91dff3

Observation b9b2d1a3-e05d-4e91-8ad3-fd00ef981a9d · inbound

Post Reasoning: Improving the Performance of Non-Thinking Models at No Cost cites this paper.

Post Reasoning: Improving the Performance of Non-Thinking Models at No Cost BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 72

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T20:06:09.061256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-08T10:19:08.451445Z digest=sha256:8e29cee2064f14ac80549291e5fcd3e484ddaa11afd352c59bc28ed109cfd454

Observation 68095818-25cc-4377-b612-6004dd7d0893 · inbound

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes cites this paper.

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 185

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-27T13:00:56.053189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-27T12:59:51.091008Z digest=sha256:1f91f2ded9df955544082b765a87ffbbd0b6c0d8fc0e58d88bf11c227347f8e4

Observation b5f95e2e-9572-4071-91f2-a7db4c64e899 · inbound

Chained Recursive Language Models for Multi-Iteration Reasoning cites this paper.

Chained Recursive Language Models for Multi-Iteration Reasoning BOLT: Bootstrap Long Chain-of-Thought in Language Models without Distillation

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T04:47:21.087601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T04:47:21.087601Z digest=sha256:e146ac33e4a7aed19f78120fab0432a612287982f81a1b4e5aca64d2249c854f