Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 43 of 43 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.07459.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.07459 v1

Coverage vector

measured 43 of 43 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.102727Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

43 of 43 outbound references displayed

verified exact6
verified fuzzy1
unresolved36
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 26f2e0af-2ba4-4a07-a0bb-20284909b3b8 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.961598Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7a9c720a-46b7-4eee-9a8e-c24b5a4db3c8 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.966475Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c1274dea-e37d-43ad-8582-0f2ac41cc426 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.951570Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 77e831a6-a530-4bc5-a183-f15304831be7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:51.020094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation ab309018-74f3-434d-a12c-8c7dbddd341d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.977432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d0a7326c-c7a0-4cef-8353-1e4a0f0366c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.981349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8dafc07b-a551-4b94-ae0f-5cd35308d3b1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.985186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d473368e-3cda-4e2c-81b3-dc4e63b93a3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.793494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d8edc985-0857-4ae5-acff-b7c922bd6a39 · outbound

This paper cites Yu, Qiang Yang, and Xing Xie.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Yu, Qiang Yang, and Xing Xie

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.991619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 92596cc5-b80b-4a26-9163-5afad6b148a7 · outbound

This paper cites CulturalBench: A Robust, Diverse, and Challenging Cultural Benchmark by Human-AI CulturalTeaming.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian CulturalBench: A Robust, Diverse, and Challenging Cultural Benchmark by Human-AI CulturalTeaming

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:49.994920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4e831917-2f11-45ed-a5b4-30e05da9f917 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.597476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 9116d9a7-42dc-4817-b668-4467327d0ef3 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.001377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9fe0c8ef-a882-40e2-9c02-6c642826ea1d · outbound

This paper cites Massively Multi-Cultural Knowledge Acquisition & LM Benchmarking.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Massively Multi-Cultural Knowledge Acquisition & LM Benchmarking

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.004967Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d7e90ae1-e4d2-482d-936d-399f16e956fa · outbound

This paper cites Khayyam Challenge (PersianMMLU): Is Your LLM Truly Wise to The Persian Language?.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Khayyam Challenge (PersianMMLU): Is Your LLM Truly Wise to The Persian Language?

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.008331Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 958934fd-befc-4451-9e68-f240596f3d56 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.011942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation abe5b663-e93c-4942-89dc-9ede3e80997f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.415269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 320facb2-a490-4db7-beae-6dbbf1e7bbb7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:51.006175Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 1c8583c8-9ff0-4a51-8b1d-1d745bb95a67 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.997532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d9c88302-59c7-4d2d-a867-5673a0716961 · outbound

This paper cites CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Models.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Models

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.026698Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 34ca9264-5d5a-4376-8ce2-14704ec2463c · outbound

This paper cites Manrai, Ajay K.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Manrai, Ajay K

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.988337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 8ae4f0b4-1b6e-43c7-a6a3-b013454a220b · outbound

This paper cites Cultural Alignment in Large Language Models: An Explanatory Analysis Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Cultural Alignment in Large Language Models: An Explanatory Analysis Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.032941Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 08d23644-7f43-4c35-b840-57739d8fc78e · outbound

This paper cites BLEnD: A Benchmark for LLMs on Everyday Knowledge in Diverse Cultures and Languages.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian BLEnD: A Benchmark for LLMs on Everyday Knowledge in Diverse Cultures and Languages

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.036231Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4c0aeb1c-04b0-4b70-bed9-e1c11ffed6df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.039294Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 95a47041-f0ce-47ee-af55-a692baec4427 · outbound

This paper cites Pretrained Language Models are Symbolic Mathematics Solvers too!.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Pretrained Language Models are Symbolic Mathematics Solvers too!

Reference 24

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.263929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation becaea96-e167-407e-b4ca-ac881a6a929a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.979684Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 610d8a12-5fba-4c62-8c0a-8c33bdc05da1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.049301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 06c5daad-53ef-49d2-a71f-228d2d4a047c · outbound

This paper cites NormAd: A Framework for Measuring the Cultural Adaptability of Large Language Models.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian NormAd: A Framework for Measuring the Cultural Adaptability of Large Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.052176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 943c327f-1b1b-4ffb-b798-2685c94fea61 · outbound

This paper cites GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.055198Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa96a224-2665-40fb-bc2e-01b39bc45e7f · outbound

This paper cites PersianMind: A Cross-Lingual Persian-English Large Language Model.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian PersianMind: A Cross-Lingual Persian-English Large Language Model

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.058667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 44b4d020-de0e-4d5d-a7b4-e4556505053d · outbound

This paper cites Can I introduce my boyfriend to my grandmother? Evaluating Large Language Models Capabilities on Iranian Social Norm Classification.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Can I introduce my boyfriend to my grandmother? Evaluating Large Language Models Capabilities on Iranian Social Norm Classification

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.062399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c3862c1-0356-46fb-a575-081b31224a84 · outbound

This paper cites Translating Across Cultures: LLMs for Intralingual Cultural Adaptation.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Translating Across Cultures: LLMs for Intralingual Cultural Adaptation

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.220577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 6e29a819-4cfb-41cf-a7fa-4423737b9cb9 · outbound

This paper cites MuSR: Testing the Limits of Chain-of-thought with Multistep Soft Reasoning.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian MuSR: Testing the Limits of Chain-of-thought with Multistep Soft Reasoning

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.068602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e0ceecfd-142f-47df-b321-00d0cca6ef59 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.071859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b12c45b2-74f1-40a1-91ea-f6e378d5dea0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.074860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7f4f0cd-741d-41ed-9429-c3be286543f2 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.077855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f1d14232-f094-4bf5-9c60-4be6a8095f51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.970797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 7b1b2d37-bb2f-4b3d-b34e-b65fb853719e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.961592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation d4108a8f-aff0-4e31-96d9-67fadbfdf131 · outbound

This paper cites Yamshchikov.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Yamshchikov

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.086563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 33ceb5e1-68d3-44b2-ae9c-5d3679928f80 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.089654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ea2f96d2-3e8f-498f-b68a-16b116c13416 · outbound

This paper cites MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmark.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmark

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.092666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ddc9003-7809-4c62-a39f-a642a9b91b23 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.095866Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1c6adeab-79c4-47bb-9f79-8f94e8091b94 · outbound

This paper cites How do Large Language Models Handle Multilingualism?.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian How do Large Language Models Handle Multilingualism?

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.099429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ed929fe-4b19-4699-91e1-6b76c1e7c62d · outbound

This paper cites Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Models.

PerCul: A Story-Driven Cultural Evaluation of LLMs in Persian Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Models

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T12:43:50.102727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.