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Fully non-Gaussian Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves

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arxiv 2403.06962 v1 pith:K6PYNFBU submitted 2024-03-11 astro-ph.CO gr-qc

classification astro-ph.COgr-qc
keywords non-gaussianityprimordialscalargravitationalscalar-inducedaccuracyamplitudedensity
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Scalar-induced Gravitational Waves (SIGWs) represent a particular class of primordial signals which are sourced at second-order in perturbation theory whenever a scalar fluctuation of the metric is present. They form a guaranteed Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) that, depending on the amplification of primordial scalar fluctuations, can be detected by GW detectors. The amplitude and the frequency shape of the scalar-induced SGWB can be influenced by the statistical properties of the scalar density perturbations. In this work we study the intuitive physics behind SIGWs and we analyze the imprints of local non-Gaussianity of the primordial curvature perturbation on the GW spectrum. We consider all the relevant non-Gaussian contributions up to fifth-order in the scalar seeds without any hierarchy, and we derive the related GW energy density $\Omega_{\rm GW}(f)$. We perform a Fisher matrix analysis to understand to which accuracy non-Gaussianity can be constrained with the LISA detector, which will be sensitive in the milli-Hertz frequency band. We find that LISA, neglecting the impact of astrophysical foregrounds, will be able to measure the amplitude, the width and the peak of the spectrum with an accuracy up to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4})$, while non-Gaussianity can be measured up to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$. Finally, we discuss the implications of our non-Gaussianity expansion on the fraction of Primordial Black Holes.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. A non-perturbative framework for N-point functions of locally non-Gaussian fields

    astro-ph.CO 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    N-point functions of locally non-Gaussian fields can be expanded in powers of the Gaussian correlation function using the Kibble-Slepian decomposition, with coefficients from one-point integrals; for an exponential-ta...

  2. Twisted echoes of an odd quartet: Scalar-induced gravitational waves as a probe of primordial parity-violation

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A parity-odd primordial trispectrum imprints measurable left-right asymmetry in scalar-induced gravitational waves, and the chirality ratio directly tracks the parity-odd to parity-even trispectrum amplitude ratio.

  3. Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and parity-violation through Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with next-generation ground-based interferometers

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    ET+CE forecast: injected SIGW parameters (A_p, f_peak, f_NL, tau_NL, parity-odd tau_tilde_NL) are recovered within 1-2 sigma despite an astrophysical foreground, but the chiral V-mode is sub-threshold (SNR 0.5-1.9).

  4. Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A Bayesian analysis shows that a future sub-solar PBH detection would make the primordial SIGW interpretation of PTA data favored over the SMBH interpretation, but this preference is driven by the detection prior.

  5. From Fluctuation to Polarization: Imprints of $O(1-10)\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ Curvature Perturbations in CMB B-modes from Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Scalar-induced gravitational waves from small-scale curvature perturbations can imprint detectable CMB B-mode polarization, giving future experiments a new window on the primordial power spectrum at k ~ 1-10 Mpc^-1.

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