Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:38:17.037405Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.12392.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:38:17.037405Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T16:07:30.821966Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
42 of 42 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z
Observation 986b9a51-ba5a-442c-b056-75302ff2b13e · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time The Surprising Effectiveness of Test-Time Training for Few-Shot Learning
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7573b81f-ef2f-46f0-b8d6-928fc77b82b8 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Qwen Technical Report
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 38bd0204-7d45-41d6-a50e-f718c2400647 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c6cc15dd-cc75-419f-8a0a-0ca998016cba · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 73273f8b-7451-4c14-bdc0-6fc91be149bf · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Learning How Hard to Think: Input-Adaptive Allocation of LM Computation
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c3eef4c6-626b-4496-bec7-3d797728c6bc · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Test-time training can close the natural distribution shift performance gap in deep learning based compressed sensing
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c13331ff-6287-4d59-8acc-3f7f42a7a7ec · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Test-time training with masked autoencoders.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 35:29374–29385, 2022
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation de5708aa-45a5-40a7-87d8-b6d6520f7581 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d08dbc8e-943e-4908-a970-5bbd07da5d4c · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 04b713be-57c2-414f-bd5c-c2d525023b2a · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 050b98c3-b7a7-4a8b-bada-11457ac3ce3e · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Parameter-efficient transfer learning for nlp
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 341ac7c5-d098-4b84-b1aa-7a438fe5725d · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models.ICLR, 1(2):3, 2022
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d3980604-bdb2-4681-9c7d-0dc3fdbac35e · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time C-eval: A multi-level multi-discipline chinese evaluation suite for foundation models.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:62991–63010, 2023
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e7d67827-d582-48df-b1f9-7d6f4ef54b2c · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time A Survey of Test-Time Compute: From Intuitive Inference to Deliberate Reasoning
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fe6deb32-b237-471c-a812-1e017f76f086 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 52d4ba75-e817-4553-ad86-78f8dd9a3b45 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8a7e0f14-ebde-48ff-be69-7d0b1c2def29 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 02772e5a-6f2f-4b64-95a9-e3ef28d7b969 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time A Survey on LLM Test-Time Compute via Search: Tasks, LLM Profiling, Search Algorithms, and Relevant Frameworks
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ca01e10-82d6-4c5b-bc2c-171388286475 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Can 1B LLM Surpass 405B LLM? Rethinking Compute-Optimal Test-Time Scaling
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e84261a0-1bfe-46af-906c-ab656e6e042d · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time P-Tuning v2: Prompt Tuning Can Be Comparable to Fine-tuning Universally Across Scales and Tasks
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation feedad1f-a017-45ea-b62b-ffe4e02c4fe2 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Ttt++: When does self-supervised test-time training fail or thrive?Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 34:21808–21820, 2021
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3bdb711e-f310-4e16-8474-8d909e164ffe · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 33c4cd93-3ea7-403c-8d5c-fc70557544d2 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e752f4b3-7b39-4de7-b8c4-3264b7c11ae7 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Adaptive Inference-Time Compute: LLMs Can Predict if They Can Do Better, Even Mid-Generation
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c6303c76-ab54-481f-a432-3ae39a21d958 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Rethinking the Role of Demonstrations: What Makes In-Context Learning Work?
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 09d81cfd-dc9a-43bd-baa1-17059074609d · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Improving Black-box Robustness with In-Context Rewriting
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 088ed9d4-eccb-4cf5-b1f0-49a5e60867f7 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Tttflow: Unsupervised test-time training with normalizing flow
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4653fa01-6f0f-4a58-89f0-457f52d14f08 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Gpqa: A graduate-level google-proof q&a benchmark
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 60f8ee74-291c-4823-9140-bfc16300c2c4 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Towards real-world test-time adaptation: Tri-net self-training with balanced normalization
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 434269cb-6a58-4f86-ae91-c49652ab7c27 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Stop Overthinking: A Survey on Efficient Reasoning for Large Language Models
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5dd43cf7-598d-4a59-8e54-d04d7a48a18f · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Learning to (Learn at Test Time)
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2985d54d-e242-4666-bfa3-b984451a513b · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Test- time training with self-supervision for generalization under distribution shifts
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4045d2b4-f3dc-4d6e-a4cf-40acf894e090 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Tent: Fully Test-time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fbf0a411-64df-460b-acae-f9d75d19d280 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4407432e-bcf3-4586-93c4-dda52f9fc7bd · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Beyond Model Adaptation at Test Time: A Survey
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f7738cbe-275b-4833-83e5-26a53ddc0209 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Stta: enhanced text classification via selective test-time augmentation.PeerJ Computer Science, 9:e1757, 2023
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation fc4348f3-88b0-4e4d-886f-8fc7fc2a73ca · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Qwen2.5 Technical Report
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e3b0f746-0e29-4d0a-9b41-948f4c0e9bd4 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvement
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a45991d6-62c8-4263-b08a-3f53a23d45be · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models.Ad- vances in neural information processing systems, 36:11809–11822, 2023
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0c2265a9-7a01-4b92-a256-86071c0e2f5f · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time Benchmarking Reasoning Robustness in Large Language Models
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d4d6e143-130f-4034-b844-af8d5a89411e · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time On Pitfalls of Test-Time Adaptation
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3bad336c-8c0b-465e-88e6-291adcbcccc7 · outbound
SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time TTRL: Test-Time Reinforcement Learning
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8fb8a73f-287e-4ea6-a7d3-064619ab26af · inbound
Reinforcement Learning Meets Large Language Models: A Survey of Advancements and Applications Across the LLM Lifecycle SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eac35b3f-19ea-4b2f-b0b4-0324713cec3c · inbound
Self-Reflective Generation at Test Time SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b3c2337d-b6b2-40a8-8e46-7a20d768bf08 · inbound
From Exposure to Internalization: Dual-Stream Calibration for In-context Clinical Reasoning SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d68e740f-b228-4c32-bb1b-63e1ccb1f9e1 · inbound
Rethinking Entropy Minimization in Test-Time Adaptation for Autoregressive Models SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation dc5440c8-50dc-43f8-9f09-d48e2557360d · inbound
SOLAR: A Self-Optimizing Open-Ended Autonomous Agent for Lifelong Learning and Continual Adaptation SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e802226d-8ba5-45de-8ab2-7db931ba651c · inbound
From Reasoning Traces to Reusable Modules: Understanding Compositional Generalization in Language Model Reasoning SLOT: Sample-specific Language Model Optimization at Test-time
Reference 78
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.