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Fluid equations for fast-moving electroweak bubble walls

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arxiv 2007.10935 v3 pith:LXCQ56W3 submitted 2020-07-21 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords equationswallselectroweakfluidboltzmannbubbleperturbationsspeed
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The cosmological electroweak phase transition can be strongly first order in extended particle physics models. To accurately predict the speed and shape of the bubble walls during such a transition, Boltzmann equations for the CP-even fluid perturbations must be solved. We point out that the equations usually adopted lead to unphysical behavior of the perturbations, for walls traveling close to or above the speed of sound in the plasma. This is an artifact that can be overcome by more carefully truncating the full Boltzmann equation. We present an improved set of fluid equations, suitable for studying the dynamics of both subsonic and supersonic walls, of interest for gravitational wave production and electroweak baryogenesis.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Steady-state bubbles beyond local thermal equilibrium

    astro-ph.CO 2024-11 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A new matching condition that includes entropy production reveals that fast detonation bubble walls and slower deflagration walls can both be stable, with the fast solution typically winning in practice.

  2. Thermal Evolution and Hydrodynamic Filtering of Pseudoscalar Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Hydrodynamic shock heating in a deflagration phase transition enhances the filtered dark matter abundance by factors of 4.3, 5.8, and 32 for benchmark masses of 1.78, 2.30, and 5.03 TeV.

  3. Systematic derivation of the Boltzmann equation for electroweak baryogenesis

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Kadanoff-Baym derivation yields Boltzmann equations with self-energy-corrected quasiparticle shells, adding a CP-violating velocity and force correction for fermions and none for bosons.

  4. Benchmarking wall velocities in cosmological phase transitions: Fluid Ansatz and WallGo

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The fluid-Ansatz and WallGo methods agree for mild phase transitions but diverge by tens of percent for strong ones, where the semi-classical approximation itself may break down.

  5. Thermal Masses and Bubble-Wall Friction in Cosmological Phase Transitions

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Including thermal masses in both the Boltzmann source and collision terms removes the infrared gauge-boson enhancement, making W-boson friction subleading in the singlet-extended Standard Model.

  6. Electroweak Phase Transition and Bubble Wall Velocity in Local Thermal Equilibrium

    hep-ph 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Bubble wall velocities in local thermal equilibrium are computed for three BSM models and found to be nearly universal when expressed via the critical temperature and supercooling, with only deflagration solutions.

  7. The First Particles

    hep-ph 2025-01 unverdicted

    No new result: the paper is an expository review of reheating, electroweak baryogenesis, and leptogenesis in early universe cosmology.

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