Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.14729.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.14729 v3

Coverage vector

measured 47 of 47 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.109017Z

measured 47 of 47 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

47 of 47 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy1
unresolved42
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 5716fa4a-aed3-42fa-91d6-a9a9068ee9b1 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.859727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa47d2e9-5c91-415c-a3f2-56f1cc0f9800 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.866674Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b9d52f5f-daf5-4a87-907a-7897645fb91f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.872308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 35cb249f-c0f0-43c3-9f5a-45d852495640 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.877647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0058640-7901-4374-8e6a-f5cbf837f92c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.882766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df35aa01-37c1-4ac7-93cc-90ff226613a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.887997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cf1ca029-d835-4225-8db2-3ebadab4d59e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.139338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7d84afad-9b87-4026-9fc1-a535754a51e3 · outbound

This paper cites Inspecting the Geographical Representativeness of Images from Text-to-Image Models.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Inspecting the Geographical Representativeness of Images from Text-to-Image Models

Reference 8

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.738965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3efd86fc-5744-44a3-8412-cda14b133388 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.904434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4e2991b0-2a07-47a7-bf0b-1f1f185636d6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.909746Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e45b1e6-70d1-4b26-a45c-a67d29f323cf · outbound

This paper cites Self-Alignment: Improving Alignment of Cultural Values in LLMs via In-Context Learning.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Self-Alignment: Improving Alignment of Cultural Values in LLMs via In-Context Learning

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.914769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce459473-af5c-4fc2-8b28-4bbca4b62fc0 · outbound

This paper cites Aya Vision: Advancing the Frontier of Multilingual Multimodality.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Aya Vision: Advancing the Frontier of Multilingual Multimodality

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.919841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 14c0e452-af84-4f4f-8a27-7111a08268c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.113924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b4c94bb0-2952-4a73-b2f0-d1d95fb4d01c · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.930448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46411230-eb6c-4ad1-8437-73b201c0431a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.092131Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 66408cfa-6fce-4b18-adfa-577fb7eeffc4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.074069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 25b6a5b5-5928-4eb5-8bd3-386ebe07b57e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.054700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d98f1175-6f41-4999-a62a-ea9259709e68 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.030491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 35bc6a7f-5de7-477f-85ba-83c80b382665 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.956958Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fb1e286b-607e-4dc2-afa8-70ebffd53410 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:18.002103Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a2aafa34-0e3a-4da4-9eab-010a30d98757 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.967792Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e6761127-d27f-4325-8902-ba931b0491e7 · outbound

This paper cites CultureVLM: Characterizing and Improving Cultural Understanding of Vision-Language Models for over 100 Countries.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models CultureVLM: Characterizing and Improving Cultural Understanding of Vision-Language Models for over 100 Countries

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.972880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 876a4de2-8a16-4e80-9a21-8d48f8b4bc49 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.966696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 557f6bb1-1854-4ebc-a0dd-cdd2e153938c · outbound

This paper cites Lobell, and Stefano Ermon.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Lobell, and Stefano Ermon

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.949063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 735e40c5-0b0b-4c15-88c9-6a723747ed48 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.988087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0d52a1fd-41e9-4650-b384-ef6faa7175db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.993362Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 74d606b8-7a4f-4b2a-91a8-399b40cae023 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:16.998560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b979b2be-c85a-4eee-8967-261fabdcdd65 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.200079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c2de63cf-00c7-4e2d-8290-0525359dee3e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.927581Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ead122c0-382c-4f0d-8af8-a5c8ec260027 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.907877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e6221308-7730-40c2-9f40-79c415a143fc · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.021750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ca0c15d0-5851-47ad-925f-a07adc73f6b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.889297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 58183392-6181-4d72-95c4-f75101349a16 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.032600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ddd8233e-e6fa-409f-828b-2279ed849317 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.499460Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0420b74c-afd4-4c25-8c80-7369747b1e54 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.851472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 6eea46bd-4f5d-4e3f-874b-7217532a0fab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.828007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 234b6db6-33c2-431f-9307-55039ae5d0b4 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 3 Technical Report.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Gemma 3 Technical Report

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.052914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 65eca141-d1d5-4ff4-8ef9-18cae5544286 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.807309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation eecd8dd2-b711-471b-9de7-44c05e21d6f2 · outbound

This paper cites VisBias: Measuring Explicit and Implicit Social Biases in Vision Language Models.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models VisBias: Measuring Explicit and Implicit Social Biases in Vision Language Models

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.063885Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e21cd701-fcb8-4c66-a59b-309e8f4a92e4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.790077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b594d767-dc2b-43a4-85b7-9d8c7e29ddaa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.770545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 20255a84-d51b-41be-a6eb-b682276ad6a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.179962Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5a517a24-4528-4506-b350-06718171a294 · outbound

This paper cites WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisines

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.085810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f7e03409-1d76-4910-8ef3-e6906091d4e9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.092001Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df2e099e-d641-4f7e-bae5-7b0596c8f70d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.097102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 03122033-e2cc-46f3-9d64-222c197ba4ea · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.103448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 43949ad4-bf36-4ae7-9e4e-4899b5140e05 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Uncovering Cultural Representation Disparities in Vision-Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:14:17.109017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.