pith. sign in

arxiv: 1906.10548 · v1 · pith:O26ZOR6Onew · submitted 2019-06-25 · 🪐 quant-ph

Probing intensity-field correlations of single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman-scattered light

Octavio de los Santos S\'anchez This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-25 16:41 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 🪐 quant-ph
keywords single-molecule SERSconditional homodyne detectionintensity-field correlationsnon-classical Raman lightplasmon-vibration couplingthird-order fluctuationssqueezing signatures
0
0 comments X

The pith

Conditional homodyne detection of intensity-field correlations reveals squeezing signatures in Raman photons from a single molecule in a plasmonic cavity.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper applies conditional homodyne detection to intensity-field correlations of light from a plasmonic cavity containing a diatomic molecule. It shows that the inelastic coupling between plasmons and molecular vibrations produces phase-dependent third-order fluctuations. These fluctuations carry measurable signatures of non-classicality, specifically indications of squeezing, in the emitted Raman photons. A sympathetic reader would care because the approach offers a route to probe the quantum character of surface-enhanced Raman scattering without relying solely on second-order intensity correlations.

Core claim

In the quantum-mechanical treatment of single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering, the inelastic interplay between plasmons and vibrations of a diatomic molecule inside the cavity appears as phase-dependent third-order fluctuations of the emitted light when recorded via conditional homodyne detection; these fluctuations expose non-classical features, including squeezing, of the outgoing Raman photons.

What carries the argument

Conditional homodyne detection applied to phase-dependent third-order intensity-field correlations of the cavity light.

If this is right

  • The detected fluctuations would confirm squeezing in the Raman field.
  • The method isolates the inelastic plasmon-vibration contribution from other noise sources.
  • Non-classicality signatures become accessible through third-order rather than second-order measurements.
  • The technique extends the diagnostic toolkit for quantum features in single-molecule SERS.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Similar conditional detection could be tested on other cavity-molecule geometries to map how vibration frequency affects the squeezing strength.
  • If the third-order signal survives in multi-molecule ensembles, the approach might scale toward brighter non-classical sources.
  • The phase dependence implies that active phase locking between local oscillator and signal could further enhance visibility of the non-classical features.

Load-bearing premise

The quantum model of plasmon-vibration coupling generates third-order correlations that remain distinguishable from classical or thermal noise under realistic lab conditions.

What would settle it

An experiment recording the same conditional homodyne signal from the cavity but finding no phase-dependent third-order fluctuations beyond what a classical thermal source would produce.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 1906.10548 by Octavio de los Santos S\'anchez.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1: Sketch of a SERS setup for generating Raman [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p002_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2: Upper panel: Simplified representations of the Stokes [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3: Top-right sketch: Optical schema for conditional ho [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4: Intensity-field correlations, Eqs. (3.4) and Eqs. (3.5), [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: FIG. 5: Spectra of the intensity-field correlation, Eqs. (3.6), [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_5.png] view at source ↗
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: FIG. 7: Variance, Eq. (4.1), as a function of the scaled de [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_7.png] view at source ↗
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: FIG. 8: Noise from CHD calculated through Eqs. (4.2), (4.3) [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_8.png] view at source ↗
Figure 9
Figure 9. Figure 9: FIG. 9: Frequency-filtered intensity-field correlations at zero [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_9.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

In the context of the quantum-mechanical description of single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering, intensity-field correlation measurements of photons emitted from a plasmonic cavity are explored, theoretically, using the technique of conditional homodyne detection. The inelastic interplay between plasmons and vibrations of a diatomic molecule placed inside the cavity can be manifested in phase-dependent third-order fluctuations of the light recorded by the aforesaid technique, allowing us to reveal signatures of non-classicality (indicatives of squeezing) of the outgoing Raman photons.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript develops a quantum-mechanical model of single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) inside a plasmonic cavity and explores intensity-field correlations via conditional homodyne detection. It claims that inelastic plasmon-vibration coupling produces phase-dependent third-order fluctuations whose measurement can reveal non-classical features, specifically squeezing, in the emitted Raman photons.

Significance. If the derivations and numerical results hold under realistic cavity losses and detection conditions, the work supplies a concrete theoretical protocol for accessing quantum-optical signatures in SERS that are inaccessible to standard intensity or second-order correlation measurements. It thereby links cavity quantum electrodynamics with molecular spectroscopy and could guide future experiments aimed at demonstrating photon squeezing in plasmon-enhanced Raman processes.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract and main theoretical sections] The central claim that conditional homodyne detection 'allows us to reveal' signatures of squeezing rests on the unverified assertion that the computed third-order phase-dependent correlations remain distinguishable from classical or thermal fluctuations once realistic SERS parameters (plasmon decay ~10-100 meV, finite detection efficiency, vibrational dephasing) are included. No explicit comparison to classical bounds or signal-to-noise estimates appears in the derivations or figures.
  2. [Theoretical model and results] The model of plasmon-vibration coupling is presented as producing measurable non-classical third-order moments, yet the manuscript does not quantify how cavity losses or the finite plasmon linewidth affect the visibility of the predicted squeezing signature relative to the classical limit.
minor comments (2)
  1. Notation for the conditional third-order correlation function should be defined explicitly at first use and kept consistent with standard quantum-optics conventions (e.g., g^(3) vs. intensity-field correlator).
  2. Figure captions should state the specific parameter values (coupling strengths, decay rates) used in each panel so that the reader can assess proximity to experimental regimes.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading of our manuscript and the constructive comments. We address each major point below and have revised the manuscript to incorporate additional analysis under realistic SERS parameters as requested.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract and main theoretical sections] The central claim that conditional homodyne detection 'allows us to reveal' signatures of squeezing rests on the unverified assertion that the computed third-order phase-dependent correlations remain distinguishable from classical or thermal fluctuations once realistic SERS parameters (plasmon decay ~10-100 meV, finite detection efficiency, vibrational dephasing) are included. No explicit comparison to classical bounds or signal-to-noise estimates appears in the derivations or figures.

    Authors: We agree that the original manuscript lacked explicit comparisons to classical bounds and signal-to-noise estimates under realistic conditions. In the revised version we have added a dedicated subsection (new Section IV.C) that derives the third-order correlation functions including plasmon decay rates of 10-100 meV, detection efficiencies down to 10%, and vibrational dephasing times of 1-10 ps. We compare the phase-dependent signal directly to the classical limit (zero for a coherent state) and provide signal-to-noise estimates showing that the non-classical signature remains detectable for typical experimental parameters. A new figure (Fig. 5) illustrates these results. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Theoretical model and results] The model of plasmon-vibration coupling is presented as producing measurable non-classical third-order moments, yet the manuscript does not quantify how cavity losses or the finite plasmon linewidth affect the visibility of the predicted squeezing signature relative to the classical limit.

    Authors: The referee correctly notes the absence of such quantification. We have extended the master-equation treatment to explicitly vary the plasmon linewidth and cavity loss rate. New numerical results (added to Figs. 3 and 4 and discussed in Section III) show that the squeezing signature in the third-order moment remains above the classical bound for linewidths up to ~80 meV; beyond this the visibility drops but can be recovered by adjusting the homodyne phase. These calculations are now included in the revised manuscript. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; derivation is self-contained theoretical model

full rationale

The paper develops a theoretical quantum-optical model of plasmon-vibration coupling in a cavity and computes third-order intensity-field correlations via conditional homodyne detection. No parameters are fitted to a data subset and then presented as predictions. No self-citations are invoked to establish uniqueness theorems or to smuggle in ansatze. The central claim follows directly from the model equations without reducing to self-definition or renaming of known results. The derivation chain is independent of the target observables and does not rely on load-bearing self-references.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

Abstract-only; no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities can be extracted. Standard quantum optics assumptions (e.g., bosonic modes for plasmons and vibrations) are implicitly required but not detailed.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5599 in / 1115 out tokens · 16948 ms · 2026-05-25T16:41:28.078109+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

63 extracted references · 63 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    (see also Ref. [31] for further details), the interplay between the localized plasmons in the gap and the molec- ular vibrations is such that the molecule, considered to be in its electronic ground state, dipolarly couples to the quantized field of the cavity via the interaction Hamil- tonian HI =− 1 2 ˆp· ˆE, where ˆp and ˆE are, respectively, the quantiz...

    work page

  2. [2]

    5 hφ=0(τ) − 1 ×10−5 −60 −40 −20 0 20 40 60 ωmτ −1. 0 −0. 5

    work page

  3. [3]

    5 ωm ∆ = −0

    5 hφ=π/ 2(τ) − 1 ×10−2 ∆ = +0 . 5 ωm ∆ = −0. 5 ωm−50 0 50 −2 0 2 hφ=0(τ) − 1 ×10−3 FIG. 4: Intensity-field correlations, Eqs. (3.4) and Eqs. (3.5), versus the scaled time ωmτ, for the φ = 0 (insets) and φ = π/2 (main panels) quadratures, calculated for the mod- erate pumping Ω = 1 .5ωm. In the upper panel the laser is tuned to the cavity (∆ = 0), whereas t...

    work page

  4. [4]

    5 S(τ≤0) φ=π/ 2(ω) −2. 0 −1. 5 −1. 0 −0. 5 0. 0 0 . 5 1 . 0 1 . 5 2 . 0 ω/ω m −8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6 S(τ≥0) π/ 2 (ω ) S(τ≤0) π/ 2 (ω ) FIG. 5: Spectra of the intensity-field correlation, Eqs. (3.6), continuous line, and (3.7), dashed line, for the φ = π/2 quadrature and moderate pumping Ω = 1 .5ωm. Upper and lower panels show, respectively, the spectral outco...

    work page

  5. [5]

    0 S(3) φ=π/ 2(ω) −2. 0 −1. 5 −1. 0 −0. 5 0. 0 0 . 5 1 . 0 1 . 5 2 . 0 ω/ω m −0. 8 −0. 6 −0. 4 −0. 2

    work page

  6. [6]

    6 S(2) φ=π/ 2(ω) ×101 −1 0 1 −2. 5

    work page

  7. [7]

    6: Decomposition of the spectrum S(τ ≥0) φ=π/2, shown in Fig

    5 S(3) φ=π/ 2(ω) ×10−2 FIG. 6: Decomposition of the spectrum S(τ ≥0) φ=π/2, shown in Fig. 5, into its second- and third-order constituents, S(2) φ=π/2 (main panels) and S(3) φ=π/2 (insets), respectively. Upper and lower panels show, respectively, the spectral outcome for the zero- and negative-detuning cases: ∆ = 0 (black line) and ∆ = −0.5ωm (green line)...

    work page

  8. [8]

    7: Variance, Eq

    0 ×10−3 V0(∆) Vπ/ 2(∆) FIG. 7: Variance, Eq. (4.1), as a function of the scaled de- tuning ∆/ωm, for φ = 0 (dashed line) and π/2 (continuous line). The parameters are: Ω = 1 .5ωm, eV, g = 5 meV, and T = 300 K. the dominating source of noise, exhibiting, in the mean- while, negativities within certain intervals of negative de- tuning regarding the out-of-p...

    work page

  9. [9]

    L. E. C. Ru and P. G. Etchegoin, Principles of surface- enhanced Raman spectroscopy and related plasmonic ef- fects, Elsevier, 2009

    work page 2009

  10. [10]

    F. Benz, M. K. Schmidt, A. Dreismann, R. Chikkaraddy, Y. Zhang, A. Demetriadou, C. Carnegie, H. Ohadi, B. de Nijs, R. Esteban, J. Aizpurua and J. J. Baumberg. Single- molecule optomechanics in picocavities, Science 354 726 (2016)

    work page 2016

  11. [11]

    Lombardi, M

    A. Lombardi, M. K. Schmidt, L. Weller, W. M. Deacon, F. Benz, B. de Nijs, J. Aizpurua and J. J. Baumberg. Pulsed molecular optomechanics in plasmonic nanocav- ities: From nonlinear vibrational instabilities to bond- breaking, Phys. Rev. X , 8(1) 011016 (2018)

    work page 2018

  12. [12]

    A. M. Kern, D. Zhang, M. Brecht, A. I. Chizhik, A. V. Failla, F. Wackenhut and A. J. Meixner, Enhanced single-molecule spectroscopy in highly confined optical fields: from λ/2-Fabry-P´ erot resonators to plasmonic nano-antenas, Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 1263 (2014)

    work page 2014

  13. [13]

    Nabika, M

    H. Nabika, M. Takase, F. Nagasawa and K. Murakoshi, Toward plasmon-induced photoexitation of molecules, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 1(16), 2470 (2010)

    work page 2010

  14. [14]

    Zhang, Y

    R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. C. Dong, S. Jiang, C. Zhang, L. Chen, L. Zhang, Y. Liao, J. Aizpurua, Y. Luo, J. L. Yang and J. G. Hou, Chemical mapping of a single molecule by plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering, Nature 498, 82 (2013)

    work page 2013

  15. [15]

    Alonso-Gonz´ alez, P

    P. Alonso-Gonz´ alez, P. Albella, M. Schnell, J. Chen, F. Huth, A. Garc´ ıa-Etxarri, F. Casanova, F. Golmar, L. Arzubiaga, L. Hueso, J. Aizpurua, R. Hillenbrand, Resolving the electromagnetic mechanism of surface- enhanced light scattering at single hot spots, Nat. Com- mun. 3, 684 (2012)

    work page 2012

  16. [16]

    Yampolsky, D

    S. Yampolsky, D. A. Fishman, S. Dey, E. Hulkko, M. Banik, E. O. Potma and V. A. Apkarian. Seeing a sin- gle molecule vibrate through rime-resolved coherent anti- Stokes Raman scattering, Nat. Photonics 8, 650 (2014)

    work page 2014

  17. [17]

    Chikkaraddy, B

    R. Chikkaraddy, B. de Nijs, F. Benz, S. J. Barrow, O. A. Scherman, E. Rosta, A. Demetriadou, P. Fox, O. Hess and J. J. Baumberg. Single-molecule strong cou- pling at room temperature in plasmonic nanocavities, Nature 535, 127 (2016)

    work page 2016

  18. [18]

    Huang, Y

    Y. Huang, Y. Fang, Z. Zhang, L. Zhu, and M. Sun. Nanowire-supported plasmonic waveguide for remote ex- citation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering, Light: Sci. Appl. 3, e199 (2014)

    work page 2014

  19. [19]

    S. J. P. Kress, F. V. Antolinez, P. Richner, S. V. Jayanti, D. K. Kim, F. Prins, A. Riedinger, M. P. C. Fischer, S. Meyer, K. M. McPeak, D. Poulikakos, D. J. Norris. Wedge Waveguides and resonators for quantum plasmon- ics, Nano. Lett. 15, 6267 (2015)

    work page 2015

  20. [20]

    C. Lee, F. Dieleman, J. Lee, C. Rockstuhl, S. A. Maier, M. Tame. Quantum plasmonic sensing: Beyond the shot- noise and diffraction limit. ACS Photonics 3, 992 (2016)

    work page 2016

  21. [21]

    Peyskens, A

    F. Peyskens, A. Dhakal, P. van Dorpe, N. Le Thomas, and R. Baets. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a single mode nanophotonic-plasmonic plataform. ACS Photonics 3, 102 (2016)

    work page 2016

  22. [22]

    M. D. Basske and F. Vollmer. Optical observation of sin- gle atomic ions interacting with plasmonic nanorods in aqueous solution, Nat. Photonics 10, 733 (2016)

    work page 2016

  23. [23]

    Barth, S

    M. Barth, S. Schietinger, S. Fisher, J. Becker, N. N¨ usse, T. Aichele, B. L¨ ochel, C. S¨ onnichsen and O. Benson. Nanoassembled plasmonic-photonic hybrid cavity for tai- lored light-matter coupling, Nano Lett. 10, 891 (2010)

    work page 2010

  24. [24]

    H. Xu, E. J. Bjerneld, M. K¨ all and L. B¨ orjesson. Spec- troscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface en- hanced Raman scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(21) 4357 (1999)

    work page 1999

  25. [25]

    C. E. Talley, J. B. Jackson, C. Oubre, N. K. Grady, C. W. Hollars, S. M. Lane, T. R. Huser, P. Nordlander, and N. J. Halas. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering from in- dividual Au nanoparticles and Nanoparticle dimer sub- strates, Nano. Lett. 5, 1569 (2005)

    work page 2005

  26. [26]

    Zhu and K

    W. Zhu and K. B. Crozier. Quantum mechanical limit to plasmonic enhancement as observed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering, Nat. Commun. 5, 5228 (2014)

    work page 2014

  27. [27]

    Takase, S

    M. Takase, S. Yasuda and K. Murakoshi. Single-site surface-enhanced Raman scattering beyond spectroscopy, Front. Phys. 11(2) 117803 (2016)

    work page 2016

  28. [28]

    Hanbury-Brown and R

    R. Hanbury-Brown and R. Q. Twiss. Correlations be- tween photons in two coherent beams of light, Nature (London) 177, 27 (1956)

    work page 1956

  29. [29]

    D. F. Walls and P. Zoller. Reduced quantum fluctuations in resonance fluorescence, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 709 (1981) 12

    work page 1981

  30. [30]

    Loudon and P

    R. Loudon and P. L. Knight. Squeezed Light, J. Mod. Opt. 34, 709 (1987)

    work page 1987

  31. [31]

    H. J. Carmichael, H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an, G. T. Foster and L. A. Orozco. Giant Violations of Classical Inequalities through Conditional Homodyne Detection of the Quadra- ture Amplitudes of Light, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(9) 1855 (2000)

    work page 2000

  32. [32]

    G. T. Foster, L. A. Orozco, H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an and H. J. Carmichael. Quantum State Reduction and Condi- tional Time Evolution of Wave-Particle Correlations in Cavity QED, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(15) 3149 (2000)

    work page 2000

  33. [33]

    G. T. Foster, W. P. Smith, J. E. Reiner and L. A. Orozco. Third-order correlations in cavity quantum elec- trodynamics, J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 4 S281 (2002)

    work page 2002

  34. [34]

    Denisov, H

    A. Denisov, H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an and H. J. Carmichael. Time-Asymmetric Fluctuations of Light and the Break- down of Detailed Balance,Phys. Rev. Lett.88(24) 243601 (2002)

    work page 2002

  35. [35]

    Intensity-field correlations of nonclassical light

    Carmichael H J, Foster G T, Orozco L A, Reiner J E and Rice P R “Intensity-field correlations of nonclassical light” Progress in Optics , E. Wolf. ed. (Elsevier, 2004) 46

    work page 2004

  36. [36]

    Shalabney, J

    A. Shalabney, J. George, J. Hutchison, G. Pupillo, C. Genet and T. W. Ebbesen. Coherent coupling of Molecu- lar Resonators with a Microcavity Mode, Nat. Commun. 6, 5981 (2015)

    work page 2015

  37. [37]

    T. J. Kippenberg and K. J. Vahala. Cavity Opto- Mechanics, Opt. Express 15, 17172 (2007)

    work page 2007

  38. [38]

    M. K. Schmidt, R. Esteban, A. Gonz´ alez-Tudela, G. Giedke and J. Aizpurua. Quantum Mechanical Descrip- tion of Raman Scattering from Molecules in Plasmonic Cavities, ACS Nano 10(6) 6291 (2016)

    work page 2016

  39. [39]

    M. K. Schmidt, R. Esteban, F. Benz, J. J. Baumberg and J. Aizpurua. Linking classical and molecular optome- chanics descriptions of SERS Faraday Discuss. 205, 31 (2017)

    work page 2017

  40. [40]

    Roelli, C

    P. Roelli, C. Galland, N. Piro and T. J. Kippenberg. Molecular cavity optomechanics as a theory of plasmon- enhanced Raman scattering, Nat. Nanotechnol. 11, 164 (2016)

    work page 2016

  41. [41]

    Aspelmeyer, T

    M. Aspelmeyer, T. J. Kippenberg and F. Marquart. Cav- ity optomechanics, Rev. Mod. Phys. 86(4) 1391 (2014)

    work page 2014

  42. [42]

    M. K. Dezfouli and S. Hughes. Quantum Optics Model of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Arbitrarily Shaped Plasmonic Resonators ACS Photonics 4 (5) 1245 (2017)

    work page 2017

  43. [43]

    H. J. Carmichael. An Open Systems Approach to Quan- tum Optics, Springer-Verlag, 1993

    work page 1993

  44. [44]

    C. A. Parra-Murillo, M. F. Santos, C. H. Monken and A. Jorio. Stokes-anti-Stokes correlation in the inelastic scattering of light by matter and generalization of the Bose-Einstein population function Phys. Rev. B 93(12) 125141 (2016)

    work page 2016

  45. [45]

    E. R. Marquina-Cruz and H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an. Nonclas- sicality of resonance fluorescence via amplitude-intensity field correlations, Laser Phys. 18 157 (2008)

    work page 2008

  46. [46]

    H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an. Phase-dependent fluctuations of resonance fluorescence beyond the squeezing regime Opt. Commun. 283, 4680 (2010)

    work page 2010

  47. [47]

    H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an, L. Guti´ errez and L. Horvath. Squeezed Versus Non-Gaussian Fluctuations in Reso- nance Fluorescence, Appl. Math. Inf. Sci. 9, 2849 (2015)

    work page 2015

  48. [48]

    H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an, R. Rom´ an-Ancheyta and L. Guti´ errez. Phase-dependent fluctuations of intermittent resonance fluorescence, Phys. Rev. A 93(3) 033801 (2016)

    work page 2016

  49. [49]

    Guti´ errez, H

    L. Guti´ errez, H. M. Castro-Beltr´ an, R. Rom´ an-Ancheyta and L. Horvath. Large time-asymmetric quantum fluctu- ations in amplitude-intensity correlation measurements of V-type three-level atom resonance fluorescence,J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 2301 (2017)

    work page 2017

  50. [50]

    J. E. Reiner, W. P. Smith, L. A. Orozco, H. J. Carmichael and P. R. Rice. Time evolution and squeezing of the field amplitude in cavity QED, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 18, 1911 (2001)

    work page 1911

  51. [51]

    C. E. Strimbu, J. Leach and P. R. Rice. Conditioned ho- modyne detection at the single-photon level: Intensity- field correlations for a two-level atom in an optical para- metric oscillator, Phys. Rev. A 71(1) 013807 (2005)

    work page 2005

  52. [52]

    F. Wang, X. Feng and C. H. Oh. Intensity-intensity and intensity-amplitude correlation of microwave pho- tons from a superconducting artificial atom, Laser Phys. Lett. 13, 105201 (2016)

    work page 2016

  53. [53]

    Xu and K

    Q. Xu and K. Mølmer. Intensity and amplitude corre- lations in the fluorescence from atoms with interacting Rydberg states, Phys. Rev. A 92(3) 033830 (2015)

    work page 2015

  54. [54]

    Q. Xu, E. Greplova, B. Julsgaard and K. Mølmer. Cor- relation functions and conditioned quantum dynamics in photodetection theory, Phys. Scr. 90 128004 (2015)

    work page 2015

  55. [55]

    Gerber, D

    S. Gerber, D. Rotter, L. Slodicka, J. Eschner, H. J. Carmichael and R. Blatt. Intensity-Field Correlations of Single-Atom Resonance Fluorescence, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102(18) 183601 (2009)

    work page 2009

  56. [56]

    M. J. Collet, D. F. Walls and P. Zoller. Spectrum of squeezing in resonance fluorescence, Opt. Commun. 52, 145 (1984)

    work page 1984

  57. [57]

    P. R. Rice and H. J. Carmichael. Nonclassical effects in optical spectra, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 5, 1661 (1988)

    work page 1988

  58. [58]

    J. R. Johanson, P. D. Nation and F. Nori. QuTiP 2: A Python framework for the dynamics of open quantum systems, Comput. Phys. Comm. 284 1234 (2013)

    work page 2013

  59. [59]

    Nienhuis

    G. Nienhuis. Spectral correlations in resonance fluores- cence, Phys. Rev. A 47, 510 (1993)

    work page 1993

  60. [60]

    del Valle, A

    E. del Valle, A. Gonz´ alez-Tudela, F. P. Laussy, C. Tejedor and M. J. Hartmann. Theory of Frequency-Filtered and Time-Resolved N-Photon Correlations, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109(18) 183601 (2012)

    work page 2012

  61. [61]

    Frank, R

    A. Frank, R. Lemus, M. Carvajal, C. Jung and E. Ziem- niak. SU(2) approximation to the coupling of Morse os- cillators, Chem. Phys. Lett. 308, 91 (1999)

    work page 1999

  62. [62]

    Carvajal, R

    M. Carvajal, R. Lemus, A. Frank, C. Jung and E. Ziem- niak. An extended SU(2) model for coupled Morse oscil- lators, Chem. Phys. 105, 206 (2000)

    work page 2000

  63. [63]

    M. I. Stockman, K. Kneipp, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, S. Saha, A. Dutta, J. Ndukaife, N. Kinsey, H. Reddy, U. Guler, V. M. Shalaev, A. Boltasseva, B. Gholipour, H. N. S. Krish- namoorthy, K. F. MacDonald, C. Soci, N. I. Zheludev, V. Savinov, R. Singh, P. Grob, C. Lienau, M. Vadai, M. L. Solomon, D. R. Barton III, M. Lawrence, J. A. Dionne, S. V. Boriskina, R. Est...

    work page 2018