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Lean Workbook: A large-scale Lean problem set formalized from natural language math problems

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arxiv 2406.03847 v3 pith:OOJIC3MZ submitted 2024-06-06 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords datalanguageleanproblemsmathmathematicalnaturalformal
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Large language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various natural language processing tasks, especially in solving mathematical problems. However, large language models are not good at math theorem proving using formal languages like Lean. A significant challenge in this area is the scarcity of training data available in these formal languages. To address this issue, we propose a novel pipeline that iteratively generates and filters synthetic data to translate natural language mathematical problems into Lean 4 statements, and vice versa. Our results indicate that the synthetic data pipeline can provide useful training data and improve the performance of LLMs in translating and understanding complex mathematical problems and proofs. Our final dataset contains about 57K formal-informal question pairs along with searched proof from the math contest forum and 21 new IMO questions. We open-source our code at https://github.com/InternLM/InternLM-Math and our data at https://huggingface.co/datasets/InternLM/Lean-Workbook.

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Cited by 12 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. FormaRL: Enhancing Autoformalization with no Labeled Data

    cs.AI 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A reinforcement learning framework improves autoformalization without labeled data by rewarding outputs that pass Lean syntax and LLM consistency checks.

  2. StepFun-Prover Preview: Let's Think and Verify Step by Step

    cs.AI 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A reinforcement learning pipeline with Lean verifier feedback trains a 32B model that scores 70.0% pass@1 on miniF2F-test, a new state of the art.

  3. LeanTree: Accelerating White-Box Proof Search with Factorized States in Lean 4

    cs.LG 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    White-box proof search with factorized Lean 4 goals reaches 18.4% on MiniF2F with Llemma-7B, outperforming black-box generation at 9.6%.

  4. CriticLean: Critic-Guided Reinforcement Learning for Mathematical Formalization

    cs.CL 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A critic model trained with reinforcement learning judges semantic correctness of Lean 4 formalizations, and using it as a filter sharply improves autoformalization accuracy.

  5. Reviving DSP for Advanced Theorem Proving in the Era of Reasoning Models

    cs.AI 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An inference-only neuro-symbolic pipeline, DSP+, solves 80.7% of miniF2F and the previously unsolved imo_2019_p1, matching heavily RL-trained theorem provers without fine-tuning.

  6. Mathesis: Towards Formal Theorem Proving from Natural Languages

    cs.AI 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An RL-trained autoformalizer plus a Lean prover solves 18% of Chinese Gaokao proof problems end-to-end from natural language, and 64.3% of MiniF2F at pass@32.

  7. MATP-BENCH: Can MLLM Be a Good Automated Theorem Prover for Multimodal Problems?

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    MATP-BENCH pairs 1,056 multimodal math problems with formal theorem statements in Lean 4, Coq, and Isabelle; the strongest tested model solves only 5.68% of Lean 4 end-to-end proving tasks at pass@10.

  8. Safe: Enhancing Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models via Retrospective Step-aware Formal Verification

    cs.CL 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Safe uses step-level formal verification in Lean 4, aggregated by a small LSTM and combined with process reward scores, to improve best-of-n accuracy for LLM mathematical reasoning.

  9. Towards Generating Controllable and Solvable Geometry Problem by Leveraging Symbolic Deduction Engine

    cs.AI 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    SDE-GPG samples from a knowledge-point-to-definition mapping table, runs the AlphaGeometry symbolic deduction engine to produce conclusions, filters candidates with a checking function, and translates the formal outpu...

  10. Rewarding the Unlikely: Lifting GRPO Beyond Distribution Sharpening

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    GRPO's rank bias reinforces likely answers and neglects rare correct proofs; an unlikeliness reward that down-weights likely correct samples improves pass@N in formal theorem proving.

  11. Formally Solving Answer-Construction Problems in Lean

    cs.AI 2025-05 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    ECP, an enumerate-conjecture-prove framework with Lean verification, improves answer-construction accuracy on ConstructiveBench and a PutnamBench subset, but its benchmark has a 17% major-error rate and its abstract r...

  12. A Survey on Large Language Models for Mathematical Reasoning

    cs.AI 2025-06 conditional novelty 1.0 of 10

    Recent advances in LLM mathematical reasoning are organized into comprehension and generation phases, covering methods from prompting to test-time scaling.

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