LSST Cadence Optimization White Paper: The Definitive Map of the Galactic bulge

Christian I. Johnson (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA); Daisuke Kawata (University College London); Dante Minniti (Universidad Andr\'es Bello); Elena Valenti (European Southern Observatory); Giuseppe Bono (Universita' di Roma); Jay Strader (Michigan State University); John Gizis (University of Delaware); Manuela Zoccali (P. Universidad Cat\'olica); Massimo Dall'Ora (INAF); Nitya Kallivayalil (University of Virginia)

LSST Cadence Optimization White Paper: The Definitive Map of the Galactic bulge

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arxiv 1812.08670 v1 pith:P34DB3FA submitted 2018-12-20 astro-ph.GA

LSST Cadence Optimization White Paper: The Definitive Map of the Galactic bulge

Oscar A. Gonzalez (UK Astronomy Technology Centre) , Will Clarkson (University of Michigan-Dearborn) , Victor P. Debattista (UCLAN) , Christian I. Johnson (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA) , R. Michael Rich (UCLA) , Giuseppe Bono (Universita' di Roma) , Massimo Dall'Ora (INAF) , John Gizis (University of Delaware)

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Nitya Kallivayalil (University of Virginia) Daisuke Kawata (University College London) Phil Lucas (University of Hertfordshire) Dante Minniti (Universidad Andr\'es Bello) Ricardo Schiavon (Liverpool-John Moores University) Jay Strader (Michigan State University) Rachel Street (Las Cumbres Observatory) Elena Valenti (European Southern Observatory) Manuela Zoccali (P. Universidad Cat\'olica)

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abstract

We recommend configuring the LSST coverage of the inner Galactic plane to allow the production of the definitive age/metallicity map of the Galactic bulge from LSST data, matched to external surveys where appropriate. This will allow the formation history of the Galactic bulge to be reconstructed, as well as furnishing a huge legacy dataset to support one of the key LSST science goals (Mapping the Milky Way). We recommend precise multi-color $grizy$~photometry as deeply as spatial crowding will allow (ideally completing early in the project), complemented by a single-filter survey spread over the entire 10-year time baseline. Both strands should cover as broad an area within the Bulge as possible, with image quality sufficient to reach at least the bulge main sequence turn-off in seeing-limited observations. We specify metrics and a figure of merit by which candidate observing strategies could be evaluated with respect to `static' bulge science (proper motions and photometry)

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

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The Two-infall Model Revisited: Constraints on Milky Way Bulge Assembly from >30,000 Galactic Chemical Evolution Models and Machine Learning
astro-ph.GA 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0

A rapid early collapse followed by a delayed, lower-efficiency second gas infall best reproduces the Milky Way bulge's metallicity, alpha-element, and age patterns.