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How Many Data Points is a Prompt Worth?

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arxiv 2103.08493 v2 pith:PLGJ4ZXB submitted 2021-03-15 cs.LG

classification cs.LG
keywords benefitdatamanypromptingacrossclassificationfine-tuningpoints
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When fine-tuning pretrained models for classification, researchers either use a generic model head or a task-specific prompt for prediction. Proponents of prompting have argued that prompts provide a method for injecting task-specific guidance, which is beneficial in low-data regimes. We aim to quantify this benefit through rigorous testing of prompts in a fair setting: comparing prompted and head-based fine-tuning in equal conditions across many tasks and data sizes. By controlling for many sources of advantage, we find that prompting does indeed provide a benefit, and that this benefit can be quantified per task. Results show that prompting is often worth 100s of data points on average across classification tasks.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. On the Privacy Risk of In-context Learning

    cs.LG 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A confidence-based membership inference attack identifies prompt demonstration data with AUC 0.69-0.86, more than fine-tuned models leak at matched utility, and ensembling reduces this to near random.

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