Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 65 of 65 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.06484.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.06484 v2

Coverage vector

measured 65 of 65 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.801545Z

measured 66 of 66 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T14:42:51.585561Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-08T14:42:51.720393Z

Reference resolution

65 of 65 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy1
unresolved60
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation cf8f357f-d365-46e0-8270-58fe3dce0392 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.460238Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d8670901-d1a3-4afe-b963-482ff100a5f6 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.466176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6f100a45-4e25-4ad7-b0af-4944827c9d59 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.472349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0a799747-9785-4895-ba75-2f3ab6ebf762 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.478834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d3860b04-9e04-4dc1-85bc-9ef809232ac5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.484751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4399ab4a-91ea-4591-a5a5-7f7210274a41 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.491040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5d1b387e-87af-43e3-a2c9-ca057891fa21 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.497425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c7282664-7954-43a7-b056-0e0c50eb49ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.503098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9bf6cc6b-4daa-4fe5-921b-5b78aebf6678 · outbound

This paper cites GPT or BERT: why not both?.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway GPT or BERT: why not both?

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:52.812281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 4519af72-1767-4550-9edb-49afacc24ab9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.514355Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a3e98f7e-2e6e-4169-b15e-6bb9a9548cbe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.382812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a4430e93-7f1d-4b54-bdcd-5e6c6c7349c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.360048Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1b18b01e-724f-4008-8818-a8fd91beed1b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.530244Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 81fdd60d-c626-44f7-9df3-af63ce6e26ee · outbound

This paper cites ENTP: Encoder-only Next Token Prediction.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway ENTP: Encoder-only Next Token Prediction

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:52.781422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 7d2510f8-adb9-44c7-a299-227427eac712 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.330728Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3cc609d6-44b7-40ad-a404-b9c607d119c7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.545897Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8b0b105b-778f-4568-bbdc-59fbf2a5b1a2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.550981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 005b64fb-8fbb-4b3b-9618-5dc3d79eec3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.971392Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation bd3fd749-a4f3-460c-aa55-4987596fd682 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.298415Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a74fda27-4967-4ce9-9fea-578313c9a32f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.273742Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 65f88c86-69d2-47ed-aec6-0849c9e9bd46 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.570842Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b6ee37a-2e43-41f5-8c93-23ea0fabe226 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.575447Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 140da957-8598-4fee-8cc4-cd7edccd7601 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.580592Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50fa5a46-44a2-485b-8ccd-8a048877af78 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.206865Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3a07f7c0-6558-43bc-92a9-a4920aa88f7c · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Mistral 7B

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.591409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0364e780-63c8-423a-bc42-22f82980b86c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.596605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d4f65502-f8bf-416a-9477-04a285c6ec89 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.183582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation aec44642-bae5-4092-9145-9fd7c4f86f6b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.160059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 0aafb04d-7957-48d1-a92d-48b420ec9ca7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.612518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a63de4bb-a1ae-45f7-b439-e6a36c96679c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.618110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a88c2d48-c3c0-4c1c-9b4d-d1904ce3494e · outbound

This paper cites NLEBench+NorGLM: A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis and Benchmark Dataset for Generative Language Models in Norwegian.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway NLEBench+NorGLM: A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis and Benchmark Dataset for Generative Language Models in Norwegian

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.623312Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 965438a2-bad0-4d46-b35a-393b385ba824 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.101160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation d041483a-35a9-4a8a-baec-b36d55008821 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.633851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a623cb44-9e8c-4a14-a1cd-c740b6f2cab0 · outbound

This paper cites StarCoder 2 and The Stack v2: The Next Generation.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway StarCoder 2 and The Stack v2: The Next Generation

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.638978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0698833-1769-4bab-9f6d-28187587c039 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.644773Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a6adb4ef-2fae-454b-a9bf-96ed1dd84dd9 · outbound

This paper cites Poro 34B and the Blessing of Multilinguality.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Poro 34B and the Blessing of Multilinguality

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.651356Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a96fe91-68f5-4d9d-950a-f183e2506a93 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.657340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 380d3887-5487-4b65-b958-12ba1e0906ce · outbound

This paper cites An Analysis and Mitigation of the Reversal Curse.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway An Analysis and Mitigation of the Reversal Curse

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.662360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9bf4a094-faf7-4f72-b06c-681ec6fe2b09 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.667811Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fdb0209c-d0d0-4a32-bd33-578812cf0ed8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.061781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation cde37eea-8663-49b3-b9d6-d5ce405ff8c8 · outbound

This paper cites CulturaX: A Cleaned, Enormous, and Multilingual Dataset for Large Language Models in 167 Languages.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway CulturaX: A Cleaned, Enormous, and Multilingual Dataset for Large Language Models in 167 Languages

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.677374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7a671b08-88d3-4285-9d3b-48f30504897b · outbound

This paper cites Nguyen and Julian Salazar.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Nguyen and Julian Salazar

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:53.030512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation fad74ec1-5bad-4f9d-8d72-cb3bbf35f1ea · outbound

This paper cites Manning, Ryan McDonald, Slav Petrov, Sampo Pyysalo, Natalia Silveira, Reut Tsarfaty, and Daniel Zeman.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Manning, Ryan McDonald, Slav Petrov, Sampo Pyysalo, Natalia Silveira, Reut Tsarfaty, and Daniel Zeman

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.687355Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2eb9e77-e1a7-4f73-987e-f0fe12c500fa · outbound

This paper cites Manning, Sampo Pyysalo, Sebastian Schuster, Francis Tyers, and Daniel Zeman.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Manning, Sampo Pyysalo, Sebastian Schuster, Francis Tyers, and Daniel Zeman

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.692426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15db7ca1-88f4-457b-958a-5f9b2816c26b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.696870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e91ae77e-fbc9-446a-bbab-9022c75bb477 · outbound

This paper cites Towards a More Inclusive AI: Progress and Perspectives in Large Language Model Training for the S\'ami Language.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Towards a More Inclusive AI: Progress and Perspectives in Large Language Model Training for the S\'ami Language

Reference 46

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:52.368430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 4e144f88-e146-472b-b0f3-ce6dd8a98439 · outbound

This paper cites The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.707127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e9b2f279-1bcb-4fa1-a5ee-1266fb23a677 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:52.972261Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 462d8ec3-48d6-445e-87b4-1218b3f18e10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.717548Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56f3c1ae-6fc5-4d32-ba7b-2ca4bf6ec208 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.722442Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 021d3a48-2bbd-469e-91de-b3af6acc75dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.727816Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1721157a-8e2f-478c-9026-2a84aabb7fc7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:52.915409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation fb6faccb-e0eb-4890-9a1b-1696d69343ff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.738335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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This paper cites BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.743121Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7bbdad5-c651-41ee-b92b-1ac4f55533e7 · outbound

This paper cites GLU Variants Improve Transformer.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway GLU Variants Improve Transformer

Reference 55

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.748521Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a492316-fbdf-4299-a880-45f429eb2651 · outbound

This paper cites Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.754814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4b749634-93ca-464f-acf0-303c01235d79 · outbound

This paper cites RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.760452Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e00854f5-f2bb-4ace-b864-145abc06be15 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:40:51.765051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4992191-5c78-4b6c-acfb-e644bb82922e · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

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Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway Unresolved cited work

Reference 65

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Pith citing papers

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Multi-label Scandinavian Language Identification (SLIDE) Small Languages, Big Models: A Study of Continual Training on Languages of Norway

Reference 28

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