IGADA-IoT: IoT Sensor Energy Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks Driven by Automatic Data Augmentation

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), data augmentation is a novel method to improve sampling-frequency decision performance, thereby enabling energy optimization for IoT (Internet of Things) sensors. However, existing methods rely on a single generator and empirically determined quantities, failing to establish a mapping between dynamic information gaps and multiple generators, and overlooking the heterogeneity of generated samples. Moreover, an evaluation and a closed-loop method that jointly considers the information gap and the model performance are lacking. To address these issues, we propose an information gap-guided IoT sensor automatic data augmentation framework (IGADA-IoT) with hierarchical multi-generator collaboration and scheduling over multiple rounds. Capabilities of different generators are jointly utilized to reduce the information gaps. In the IGADA-IoT, a hierarchical multi-generator collaboration and scheduling strategy (HMGCS) is proposed to enhance the targetedness and rationality of generated sample allocation. An information gap-model performance joint evaluation and closed-loop method (IGMP-EC) is proposed to enhance the accuracy of augmentation decisions, and to mitigate the risks of under-augmentation and over-augmentation. Experimental results show that the IGADA-IoT improves the average accuracy of multiple downstream models by 7.27%. Compared with advanced data augmentation methods, the average accuracy is improved by 8.67%. Compared with the individual generators, the average accuracy is improved by 7.24%. Furthermore, public IoT sensor datasets from the UCR Archive and real-world deployments demonstrate the accuracy and generalizability of the proposed method.