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Observation of non-contact Casimir friction

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arxiv 2403.06051 v1 pith:QRYNZPKC submitted 2024-03-10 quant-ph physics.optics

Zhujing Xu , Peng Ju , Kunhong Shen , Yuanbin Jin , Zubin Jacob , Tongcang Li This is my paper · ORCID
classification quant-phphysics.optics
keywords casimirfrictionnon-contactforcefrictionalquantumbodiesdissipative
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Quantum mechanics predicts the occurrence of random electromagnetic field fluctuations, or virtual photons, in vacuum. The exchange of virtual photons between two bodies in relative motion could lead to non-contact quantum vacuum friction or Casimir friction. Despite its theoretical significance, the non-contact Casimir frictional force has not been observed and its theoretical predictions have varied widely. In this work, we report the first measurement of the non-contact Casimir frictional force between two moving bodies. By employing two mechanical oscillators with resonant frequencies far lower than those in Lorentz models of electrons in dielectric materials, we have amplified the Casimir frictional force at low relative velocities by several orders of magnitude. We directly measure the non-contact Casimir frictional force between the two oscillators and show its linear dependence on velocity, proving the dissipative nature of Casimir friction. This advancement marks a pivotal contribution to the field of dissipative quantum electrodynamics and enhances our understanding of friction at the nanoscale.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Spontaneous Torque on an Inhomogeneous Chiral Body out of Thermal Equilibrium

    quant-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A chiral, inhomogeneous body out of thermal equilibrium with its environment experiences a spontaneous second-order quantum vacuum torque, reaching small observable terminal angular velocities.

  2. Perspectives on Quantum Friction, Self-Propulsion, and Self-Torque

    quant-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A small chiral object that is hotter or colder than the surrounding vacuum should experience a spontaneous quantum torque and spin with an observable terminal angular velocity.

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