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The optical, UV-plateau and X-ray tidal disruption event luminosity functions reproduced from first principles

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arxiv 2410.17087 v1 pith:RHGIEHZD submitted 2024-10-22 astro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords luminositydisruptiontidalopticalblackdistributioneventhole
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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We reproduce the luminosity functions of the early-time peak optical luminosity, the late-time UV plateau luminosity, and the peak X-ray luminosity of tidal disruption events, using an entirely first-principles theoretical approach. We do this by first fitting three free parameters of the tidal disruption event black hole mass distribution using the observed distribution of late time UV plateau luminosities, using a time-dependent relativistic accretion model. Using this black hole mass distribution we are then, with no further free parameters of the theory, able to reproduce exactly the peak X-ray luminosity distribution of the tidal disruption event population. This proves that the X-ray luminosity of tidal disruption events are sourced from the same accretion flows which produce the late time UV plateau. Using an empirical scaling relationship between peak optical luminosities and black hole masses, itself calibrated using the same relativistic accretion theory, we are able to reproduce the observed peak optical luminosity function, again with no additional free parameters. Implications of these results include that there is no tidal disruption event "missing energy problem", that the optical and X-ray selected tidal disruption event populations are drawn from the same black hole mass distribution, that the early time optical luminosity in tidal disruption events is somewhat simple, at least on the population level, and that future LSST observations will be able to constrain the black hole mass function at low masses.

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Forward citations

Cited by 10 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Triple radio flares from tidal disruption events: jet-wind collisions and the discovery of a third radio flare from AT2020vwl

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The TDE AT2020vwl showed a third radio flare at the time a jet-wind collision was predicted from its first two flares, the first predicted-and-confirmed third flare.

  2. One year of broadband radio monitoring of the enigmatic transient GRB 250702B reveals the evolution of the relativistic jet

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A year of 0.65-233 GHz monitoring shows GRB 250702B's radio afterglow is a synchrotron forward shock in a stratified medium, with a jet that is either narrow and fast or wide and slow.

  3. Polarimetric Diversity in Tidal Disruption Events: Comparative Study of Low-Polarised sources with AT2020mot

    astro-ph.HE 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Among 13 tidal disruption events with polarimetric data, AT2020mot is confirmed as a strong polarisation outlier (25%) while being otherwise typical in luminosity, temperature, and rise time.

  4. Nine tidal disruption event candidates in eROSITA-DE DR1 discovered through supersoft X-ray selection

    astro-ph.HE 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Nine supersoft X-ray sources in eROSITA-DE DR1 are presented as candidate tidal disruption events, five of them new, based on soft spectra, fading, multiwavelength flares, and quiescent host galaxies.

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    Radiation-hydro simulations show Pop III.1 stars ionize bubbles of about 1 cMpc, which sets an isolation distance that yields n_SMBH ~ 10^-1 cMpc^-3 by z=14.

  6. The Evolution of Pop III.1 Protostars Powered by Dark Matter Annihilation. I. Fiducial model and first results

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  7. Flash Ionization of the Early Universe by Pop III.1 Supermassive Stars

    astro-ph.CO 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Pop III.1 supermassive stars flash-ionize much of the early universe at z~20-30, adding tau~0.04 to the CMB optical depth and potentially easing Hubble tension and DESI anomalies.

  8. JWST Discovery of a High-Redshift Tidal Disruption Event Candidate in COSMOS-Web

    astro-ph.HE 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A transient point source in COSMOS-Web, HZTDE-1, has a blackbody-like SED consistent with a tidal disruption event at z~5, though a superluminous supernova at z>3 remains equally plausible.

  9. Uncertainty-Aware Tidal Disruption Event Classification : A Host-Agnostic Probabilistic Random Forest Approach

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic Random Forest on 11 photometric light-curve features classifies TDEs without host data more stably than XGBoost and recovers 14 new candidates from ZTF.

  10. The Origin of Supermassive Black Holes from Pop III.1 Seeds

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