Two-terminal transport measurements with cold atoms

In the last years, the ability of cold atoms experiments to explore condensed- matter related questions has dramatically progressed. Transport experiments, in particular, have expanded to the point that conductances and other transport coefficients can now be measured in a way directly analogous to solid state physics, extending cold atoms based quantum simulations into the domain of quantum electronic devices. In this topical review, we describe the transport experiments performed with cold gases in the two terminals configuration, with an emphasis on the specific features of cold atomic gases compared to solid state physics. We present the experimental techniques and the main experimental findings, focusing on but not restricted to the recent experiments performed in our group. We eventually discuss the perspectives opened by this approach, the main technical and conceptual challenges for future developments, and the potential applications as a quantum simulator for transport phenomena and mesoscopic physics problems.