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Convergence rate of extreme eigenvalue of Ginibre ensembles to Gumbel distribution

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arxiv 2506.04560 v3 pith:SAFFGCG4 submitted 2025-06-05 math.PR

Convergence rate of extreme eigenvalue of Ginibre ensembles to Gumbel distribution

classification math.PR
keywords betadistributionfraccomplexginibresigmaconvergenceensemble
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abstract

Let $X$ be a real $(\beta=1)$ or complex $(\beta=2)$ Ginibre ensemble. Let $\{\sigma_i\}_{1\le i\le n}$ be the eigenvalues of $X,$ and $Z_n$ be some rescaled version of $\max_i \Re \sigma_i.$ It was proved that $Z_n$ converges weakly to the Gumbel distribution $\Lambda_{\beta}$ with distribution function $e^{-\frac{\beta}{2}e^{-x}}.$ We further prove that $$\sup_{x\in \mathbb{R}}|\mathbb{P}(Z_n \leq x)-e^{-\frac{\beta}{2}e^{-x}}|=\frac{25\log \log n}{4e \log n}(1+o(1))$$ and $$ W_1\left(\mathcal{L}(Z_n), \Lambda_{\beta}\right)=\frac{25\log \log n}{4\log n}(1+o(1))$$ for sufficiently large $n$, where $\mathcal{L}(Z_n)$ is the distribution of $Z_n$ and $W_1$ is the Wasserstein distance. Similar results hold for $\max_{i} |\sigma_i|.$ Furthermore, the convergence rates of the complex Ginibre ensemble are universal for complex iid random matrices under certain moment conditions on entries.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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    The suitably rescaled max |Z_j|^2 of eigenvalues of the product of k_n complex Ginibre matrices converges weakly to Phi_alpha for finite positive alpha = lim n/k_n, to Gumbel for alpha infinite, and to normal for alph...