Chirality-Driven Hierarchical Morphologies in Self-Assembled Biaxial Amphiphiles

Chirality plays a crucial role in determining the structure of many systems in nature. Twisted or helical aggregates as a consequence of self-assembly can be seen in many biological and synthetic materials. Despite extensive theoretical and experimental efforts, how molecular-scale chirality gives rise to complex twisted morphologies in amphiphiles still remains unexplored. Here we study the interplay between molecular hydrophobicity, shape anisotropy and chirality using molecular dynamics simulation. Variation of relative molecular concentration and intrinsic chirality of molecules drive a sequence of twisted liquid crystalline variants of lamellar, cylindrical and vesicular phases. These structures emerge spontaneously under equilibrium conditions and are characterized by orientational correlation functions. We demonstrate that variation in molecular chirality gives rise to the development of hierarchical chiral order within the system. Further increment of chirality competes with hydrophobic interactions, leading to morphological instabilities. Our findings establish a direct link between microscopic chirality and mesoscale structure formation and their instabilities. Qualitative comparison of liquidity and pitch of the observed phase morphologies with the amount of chirality has been reported.