Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 15 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2403.18932.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2403.18932 v1

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 15 of 15 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 15 of 15 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:57:15.712917Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

3
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation ddf6aa66-4777-4903-a19d-554c4fad85a3 · inbound

AI Safety Landscape for Large Language Models: Taxonomy, State-of-the-art, and Future Directions cites this paper.

AI Safety Landscape for Large Language Models: Taxonomy, State-of-the-art, and Future Directions Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 43

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T21:55:50.272886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation b2a110f6-83d4-4b92-a7ad-fc4089bb8e8c · inbound

Political-LLM: Large Language Models in Political Science cites this paper.

Political-LLM: Large Language Models in Political Science Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 268

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T19:52:04.965663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 93d795de-81f8-480e-bd07-1488a610e3bf · inbound

MGM: Global Understanding of Audience Overlap Graphs for Predicting the Factuality and the Bias of News Media cites this paper.

MGM: Global Understanding of Audience Overlap Graphs for Predicting the Factuality and the Bias of News Media Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T17:02:47.237817Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dcf57aa9-f92b-4573-a85f-225370670695 · inbound

Mapping and Influencing the Political Ideology of Large Language Models using Synthetic Personas cites this paper.

Mapping and Influencing the Political Ideology of Large Language Models using Synthetic Personas Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:54:05.350882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 80f84098-a4d9-4eef-ae6f-e9db1430515b · inbound

A Survey on Responsible LLMs: Inherent Risk, Malicious Use, and Mitigation Strategy cites this paper.

A Survey on Responsible LLMs: Inherent Risk, Malicious Use, and Mitigation Strategy Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:05:11.977313Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 94bda893-9bd1-4600-a460-f0db83ae7d79 · inbound

Watching the AI Watchdogs: A Fairness and Robustness Analysis of AI Safety Moderation Classifiers cites this paper.

Watching the AI Watchdogs: A Fairness and Robustness Analysis of AI Safety Moderation Classifiers Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T16:19:47.927230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5ddff383-4020-4836-b481-92ad69e76d75 · inbound

Unmasking Conversational Bias in AI Multiagent Systems cites this paper.

Unmasking Conversational Bias in AI Multiagent Systems Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T15:18:21.757019Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50a9ecc6-5885-4cf1-974d-08bfa7bb8eb0 · inbound

Probing the Subtle Ideological Manipulation of Large Language Models cites this paper.

Probing the Subtle Ideological Manipulation of Large Language Models Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:57:15.712917Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bd9651cc-d0d8-4e48-83af-117e0e01ef25 · inbound

LLMs on Trial: Evaluating Judicial Fairness for Large Language Models cites this paper.

LLMs on Trial: Evaluating Judicial Fairness for Large Language Models Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T17:29:43.770825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d1cb8693-ff77-4375-8636-502574c0c7a9 · inbound

Obscured but Not Erased: Evaluating Nationality Bias in LLMs via Name-Based Bias Benchmarks cites this paper.

Obscured but Not Erased: Evaluating Nationality Bias in LLMs via Name-Based Bias Benchmarks Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:02:35.230018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f5db3dab-2444-41cb-86f6-edb9cf45a175 · inbound

Designing Effective AI Explanations for Misinformation Detection: A Comparative Study of Content, Social, and Combined Explanations cites this paper.

Designing Effective AI Explanations for Misinformation Detection: A Comparative Study of Content, Social, and Combined Explanations Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:50:10.097156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f6734065-a5e4-49ca-ba1b-6968ba5affad · inbound

Auditing LLM Editorial Bias in News Media Exposure cites this paper.

Auditing LLM Editorial Bias in News Media Exposure Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T07:01:30.009484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 74c33c82-8e20-490c-a3a6-833be64b55cd · inbound

Political Plasticity: An Analysis of Ideological Adaptability in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Political Plasticity: An Analysis of Ideological Adaptability in Large Language Models Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T07:46:39.720568Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a180795c-cbdb-4c26-aad5-3a23976aa2b1 · inbound

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing cites this paper.

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T05:59:47.728907Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 7f1e5a6d-fcaa-46ea-b3c3-0bd618962578 · inbound

Directional Hallucinations: Ideological Drift in News-Grounded LLM Question Answering cites this paper.

Directional Hallucinations: Ideological Drift in News-Grounded LLM Question Answering Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:28:22.925263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.