Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching

As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.09512.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.09512 v2

Coverage vector

measured 42 of 42 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.518620Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-18T09:28:12.637444Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-18T09:31:11.748760Z

Reference resolution

42 of 42 outbound references displayed

verified exact6
verified fuzzy27
unresolved9
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 82e21dcf-fdad-44e6-8139-0324488c6dda · outbound

This paper cites & Others Code Switching an d Code Mixing in Teaching and Learning of English as a Second Langua ge: Building on Knowledge.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Others Code Switching an d Code Mixing in Teaching and Learning of English as a Second Langua ge: Building on Knowledge

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.107311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 6b32ff57-eb11-4908-ba23-e715fba4e417 · outbound

This paper cites Multilingual Large Language Models Are Not (Yet) Code-Switchers.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Multilingual Large Language Models Are Not (Yet) Code-Switchers

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.337933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8ecbee77-0641-4650-a6f3-3a3f451bfcda · outbound

This paper cites & Watanabe, S.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Watanabe, S

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.093077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation a7ce8860-5055-4301-8fa8-a4d549853138 · outbound

This paper cites & Niesler , T.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Niesler , T

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.080879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 9f457165-7e6a-4b5c-a589-2f60647ff14f · outbound

This paper cites & Ury, W.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Ury, W

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.068659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 77fb4ee1-ac6b-417d-9df0-64756be1841b · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Code-switching: Linguistic and Social Perspectives for Language Technologies.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching A Survey of Code-switching: Linguistic and Social Perspectives for Language Technologies

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.731766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 1776197d-eabc-4ffa-83db-daa586e478d9 · outbound

This paper cites & Waibel, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Waibel, A

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.056994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 10a02c19-8288-4edb-9c73-c955a6286f26 · outbound

This paper cites & Torres- Smith, K.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Torres- Smith, K

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.046229Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation de88c80b-0293-4fa4-8c2d-da293d388234 · outbound

This paper cites & Fuegen, C.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Fuegen, C

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.035274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation ef94dc10-c0b3-42a6-a53c-3fe61f720303 · outbound

This paper cites Speech translators for humanitarian projec ts.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Speech translators for humanitarian projec ts

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.023837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 3de0ef87-e497-4cb6-b8c9-709e8fe0f510 · outbound

This paper cites End-to-End Evaluation for Low-Latency Simultaneous Speech Translation.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching End-to-End Evaluation for Low-Latency Simultaneous Speech Translation

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.711671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 85838c16-4831-4a92-aca5-b47d6595f657 · outbound

This paper cites & Others C HIL: Computers in the human interaction loop.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Others C HIL: Computers in the human interaction loop

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:25.011649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation c805d3b0-28c2-4d3a-8f7a-19511ecabc8a · outbound

This paper cites & Waibel, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Waibel, A

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.999493Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 8024b982-8e5a-488f-9861-fb7976a1be2d · outbound

This paper cites & Waibel, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Waibel, A

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.987756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation a1da6a1b-26ac-4d36-8d6f-cb3f5e16f99a · outbound

This paper cites & Zaiem, S.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Zaiem, S

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.976545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 680e5164-a14a-4263-9d09-e70b7a89b5b1 · outbound

This paper cites & Aldarmak i, H.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Aldarmak i, H

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.964900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 22412b22-e422-4105-b5b1-34ccfaa105f0 · outbound

This paper cites & Ali, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Ali, A

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.952902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation c4d4714c-d101-4fd9-bf0d-652a80a3ae3e · outbound

This paper cites & Chien, J.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Chien, J

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.938179Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation f24d787b-dc70-460d-8843-1d6709edc80c · outbound

This paper cites & Khudanpur, S.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Khudanpur, S

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.925944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation c6b6200b-05ea-4616-8f68-726282752785 · outbound

This paper cites Language-agnostic Code-Switching in Sequence-To-Sequence Speech Recognition.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Language-agnostic Code-Switching in Sequence-To-Sequence Speech Recognition

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.418562Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7112a94c-a046-4c16-8d51-3957b678adfc · outbound

This paper cites Code-Switching without Switching: Language Agnostic End-to-End Speech Translation.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Code-Switching without Switching: Language Agnostic End-to-End Speech Translation

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.678576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation a985bbbe-e394-43ff-9779-edaadd29a882 · outbound

This paper cites & Y ong, Z.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Y ong, Z

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.913204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 33948637-2505-4e64-bfbb-4266ca42e608 · outbound

This paper cites & Waibel, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Waibel, A

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.901286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation db78d278-27d2-47b0-9f9e-2d3d824bae29 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.889424Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 8957bb6b-2236-4bb0-9bab-ad7f2fb42aa8 · outbound

This paper cites & Waibel, A.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Waibel, A

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.876692Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 0c5720e4-a3bd-4726-84b7-93df150558b5 · outbound

This paper cites Perturbation-based QE: An Explainable, Unsupervised Word-level Quality Estimation Method for Blackbox Machine Translation.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Perturbation-based QE: An Explainable, Unsupervised Word-level Quality Estimation Method for Blackbox Machine Translation

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.658454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 37a55ae8-8a0d-48c4-8f9d-f29fec83df40 · outbound

This paper cites A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scores.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching A Call for Clarity in Reporting BLEU Scores

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.448292Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c3f99d0e-8383-46b7-b5b3-be8a01ae0d2a · outbound

This paper cites Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation: A Call for Clarity.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation: A Call for Clarity

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.629741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 8e40d592-4582-4285-9864-f972648a2c7a · outbound

This paper cites Speech Translation with Speech Foundation Models and Large Language Models: What is There and What is Missing?.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Speech Translation with Speech Foundation Models and Large Language Models: What is There and What is Missing?

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.457818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9b2ca16a-5bff-454b-91b2-ae1a0259bc5b · outbound

This paper cites & Sutskever, I.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Sutskever, I

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.864501Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation c4dadb14-4cbf-4fad-96a2-e7211376f301 · outbound

This paper cites & Others Sca ling speech technology to 1,000+ languages.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Others Sca ling speech technology to 1,000+ languages

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.853014Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 87a9e61a-2f1a-43ac-942c-85fe7c08a15b · outbound

This paper cites & Esteve, Y.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Esteve, Y

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.841277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation a78ce74a-6f5e-444a-bcd8-8f99cefa9360 · outbound

This paper cites MLS: A Large-Scale Multilingual Dataset for Speech Research.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching MLS: A Large-Scale Multilingual Dataset for Speech Research

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.477756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 475e99c2-cf10-4d61-9656-6c7fd380addb · outbound

This paper cites & Zhang, Y.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Zhang, Y

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.828829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 04e4fd3e-5f22-40ad-a10f-8786b02d1883 · outbound

This paper cites & Zheng, H.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Zheng, H

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.815689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation fb80b939-254c-44d0-a589-6401fb6b00cf · outbound

This paper cites Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpus.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpus

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.493040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df170920-6787-43e8-be80-25cf8ee599eb · outbound

This paper cites End-to-End Speech Translation for Code Switched Speech.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching End-to-End Speech Translation for Code Switched Speech

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.497249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 51c4a893-d6c7-4b6a-a6fe-538d31bfffa1 · outbound

This paper cites & Abdennadher, S.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Abdennadher, S

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.803254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation e96d72d7-9cf1-4732-9aa5-e09dc62a9022 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.787396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 7626f0ec-c624-4d1c-a600-1e8f19dac7fa · outbound

This paper cites SC-MoE: Switch Conformer Mixture of Experts for Unified Streaming and Non-streaming Code-Switching ASR.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching SC-MoE: Switch Conformer Mixture of Experts for Unified Streaming and Non-streaming Code-Switching ASR

Reference 40

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.557721Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation 33f73765-593a-4c80-95b1-8a0052e72416 · outbound

This paper cites & Chen, B.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching & Chen, B

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.771756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Observation eed813be-226d-4f04-b92d-25a9638160ff · outbound

This paper cites Boerner, Stephen Deems, Thomas R.

PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching Boerner, Stephen Deems, Thomas R

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T20:00:24.757451Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 7fd3b969-7016-444e-ae78-3f6f15220545 · inbound

Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalities cites this paper.

Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalities PIER: A Novel Metric for Evaluating What Matters in Code-Switching

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T09:31:11.750851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.