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Heavy neutrino production via $Z'$ at the lifetime frontier
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abstract
We investigate the pair production of right-handed neutrinos from the decay of an additional neutral $Z^{\prime}$ boson in the gauged $B-L$ model. Taking into account current constraints on the $Z^{\prime}$ mass and the associated gauge coupling $g_{1}^{\prime}$, we analyse the sensitivity of proposed experiments at the lifetime frontier, FASER 2, CODEX-b, MATHUSLA as well as a hypothetical version of the MAPP detector to a long lived heavy neutrino $N$ originating in the decays of the $Z^{\prime}$. We further complement this study with determining the reach of LHCb and a CMS-type detector for the high-luminosity LHC run. We demonstrate that in a background free scenario with $g_1^\prime = 10^{-3}$ near the current limit, FASER 2 is sensitive to the active-sterile neutrino mixing down to $V_{\mu N} \approx 10^{-4}$, while a reach of $V_{\mu N} \approx 10^{-5}$ can be obtained for CODEX-b and LHCb, in a mass regime of $m_N \approx 5-20$ GeV and $m_{Z^{\prime}} \approx 20-70$ GeV. Finally, MATHUSLA can probe $V_{\mu N} \approx 10^{-7}$ and cover the mixing regime expected in a canonical seesaw scenario of light neutrino mass generation.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Detecting and Studying High-Energy Collider Neutrinos with FASER at the LHC
FASERν is predicted to detect thousands of collider neutrinos at the LHC and measure their cross sections at TeV energies, closing a gap in neutrino measurements.
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Direct constraints on the agnostic $\nu$SMEFT from heavy-neutrino searches at the LHC
A recast of CMS same-sign-dimuon data places the first direct bounds on the agnostic νSMEFT, excluding couplings below ~5.8×10⁻⁷ GeV⁻² at m_N≈1.5 TeV.
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Heavy neutral leptons and top quarks in effective field theory
Long-lived heavy neutral leptons produced via top-quark effective operators could be probed at the HL-LHC up to new-physics scales around 12 TeV at ATLAS and 4.5 TeV at MATHUSLA or ANUBIS.
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Heavy Neutral Leptons without Prejudice
HL-LHC and FCC-ee can probe HNL Yukawa couplings down to y^2 near 10^-4 to 10^-6 depending on mass; at zero mixing, Higgs width precision is the strongest constraint and the two colliders have comparable reach.
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Searching for a light $Z'$ through Higgs production at the LHC
Existing LHC dilepton and four-lepton searches, reinterpreted for the minimal U(1)_{B-L} model, exclude gauge couplings down to about 5x10^-6 for a 0.25 GeV Z-prime at maximal Higgs mixing.
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Displaced heavy neutrinos from $Z'$ decays at the LHC
Displaced vertex searches at the HL-LHC could probe heavy neutrino mixings down to |V_lN|^2 ~ 10^-17 for Z'-produced neutrinos in U(1)_X and U(1)_{B-L} models.
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