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Limit law for root separation in random polynomials

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arxiv 2505.02723 v1 pith:UJSBUBRR submitted 2025-05-05 math.PR math.CAmath.CV

classification math.PRmath.CAmath.CV
keywords randomseparationcoefficientsdistancesindependentlimitnormalizedroots
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abstract

Let $f_n$ be a random polynomial of degree $n\ge 2$ whose coefficients are independent and identically distributed random variables. We study the separation distances between roots of $f_n$ and prove that the set of these distances, normalized by $n^{-5/4}$, converges in distribution as $n\to \infty$ to a non-homogeneous Poisson point process. As a corollary, we deduce that the minimal separation distance between roots of $f_n$, normalized by $n^{-5/4}$ has a non-trivial limit law. In the course of the proof, we establish a related result which may be of independent interest: a Taylor series with random i.i.d. coefficients almost-surely does not have a double zero anywhere other than the origin.

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  1. Law of large numbers for the discriminant of random polynomials

    math.PR 2025-06 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    Random Kac polynomials have discriminant |Δ(f_n)| = n^{2n} e^{-D_* n(1+o(1))} with an explicit universal constant D_* ≈ 5.92947.

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