Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 5 minor 147 references

Heavy Neutral Leptons without Prejudice

T0 review · 3 major / 5 minor · reviewed 2026-08-11 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

Pith's one-line read Treating the HNL Yukawa coupling and the active-sterile mixing angle as independent parameters, this paper maps where the HL-LHC and FCC-ee can discover or exclude heavy neutral leptons, and finds that when there is no mixing, the…

desk verdict Useful FCC-ee extension of an HNL study; the qualitative conclusions hold, but the central HL-LHC vs FCC-ee comparison needs a common analysis protocol before it is quantitative. read the letter →

arxiv 2412.12271 v2 pith:VJQEZ4VC submitted 2024-12-16 hep-ph hep-ex

Nicolás Bernal , Kuldeep Deka , Marta Losada This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phhep-ex
keywords heavyneutralleptonsactive-sterilemixingYukawacouplingHiggswidthdisplacedverticeslong-livedparticlesFCC-eeHL-LHC
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

Heavy neutral leptons are a leading extension of the Standard Model because they can explain neutrino masses, leptogenesis, and dark matter, but their collider signatures depend on two couplings that many models tie together. This paper deliberately drops that tie: it treats the Yukawa coupling $y$ (to the Higgs boson) and the active-sterile mixing angle $V$ (to the $W$ and $Z$ bosons) as independent free parameters, and asks which measurements would actually find HNLs in each corner of the resulting parameter space. The study computes production and decay rates for HNLs of masses between 2 and 120 GeV and derives $3\sigma$ discovery or 95% exclusion contours for the HL-LHC (prompt, displaced, and FASER-2 far-detector searches) and for FCC-ee (Z-pole and $Zh$ modes). The central finding is that for $V=0$ the sensitivity to $y$ is set by the Higgs width measurement at both colliders, while for $V\neq 0$ the mixing angle dominates and severely shrinks the allowed parameter space. If correct, the reach contours in the paper tell experimentalists which search channel is worth building and which precision measurement closes the remaining window.

What carries the argument

The carrying object is the $(y^2, V^2)$ plane at fixed HNL mass $m_N$, divided into prompt, displaced ($1$ mm $\le d_{xy} \le 1$ m, $d_z \le 300$ mm), and long-lived ($c\tau \sim 480$ m) regimes by lifetime contours. The carrying identities are the partial widths: $\Gamma(h\to N\nu) = \frac{y^2}{8\pi} m_h \left(1 - m_N^2/m_h^2\right)^2$ for Yukawa production, and the gauge-mediated widths $\Gamma(W^\pm \to N\ell^\pm_\alpha)$ and $\Gamma(Z\to N\nu)$ proportional to $V^2$. These widths determine both the signal rates at each collider and the Higgs total and invisible width bounds that produce the vertical exclusion bands on $y^2$. The analysis chains these widths through VBF single-Higgs production at the HL-LHC, through $Z$-pole and $Zh$ production at FCC-ee, and through the FASER-2 acceptance geometry for long-lived decays.

What would settle it

Run the identical VBF and displaced-vertex selections with a full detector simulation at high pileup, measure the b-tagging, lepton-veto, and displaced-track reconstruction efficiencies, and count background events in the full HL-LHC dataset instead of scaling the 139 fb$^{-1}$ ATLAS number; if the product of efficiencies falls noticeably below unity or the background exceeds roughly 65 events, the contours in Figs. 3, 6, and 9 move away from the low-$y$, low-$V$ corner and the stated HL-LHC and FCC-ee complementarity in that corner no longer holds.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's central claim is that a model-independent, two-coupling treatment of HNLs changes the search strategy. By keeping $y^2$ and $V^2$ independent, it finds that the type-I seesaw relation $V = y v_h/m_N$ is not a reliable guide: Yukawa-dominated HNLs exist in models such as inverse seesaw, and for them the strongest constraint is not a dedicated search but the precision measurement of the Higgs boson width. In the zero-mixing case, the HL-LHC and FCC-ee reaches on $y$ are comparable, and Higgs width measurements impose the strongest constraints; in scenarios with nonzero mixing, sensitivity is dominated by the active-sterile mixing angle, with FCC-ee providing stringent limits. The paper also shows that FASER-2 can reach long-lived HNLs with $c\tau \sim 480$ m, and that displaced-vertex searches inside ATLAS and CMS cover the intermediate lifetime region. The overall implication is that HNL parameter space is best probed by a combination of precision Higgs physics and displaced or long-lived searches rather than prompt-only searches.

Load-bearing premise

The load-bearing premise is that the detector response is ideal, meaning 100% b-tagging, lepton-veto, and displaced-track reconstruction efficiency, with backgrounds either zero or a fixed 65 events at 3 ab$^{-1}$ obtained by linearly scaling ATLAS's 139 fb$^{-1}$ count; if real efficiencies are lower or backgrounds scale nonlinearly, the $3\sigma$ contours in the low-$y$, low-$V$ region shift and the claimed complementarity weakens.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • If HNLs with $V=0$ exist, the HL-LHC and FCC-ee will not beat each other on $y$; instead, improving the Higgs width measurement to the projected 5.3% (HL-LHC) and 1% (FCC-ee) precision is the surest route to exclude or discover them.
  • For nonzero mixing, resources are best spent on mixing-sensitive searches such as gauge-boson production and displaced vertices, because $V$ controls both production and decay in that region.
  • FASER-2 extends the HL-LHC program to HNLs with lifetimes around 480 m, covering masses down to 2 GeV that prompt and inner-tracker searches do not reach.
  • At FCC-ee, the Z-pole phase with 204 ab$^{-1}$ can exclude significant mixing parameter space for HNL masses near 10 to 20 GeV, while the $Zh$ phase mainly probes the Yukawa-only corner.
  • The free-parameter treatment makes the exclusion contours portable: any model that fixes the relation between $y$ and $V$ can be checked against these figures without redoing the collider simulation.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Beyond the paper: the most cost-efficient near-term probe of Yukawa-dominated HNLs is the Higgs width and invisible-width program, because those measurements scan all HNL masses below $m_h/2$ at once without requiring new detectors.
  • Beyond the paper: the same decouple-the-couplings logic should apply to any Higgs-portal hidden fermion, so the conclusion that precision width beats dedicated searches in the zero-mixing limit likely generalizes to other new-physics scenarios with suppressed mixing.
  • Beyond the paper: if an HNL signal is ever observed, its location in the $(y^2,V^2)$ plane would discriminate seesaw mechanisms: points far above the type-I seesaw line imply suppressed mixing such as inverse seesaw, while points near the line are consistent with canonical type-I seesaw.
  • Beyond the paper: the appendix's recast shows that existing mixing limits do not translate into useful Yukawa limits except in regions already excluded by Higgs-width constraints, implying that new Higgs-precision and displaced searches are the only realistic way to test Yukawa-dominated HNLs.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 5 minor

Summary. This paper presents a model-independent collider study of heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) in which the active-sterile mixing parameter V^2 and the Higgs Yukawa coupling y^2 are treated as independent free parameters. The authors compute HNL production and three-body decay widths with MadGraph (HeavyN model), then project sensitivities at the HL-LHC for prompt VBF Higgs decays h -> N nu (N -> nu b bbar), displaced vertices in the inner tracker, and long-lived decays into FASER-2. For FCC-ee they study the Z-pole and Zh (240 GeV) stages in both prompt and displaced channels, including a zero-mixing scenario and scenarios with nonzero mixing. The main conclusions are that (i) for zero mixing the HL-LHC and FCC-ee have comparable sensitivity to y^2, with the Higgs total and invisible width measurements providing the strongest constraints; and (ii) for nonzero mixing, the sensitivity is dominated by V^2, with the FCC-ee Z-pole providing stringent limits. The appendix recasts existing mixing limits from the (V^2, m_N) plane onto the (V^2, y^2) plane and finds no additional constraining power.

Significance. Decoupling y^2 from V^2 is a useful and increasingly relevant way to present HNL searches, since specific models (inverse seesaw, radiative models) violate the naive type-I seesaw relation; the reach curves in Figs. 2-9 map where each coupling dominates and where neither collider helps. Credit is due for concrete elements: explicit cut lists (S1-S7), standard widths and cross sections, externally referenced constraints (Higgs width, invisible width, mixing limits), public tool usage (MadGraph, FeynRules/HeavyN), and an appendix that honestly recasts existing limits (finding no additional power). The paper is also candid that the zero-background displaced assumption 'might be overly optimistic' (Sec. 4.2) and that the mu-jj channel with better reach is not considered (Sec. 5.1 footnote). The scientific value is moderate: these are projections without full detector simulation, but that is normal for this literature. The result would be significant if, after a matched-protocol comparison, the zero-mixing comparability claim survives.

major comments (3)
  1. [Sec. 6; Fig. 7 (left); Secs. 4.1, 5.1.2, 5.2.3] The central zero-mixing claim of Section 6 ('no significant enhancement in sensitivity to the Yukawa coupling when comparing the HL-LHC and FCC-ee') is a relative statement, but the two arms of Fig. 7 (left) are not computed under a common protocol. The HL-LHC prompt contours of Sec. 4.1 are 3-sigma discovery reaches for which no post-cut background yields, signal efficiencies, or significance formula are reported; the HL-LHC displaced contours are imported from Ref. [120] without restating their assumptions; and the FCC-ee displaced contours of Secs. 5.1.2 and 5.2.3 are drawn for 1, 10, and 100 observed events with no background or efficiency model stated. The caption of Fig. 7 does not say whether the blue FCC-ee contour is prompt, displaced, or combined, nor at which confidence level or event count. Because the two searches use different production modes (VBF Higgs at 14 TeV versus Zh at 240 GeV) and different counting definitions, mismatched confidence levels or efficiency assumptions can move the curves relative to each other by a large factor in y^2. The comparison should be re-run under a matched protocol (same significance definition, same background treatment, same efficiency assumptions applied to both colliders), or the authors should provide a table of the y^2 reach at fixed m_N under identical assumptions; as written, the paper establishes comparability only under two different, only partially documented analysis recipes.
  2. [Sec. 4.2; Fig. 3] The pessimistic displaced-vertex contour in Sec. 4.2 is obtained by taking a maximum of 3 background events from the ATLAS 139 fb^-1 analyses of Refs. [148, 149] and scaling them linearly to 65 events at 3 ab^-1. Linear scaling assumes the background is produced by processes whose rate is proportional to integrated luminosity and that no background-rejection improvement applies to the VBF-based selection (cuts S1, S3, S4 plus the displaced-jet requirements), which differs from the ATLAS selections being scaled. The factor of 65 directly shifts the thin contours in Fig. 3 and hence the size of the robustly excluded region. Please either justify the linear scaling for the present selection or treat the background parametrically (for example, show contours for 0, 3, and 65 background events, or for a sqrt(L) or saturating scaling) so the reader can see which parts of the exclusion region do not depend on this assumption.
  3. [Secs. 4.1, 4.2, 5.1.2, 5.2.3] The analyses never state the assumed reconstruction and tagging efficiencies. The prompt search applies the lepton/photon veto (S1) and the b-tag requirement (S2) as if they were perfectly efficient, and the displaced searches impose the window '1 mm <= d_xy <= 1 m and d_z <= 300 mm' with no tracking or vertex-finding efficiency. These efficiencies enter multiplicatively in the signal count, so the reach in y^2 scales as 1/epsilon at fixed event count; for epsilon = 0.5 the contours move by a factor of about two in y^2, which is the same order as the apparent separation between the HL-LHC and FCC-ee curves in Fig. 7 (left). The authors should state the efficiency assumptions explicitly and, ideally, quantify the sensitivity of the key contours (Figs. 3, 6, 7, and 9) to them.
minor comments (5)
  1. [Sec. 3] In the width compilation of Sec. 3, the quoted errors are mutually inconsistent within one paragraph: Gamma(Z -> nu nubar) = (501 +/- 0.045) MeV versus Gamma(Z -> inv) = (500 +/- 1.5) MeV, and Gamma(W+/- -> nu l+/-) = 679 +/- 0.12 MeV versus 679 +/- 0.01 MeV. Please harmonize these numbers with the PDG values cited as [131].
  2. [Fig. 5 caption] The caption of Fig. 5 says 'for three benchmark masses of the HNL, namely 45 and 70 GeV,' but the figure contains only two panels; correct the caption or add the m_N = 20 GeV panel used elsewhere.
  3. [Fig. 7 (left); Sec. 5.2.1] Fig. 7 (left) and Sec. 5.2.1 do not specify whether the blue FCC-ee contour is the prompt-only, displaced-only, or combined reach, nor which event-count threshold or confidence level it corresponds to; please state this in the caption (see also Major comment 1).
  4. [Secs. 4.2, 5.1.2, 5.2.3] The displaced-vertex window '1 mm <= d_xy <= 1 m and d_z <= 300 mm' is applied to the FCC-ee searches (Secs. 5.1.2 and 5.2.3) without stating the FCC-ee inner-tracker geometry; the maximum observable d_xy should be tied to the assumed detector radius.
  5. [Sec. 5.2.1; Fig. 7 (right)] The right panel of Fig. 7 introduces 'FCC-ee h pole' runs at 10 ab^-1 and 35 ab^-1, but Sec. 5.2.1 does not explain this operating mode (presumably e+e- -> h at sqrt(s) = m_h) or where these luminosity assumptions come from; please add one sentence of context.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 1.0 of 10

No significant circularity; the central FCC-ee/LHC comparison rests on external constraints and a separate prior HL-LHC analysis ([120]), not on a fitted parameter or a self-referential definition.

full rationale

The paper's projected reaches are computed from model inputs (Yukawa and mixing couplings), analytic partial widths (Sec. 3, Eqs. 3.1-3.3), MadGraph event generation with the HeavyN model, and Poisson event counting for displaced signatures (Secs. 4.2, 4.3, 5.1.2, 5.2.3). No parameter is fitted to data and then presented as a prediction. External inputs--PDG widths, ATLAS/CMS Higgs invisible and total width bounds, DELPHI/LEP and other mixing limits, and ATLAS background inputs from Refs. [148,149]--are used as constraints and calibration anchors, not as outputs of the derivation. The zero-mixing 'comparable sensitivity' claim is a comparison between the new FCC-ee calculation and the HL-LHC contours from the authors' earlier paper [120]. Although this is a self-citation and it is load-bearing for the relative statement, Ref. [120] is a separate published analysis with its own stated cuts and assumptions; it does not presuppose the FCC-ee result, and its contours are externally checkable rather than being recycled as the conclusion. The caveat that the two arms use different thresholds, background treatments, and event-count conventions is a robustness or protocol concern, not a circularity. Appendix A's recast (Eq. A.1) is a projection of existing V^2 limits onto the [V^2, y^2] plane with a branching-ratio correction, and the paper explicitly notes it provides no new insight; this is an honest mapping, not a renamed prediction. The statement that the Higgs width gives the strongest constraint follows from the computed h -> N nu width and the projected width uncertainties, so it is not an input disguised as an output. Overall, the derivation is self-contained apart from the minor, non-circular reliance on the prior HL-LHC study; score 1.

Assumptions & free parameters 3 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The paper's central results rest on no fitted parameters: y^2 and V^2 are scanned model inputs. The analysis does introduce hand-chosen benchmarks, cut thresholds, and a linear background scaling that affect the contours, and it assumes idealized detector performance. The HNL itself and the SM effective couplings are not invented here; they are prior literature inputs.

free parameters (3)
  • Displaced-background event count at 3 ab^-1 = 65 events
    Chosen by hand in Section 4.2 by scaling ATLAS's 3 observed events at 139 fb^-1 linearly; it directly sets the pessimistic sensitivity contour in Fig. 3 and similar displaced analyses.
  • Benchmark HNL masses = 2, 5, 10, 20, 45, 70 GeV
    Chosen ad hoc for the sensitivity scans; the reach in the (y^2, V^2) plane depends on mN through the decay widths and the kinematic cuts (e.g., m_bb windows).
  • Selection cut thresholds = pT > 60/40 GeV, HT > 140 GeV, Delta_eta > 3.5, m_j1j2 > 500 GeV, etc.
    Chosen by hand and labelled 'optimization' without a formal optimization procedure; they set the signal acceptance and background rejection and therefore the exact position of the 3-sigma contours.
assumptions (4)
  • standard math The production and decay widths in Eqs. (3.1)-(3.3) are complete and correct for the HNL interactions considered.
    Standard results from the HNL literature; the paper cites [120] and PDG values but does not rederive them.
  • domain assumption The Yukawa coupling y and the active-sterile mixing V can be treated as independent free parameters.
    Core of the 'without prejudice' approach; justified by references to inverse-seesaw and zero-mixing models [120,126,127], but the naturalness or generality of this decoupling is not demonstrated.
  • ad hoc to paper Background events for displaced searches scale linearly with luminosity from 139 fb^-1 to 3 ab^-1.
    Section 4.2; used to set the 65-event pessimistic background, with no justification that background composition scales linearly.
  • ad hoc to paper Detector response can be modeled by purely geometric and kinematic cuts with 100% efficiency.
    Sections 4 and 5; no efficiency, resolution, or fake-rate modeling is included, which is an optimistic assumption for the projected reaches.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Heavy Neutral Leptons without Prejudice." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/VJQEZ4VC

@misc{pith2026241212271,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Heavy Neutral Leptons without Prejudice},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/VJQEZ4VC}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2412.12271}
}
abstract

Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) provide a compelling extension to the Standard Model, addressing the neutrino masses, baryogenesis, and dark matter problems. We perform a model-independent collider study, decoupling the active-sterile mixing angle ($V$) from the Yukawa coupling ($y$), and explore sensitivities at the HL-LHC for prompt and displaced decays. We also consider the possibility of HNLs being long-lived particles decaying in far detectors as FASER. In addition, we study the expected reach at FCC-ee for the prompt and displaced cases. For zero mixing, FCC-ee and HL-LHC sensitivities to $y$ are comparable, with Higgs width measurements imposing the strongest constraints. With non-zero mixing, sensitivities are dominated by $V$, significantly constraining parameter space. This work highlights the importance of precision Higgs studies and displaced searches in probing HNLs at current and future colliders.

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

147 extracted references · 12 canonical work pages

  1. [120]

    Bernal, K

    N. Bernal, K. Deka and M. Losada, Discovering heavy neutral leptons with the Higgs boson , Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 055011 [ 2311.18033]

    arXiv 2024

  2. [1]

    ATLAS collaboration, Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC , Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 1 [ 1207.7214]

    arXiv 2012

  3. [2]

    CMS collaboration, Observation of a New Boson at a Mass of 125 GeV with the CMS Experiment at the LHC , Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 30 [ 1207.7235]

    arXiv 2012

  4. [3]

    Barber et al., Discovery of Three Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA Energies, Phys

    D.P. Barber et al., Discovery of Three Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA Energies, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 830

    1979

  5. [4]

    UA1 collaboration, Experimental Observation of Isolated Large Transverse Energy Electrons with Associated Missing Energy at √s = 540 GeV, Phys. Lett. B 122 (1983) 103

    1983

  6. [5]

    E598 collaboration, Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J, Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 (1974) 1404

    1974

  7. [6]

    Roy and S.U

    D.P. Roy and S.U. Sankar, B0 d - ¯B0 d Mixing as the Evidence for the Existence of the Top Quark, Phys. Lett. B 243 (1990) 296

    1990

  8. [7]

    CDF collaboration, Evidence for top quark production in ¯pp collisions at √s = 1.8 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 (1994) 225 [ hep-ex/9405005]

    arXiv 1994

Show all 147 references
  1. [8]

    Abazajian et al., Light Sterile Neutrinos: A White Paper , 1204.5379

    K.N. Abazajian et al., Light Sterile Neutrinos: A White Paper , 1204.5379

    arXiv

  2. [9]

    Abdullahi et al., The present and future status of heavy neutral leptons , J

    A.M. Abdullahi et al., The present and future status of heavy neutral leptons , J. Phys. G 50 (2023) 020501 [ 2203.08039]

    2023 arXiv

  3. [10]

    Minkowski, µ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 109 Muon Decays?, Phys

    P. Minkowski, µ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 109 Muon Decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421

    1977

  4. [11]

    Gell-Mann, P

    M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, Complex Spinors and Unified Theories , Conf. Proc. C 790927 (1979) 315 [ 1306.4669]

    1979 arXiv

  5. [12]

    Yanagida, Horizontal gauge symmetry and masses of neutrinos , Conf

    T. Yanagida, Horizontal gauge symmetry and masses of neutrinos , Conf. Proc. C 7902131 (1979) 95. – 16 –

    1979

  6. [13]

    Mohapatra and G

    R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanovic, Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parity Nonconservation , Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 912

    1980

  7. [14]

    Glashow, The Future of Elementary Particle Physics , NATO Sci

    S.L. Glashow, The Future of Elementary Particle Physics , NATO Sci. Ser. B 61 (1980) 687

    1980

  8. [15]

    Schechter and J.W.F

    J. Schechter and J.W.F. Valle, Neutrino Masses in SU (2) × U (1) Theories, Phys. Rev. D22 (1980) 2227

    1980

  9. [16]

    Schechter and J.W.F

    J. Schechter and J.W.F. Valle, Neutrino Decay and Spontaneous Violation of Lepton Number , Phys. Rev. D 25 (1982) 774

    1982

  10. [17]

    R. Foot, H. Lew, X.G. He and G.C. Joshi, Seesaw Neutrino Masses Induced by a Triplet of Leptons, Z. Phys. C 44 (1989) 441

    1989

  11. [18]

    Ma, Pathways to naturally small neutrino masses , Phys

    E. Ma, Pathways to naturally small neutrino masses , Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1171 [hep-ph/9805219]

    1998 arXiv

  12. [19]

    Choudhury, K

    D. Choudhury, K. Deka, T. Mandal and S. Sadhukhan, Neutrino and Z ′ phenomenology in an anomaly-free U (1) extension: role of higher-dimensional operators , JHEP 06 (2020) 111 [2002.02349]

    2020 arXiv

  13. [20]

    Fukugita and T

    M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification , Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45

    1986

  14. [21]

    Akhmedov, V.A

    E.K. Akhmedov, V.A. Rubakov and A.Y. Smirnov, Baryogenesis via neutrino oscillations , Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1359 [ hep-ph/9803255]

    1998 arXiv

  15. [22]

    Asaka and M

    T. Asaka and M. Shaposhnikov, The νMSM, dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe, Phys. Lett. B 620 (2005) 17 [ hep-ph/0505013]

    2005 arXiv

  16. [23]

    Davidson, E

    S. Davidson, E. Nardi and Y. Nir, Leptogenesis, Phys. Rept. 466 (2008) 105 [ 0802.2962]

    2008 arXiv

  17. [24]

    Hambye and D

    T. Hambye and D. Teresi, Higgs doublet decay as the origin of the baryon asymmetry , Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 (2016) 091801 [ 1606.00017]

    2016 arXiv

  18. [25]

    K. Deka, T. Mandal, A. Mukherjee and S. Sadhukhan, Leptogenesis in an anomaly-free U(1) extension with higher-dimensional operators , Nucl. Phys. B 991 (2023) 116213 [ 2105.15088]

    2023 arXiv

  19. [26]

    Dodelson and L.M

    S. Dodelson and L.M. Widrow, Sterile-neutrinos as dark matter , Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 17 [hep-ph/9303287]

    1994 arXiv

  20. [27]

    Shi and G.M

    X.-D. Shi and G.M. Fuller, A New dark matter candidate: Nonthermal sterile neutrinos , Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2832 [ astro-ph/9810076]

    1999 arXiv

  21. [28]

    Abazajian, G.M

    K. Abazajian, G.M. Fuller and M. Patel, Sterile neutrino hot, warm, and cold dark matter , Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 023501 [ astro-ph/0101524]

    2001 arXiv

  22. [29]

    Cline, M

    J.M. Cline, M. Puel and T. Toma, A little theory of everything, with heavy neutral leptons , JHEP 05 (2020) 039 [ 2001.11505]

    2020 arXiv

  23. [30]

    Asaka, S

    T. Asaka, S. Blanchet and M. Shaposhnikov, The νMSM, dark matter and neutrino masses , Phys. Lett. B 631 (2005) 151 [ hep-ph/0503065]

    2005 arXiv

  24. [31]

    DELPHI collaboration, Search for neutral heavy leptons produced in Z decays , Z. Phys. C74 (1997) 57

    1997

  25. [32]

    ATLAS collaboration, Inclusive search for same-sign dilepton signatures in pp collisions at√s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector , JHEP 10 (2011) 107 [ 1108.0366]

    2011 arXiv

  26. [33]

    CMS collaboration, Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in µ±µ±+ jets and e±e±+ jets events in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV, Phys. Lett. B717 (2012) 109 [ 1207.6079]

    2012 arXiv

  27. [35]

    ATLAS collaboration, Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV, JHEP 07 (2015) 162 [ 1506.06020]

    2015 arXiv

  28. [36]

    CMS collaboration, Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in ee+ jets and e µ+ jets events in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV, JHEP 04 (2016) 169 [ 1603.02248]

    2016 arXiv

  29. [38]

    del ´Aguila, J.A

    F. del ´Aguila, J.A. Aguilar-Saavedra and R. Pittau, Heavy neutrino signals at large hadron colliders, JHEP 10 (2007) 047 [ hep-ph/0703261]

    2007 arXiv

  30. [39]

    del ´Aguila and J.A

    F. del ´Aguila and J.A. Aguilar-Saavedra, Distinguishing seesaw models at LHC with multi-lepton signals , Nucl. Phys. B813 (2009) 22 [ 0808.2468]

    2009 arXiv

  31. [40]

    del ´Aguila and J.A

    F. del ´Aguila and J.A. Aguilar-Saavedra, Electroweak scale seesaw and heavy Dirac neutrino signals at LHC , Phys. Lett. B672 (2009) 158 [ 0809.2096]

    2009 arXiv

  32. [41]

    A. Atre, T. Han, S. Pascoli and B. Zhang, The Search for Heavy Majorana Neutrinos , JHEP 05 (2009) 030 [ 0901.3589]

    2009 arXiv

  33. [42]

    Bhupal Dev, R

    P.S. Bhupal Dev, R. Franceschini and R.N. Mohapatra, Bounds on TeV Seesaw Models from LHC Higgs Data , Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 093010 [ 1207.2756]

    2012 arXiv

  34. [43]

    P.S.B. Dev, A. Pilaftsis and U.-k. Yang, New Production Mechanism for Heavy Neutrinos at the LHC , Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 081801 [ 1308.2209]

    2014 arXiv

  35. [44]

    Das, P.S

    A. Das, P.S. Bhupal Dev and N. Okada, Direct bounds on electroweak scale pseudo-Dirac neutrinos from √s = 8 TeV LHC data , Phys. Lett. B735 (2014) 364 [ 1405.0177]

    2014 arXiv

  36. [45]

    D. Alva, T. Han and R. Ruiz, Heavy Majorana neutrinos from W γfusion at hadron colliders , JHEP 02 (2015) 072 [ 1411.7305]

    2015 arXiv

  37. [46]

    Deppisch, P.S

    F.F. Deppisch, P.S. Bhupal Dev and A. Pilaftsis, Neutrinos and Collider Physics , New J. Phys. 17 (2015) 075019 [ 1502.06541]

    2015 arXiv

  38. [47]

    Banerjee, P.S.B

    S. Banerjee, P.S.B. Dev, A. Ibarra, T. Mandal and M. Mitra, Prospects of Heavy Neutrino Searches at Future Lepton Colliders , Phys. Rev. D92 (2015) 075002 [ 1503.05491]

    2015 arXiv

  39. [48]

    Arganda, M.J

    E. Arganda, M.J. Herrero, X. Marcano and C. Weiland, Exotic µτ jjevents from heavy ISS neutrinos at the LHC , Phys. Lett. B752 (2016) 46 [ 1508.05074]

    2016 arXiv

  40. [49]

    Das and N

    A. Das and N. Okada, Improved bounds on the heavy neutrino productions at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D93 (2016) 033003 [ 1510.04790]

    2016 arXiv

  41. [50]

    Degrande, O

    C. Degrande, O. Mattelaer, R. Ruiz and J. Turner, Fully-Automated Precision Predictions for Heavy Neutrino Production Mechanisms at Hadron Colliders , Phys. Rev. D94 (2016) 053002 [1602.06957]

    2016 arXiv

  42. [51]

    Mitra, R

    M. Mitra, R. Ruiz, D.J. Scott and M. Spannowsky, Neutrino Jets from High-Mass WR Gauge Bosons in TeV-Scale Left-Right Symmetric Models , Phys. Rev. D94 (2016) 095016 [1607.03504]

    2016 arXiv

  43. [52]

    Das, P.S.B

    A. Das, P.S.B. Dev and C.S. Kim, Constraining Sterile Neutrinos from Precision Higgs Data , Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 115013 [ 1704.00880]

    2017 arXiv

  44. [53]

    A. Das, Y. Gao and T. Kamon, Heavy neutrino search via semileptonic Higgs decay at the LHC, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 424 [ 1704.00881]

    2019 arXiv

  45. [54]

    R. Ruiz, M. Spannowsky and P. Waite, Heavy neutrinos from gluon fusion , Phys. Rev. D96 (2017) 055042 [ 1706.02298]

    2017 arXiv

  46. [55]

    Y. Cai, T. Han, T. Li and R. Ruiz, Lepton Number Violation: Seesaw Models and Their Collider Tests, Front.in Phys. 6 (2018) 40 [ 1711.02180]. – 18 –

    2018 arXiv

  47. [56]

    Accomando, L

    E. Accomando, L. Delle Rose, S. Moretti, E. Olaiya and C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Extra Higgs boson and Z’ as portals to signatures of heavy neutrinos at the LHC , JHEP 02 (2018) 109 [ 1708.03650]

    2018 arXiv

  48. [57]

    Drewes, J

    M. Drewes, J. Hajer, J. Klaric and G. Lanfranchi, NA62 sensitivity to heavy neutral leptons in the low scale seesaw model , JHEP 07 (2018) 105 [ 1801.04207]

    2018 arXiv

  49. [58]

    Pascoli, R

    S. Pascoli, R. Ruiz and C. Weiland, Safe Jet Vetoes, Phys. Lett. B786 (2018) 106 [1805.09335]

    2018 arXiv

  50. [59]

    Bhaskar, Y

    A. Bhaskar, Y. Chaurasia, K. Deka, T. Mandal, S. Mitra and A. Mukherjee, Right-handed neutrino pair production via second-generation leptoquarks , Phys. Lett. B 843 (2023) 138039 [2301.11889]

    2023 arXiv

  51. [60]

    Gronau, C.N

    M. Gronau, C.N. Leung and J.L. Rosner, Extending Limits on Neutral Heavy Leptons , Phys. Rev. D29 (1984) 2539

    1984

  52. [61]

    Nemevˇ sek, F

    M. Nemevˇ sek, F. Nesti, G. Senjanovi´ c and Y. Zhang,First Limits on Left-Right Symmetry Scale from LHC Data , Phys. Rev. D83 (2011) 115014 [ 1103.1627]

    2011 arXiv

  53. [62]

    J.C. Helo, M. Hirsch and S. Kovalenko, Heavy neutrino searches at the LHC with displaced vertices, Phys. Rev. D89 (2014) 073005 [ 1312.2900]

    2014 arXiv

  54. [63]

    Izaguirre and B

    E. Izaguirre and B. Shuve, Multilepton and Lepton Jet Probes of Sub-Weak-Scale Right-Handed Neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D91 (2015) 093010 [ 1504.02470]

    2015 arXiv

  55. [64]

    Dib and C.S

    C.O. Dib and C.S. Kim, Discovering sterile Neutrinos ligther than MW at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 093009 [ 1509.05981]

    2015 arXiv

  56. [65]

    S. Dube, D. Gadkari and A.M. Thalapillil, Lepton-Jets and Low-Mass Sterile Neutrinos at Hadron Colliders , Phys. Rev. D96 (2017) 055031 [ 1707.00008]

    2017 arXiv

  57. [66]

    Cottin, J.C

    G. Cottin, J.C. Helo and M. Hirsch, Searches for light sterile neutrinos with multitrack displaced vertices, Phys. Rev. D97 (2018) 055025 [ 1801.02734]

    2018 arXiv

  58. [67]

    Cottin, J.C

    G. Cottin, J.C. Helo and M. Hirsch, Displaced vertices as probes of sterile neutrino mixing at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D98 (2018) 035012 [ 1806.05191]

    2018 arXiv

  59. [68]

    Dib, C.S

    C.O. Dib, C.S. Kim, N.A. Neill and X.-B. Yuan, Search for sterile neutrinos decaying into pions at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D97 (2018) 035022 [ 1801.03624]

    2018 arXiv

  60. [69]

    Nemevˇ sek, F

    M. Nemevˇ sek, F. Nesti and G. Popara, Keung-Senjanovi´ c process at the LHC: From lepton number violation to displaced vertices to invisible decays , Phys. Rev. D97 (2018) 115018 [1801.05813]

    2018 arXiv

  61. [70]

    Abada, N

    A. Abada, N. Bernal, M. Losada and X. Marcano, Inclusive Displaced Vertex Searches for Heavy Neutral Leptons at the LHC , JHEP 01 (2019) 093 [ 1807.10024]

    2019 arXiv

  62. [71]

    Marcano, Heavy Neutral Leptons and displaced vertices at LHC , in 53rd Rencontres de Moriond on Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories , pp

    X. Marcano, Heavy Neutral Leptons and displaced vertices at LHC , in 53rd Rencontres de Moriond on Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories , pp. 311–316, 2018 [ 1808.04705]

    2018 arXiv

  63. [72]

    Abada, N

    A. Abada, N. Bernal, M. Losada and X. Marcano, Searching for Heavy Neutral Leptons with Displaced Vertices at the LHC , in 38th International Symposium on Physics in Collision , 12, 2018 [1812.01720]

    2018 arXiv

  64. [73]

    Dib, C.S

    C.O. Dib, C.S. Kim and S. Tapia Araya, Search for light sterile neutrinos from W ± decays at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 035022 [ 1903.04905]

    2020 arXiv

  65. [74]

    Pilaftsis, Radiatively induced neutrino masses and large Higgs neutrino couplings in the standard model with Majorana fields , Z

    A. Pilaftsis, Radiatively induced neutrino masses and large Higgs neutrino couplings in the standard model with Majorana fields , Z. Phys. C 55 (1992) 275 [ hep-ph/9901206]

    1992 arXiv

  66. [75]

    Maiezza, M

    A. Maiezza, M. Nemevˇ sek and F. Nesti, Lepton Number Violation in Higgs Decay at LHC , Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 081802 [ 1503.06834]. – 19 –

    2015 arXiv

  67. [76]

    A.M. Gago, P. Hern´ andez, J. Jones-P´ erez, M. Losada and A. Moreno Brice˜ no,Probing the Type I Seesaw Mechanism with Displaced Vertices at the LHC , Eur. Phys. J. C75 (2015) 470 [1505.05880]

    2015 arXiv

  68. [77]

    Accomando, L

    E. Accomando, L. Delle Rose, S. Moretti, E. Olaiya and C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Novel SM-like Higgs decay into displaced heavy neutrino pairs in U (1)′ models, JHEP 04 (2017) 081 [ 1612.05977]

    2017 arXiv

  69. [78]

    Nemevˇ sek, F

    M. Nemevˇ sek, F. Nesti and J.C. V´ asquez,Majorana Higgses at colliders , JHEP 04 (2017) 114 [1612.06840]

    2017 arXiv

  70. [79]

    Caputo, P

    A. Caputo, P. Hern´ andez, J. L´ opez-Pav´ on and J. Salvado,The seesaw portal in testable models of neutrino masses , JHEP 06 (2017) 112 [ 1704.08721]

    2017 arXiv

  71. [80]

    Deppisch, W

    F.F. Deppisch, W. Liu and M. Mitra, Long-lived Heavy Neutrinos from Higgs Decays , JHEP 08 (2018) 181 [ 1804.04075]

    2018 arXiv

  72. [81]

    J. Liu, Z. Liu and L.-T. Wang, Enhancing Long-Lived Particles Searches at the LHC with Precision Timing Information , Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 (2019) 131801 [ 1805.05957]

    2019 arXiv

  73. [82]

    Antusch, E

    S. Antusch, E. Cazzato and O. Fischer, Sterile neutrino searches via displaced vertices at LHCb, Phys. Lett. B774 (2017) 114 [ 1706.05990]

    2017 arXiv

  74. [83]

    LBNE collaboration, The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe , 1307.7335

    arXiv

  75. [84]

    G¨ unther, J

    J.Y. G¨ unther, J. de Vries, H.K. Dreiner, Z.S. Wang and G. Zhou, Long-lived neutral fermions at the DUNE near detector , JHEP 01 (2024) 108 [ 2310.12392]

    2024 arXiv

  76. [85]

    Coloma, P.A.N

    P. Coloma, P.A.N. Machado, I. Mart ´ ınez-Soler and I.M. Shoemaker,Double-Cascade Events from New Physics in Icecube , Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 (2017) 201804 [ 1707.08573]

    2017 arXiv

  77. [86]

    FCC-ee study Teamcollaboration, Search for Heavy Right Handed Neutrinos at the FCC-ee, Nucl. Part. Phys. Proc. 273-275 (2016) 1883 [ 1411.5230]

    2016 arXiv

  78. [87]

    Antusch, E

    S. Antusch, E. Cazzato and O. Fischer, Displaced vertex searches for sterile neutrinos at future lepton colliders , JHEP 12 (2016) 007 [ 1604.02420]

    2016 arXiv

  79. [88]

    Alekhin et al., A facility to Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case, Rept

    S. Alekhin et al., A facility to Search for Hidden Particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case, Rept. Prog. Phys. 79 (2016) 124201 [ 1504.04855]

    2016 arXiv

  80. [89]

    SHiP collaboration, A facility to Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) at the CERN SPS , 1504.04956

    arXiv

  81. [90]

    Bonivento et al., Proposal to Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons at the SPS , 1310.1762

    W. Bonivento et al., Proposal to Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons at the SPS , 1310.1762

    arXiv

  82. [91]

    CMS collaboration, Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in µ±µ±+ jets events in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV , Phys. Lett. B 748 (2015) 144 [ 1501.05566]

    2015 arXiv

  83. [92]

    CMS collaboration, Search for heavy neutral leptons in events with three charged leptons in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 (2018) 221801 [ 1802.02965]

    2018 arXiv

  84. [93]

    ATLAS collaboration, Search for heavy neutral leptons in decays of W bosons produced in 13 TeV pp collisions using prompt and displaced signatures with the ATLAS detector , JHEP 10 (2019) 265 [ 1905.09787]

    2019 arXiv

  85. [94]

    CMS collaboration, Search for long-lived heavy neutral leptons with displaced vertices in proton-proton collisions at √s =13 TeV, JHEP 07 (2022) 081 [ 2201.05578]

    2022 arXiv

  86. [95]

    ATLAS collaboration, Search for Heavy Neutral Leptons in Decays of W Bosons Using a Dilepton Displaced Vertex in s=13 TeV pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector , Phys. Rev. Lett. 131 (2023) 061803 [ 2204.11988]

    2023 arXiv

  87. [96]

    J.L. Feng, I. Galon, F. Kling and S. Trojanowski, ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC , Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 035001 [ 1708.09389]. – 20 –

    2018 arXiv

  88. [97]

    F ASERcollaboration, F ASER’s physics reach for long-lived particles, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 095011 [1811.12522]

    2019 arXiv

  89. [98]

    Pinfold, The MoEDAL Experiment at the LHC—A Progress Report , Universe 5 (2019) 47

    J.L. Pinfold, The MoEDAL Experiment at the LHC—A Progress Report , Universe 5 (2019) 47

    2019

  90. [99]

    Pinfold, The MoEDAL experiment: a new light on the high-energy frontier , Phil

    J.L. Pinfold, The MoEDAL experiment: a new light on the high-energy frontier , Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 377 (2019) 20190382

    2019

  91. [100]

    J.P. Chou, D. Curtin and H.J. Lubatti, New Detectors to Explore the Lifetime Frontier , Phys. Lett. B 767 (2017) 29 [ 1606.06298]

    2017 arXiv

  92. [101]

    Curtin et al., Long-Lived Particles at the Energy Frontier: The MATHUSLA Physics Case , Rept

    D. Curtin et al., Long-Lived Particles at the Energy Frontier: The MATHUSLA Physics Case , Rept. Prog. Phys. 82 (2019) 116201 [ 1806.07396]

    2019 arXiv

  93. [102]

    MATHUSLA collaboration, An Update to the Letter of Intent for MATHUSLA: Search for Long-Lived Particles at the HL-LHC , 2009.01693

    2009 arXiv

  94. [103]

    Bauer, O

    M. Bauer, O. Brandt, L. Lee and C. Ohm, ANUBIS: Proposal to search for long-lived neutral particles in CERN service shafts , 1909.13022

    1909

  95. [104]

    Gligorov, S

    V.V. Gligorov, S. Knapen, M. Papucci and D.J. Robinson, Searching for Long-lived Particles: A Compact Detector for Exotics at LHCb , Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 015023 [ 1708.09395]

    2018 arXiv

  96. [105]

    Cerci et al., F ACET: A new long-lived particle detector in the very forward region of the CMS experiment, JHEP 06 (2022) 110 [ 2201.00019]

    S. Cerci et al., F ACET: A new long-lived particle detector in the very forward region of the CMS experiment, JHEP 06 (2022) 110 [ 2201.00019]

    2022

  97. [106]

    Caputo, P

    A. Caputo, P. Hern´ andez, M. Kekic, J. L´ opez-Pav´ on and J. Salvado,The seesaw path to leptonic CP violation , Eur. Phys. J. C77 (2017) 258 [ 1611.05000]

    2017 arXiv

  98. [107]

    S. Jana, N. Okada and D. Raut, Displaced vertex signature of type-I seesaw model , Phys. Rev. D98 (2018) 035023 [ 1804.06828]

    2018 arXiv

  99. [108]

    Kling and S

    F. Kling and S. Trojanowski, Heavy Neutral Leptons at F ASER, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 095016 [1801.08947]

    2018 arXiv

  100. [109]

    J.C. Helo, M. Hirsch and Z.S. Wang, Heavy neutral fermions at the high-luminosity LHC , JHEP 07 (2018) 056 [ 1803.02212]

    2018 arXiv

  101. [110]

    Dercks, H.K

    D. Dercks, H.K. Dreiner, M. Hirsch and Z.S. Wang, Long-Lived Fermions at AL3X , Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 055020 [ 1811.01995]

    2019 arXiv

  102. [111]

    Deppisch, S

    F. Deppisch, S. Kulkarni and W. Liu, Heavy neutrino production via Z ′ at the lifetime frontier, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 035005 [ 1905.11889]

    2019 arXiv

  103. [112]

    Frank, M

    M. Frank, M. de Montigny, P.-P.A. Ouimet, J. Pinfold, A. Shaa and M. Staelens, Searching for Heavy Neutrinos with the MoEDAL-MAPP Detector at the LHC , Phys. Lett. B 802 (2020) 135204 [ 1909.05216]

    2020 arXiv

  104. [113]

    Jones-P´ erez, J

    J. Jones-P´ erez, J. Masias and J.D. Ruiz-´Alvarez, Search for Long-Lived Heavy Neutrinos at the LHC with a VBF Trigger , Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 642 [ 1912.08206]

    2020 arXiv

  105. [114]

    Hirsch and Z.S

    M. Hirsch and Z.S. Wang, Heavy neutral leptons at ANUBIS , Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 055034 [2001.04750]

    2020 arXiv

  106. [115]

    J. Li, W. Liu and H. Sun, Z’ mediated right-handed neutrinos from meson decays at the F ASER, Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024) 035022 [ 2309.05020]

    2024 arXiv

  107. [116]

    Bhattacherjee, H.K

    B. Bhattacherjee, H.K. Dreiner, N. Ghosh, S. Matsumoto, R. Sengupta and P. Solanki, Light long-lived particles at the FCC-hh with the proposal for a dedicated forward detector FOREHUNT and a transverse detector DELIGHT , Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 015036 [2306.11803]

    2024 arXiv

  108. [117]

    Deppisch, S

    F.F. Deppisch, S. Kulkarni and W. Liu, Sterile Neutrinos at MAPP in the B-L Model , 11, 2023 [2311.01719]. – 21 –

    2023

  109. [118]

    J.L. Feng, A. Hewitt, F. Kling and D. La Rocco, Simulating heavy neutral leptons with general couplings at collider and fixed target experiments , Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 035029 [2405.07330]

    2024 arXiv

  110. [119]

    Agapov et al., Future Circular Lepton Collider FCC-ee: Overview and Status , in Snowmass 2021, 3, 2022 [ 2203.08310]

    I. Agapov et al., Future Circular Lepton Collider FCC-ee: Overview and Status , in Snowmass 2021, 3, 2022 [ 2203.08310]

    2021 arXiv

  111. [121]

    Esteban, M.C

    I. Esteban, M.C. Gonz´ alez-Garc ´ ıa, M. Maltoni, T. Schwetz and A. Zhou,The fate of hints: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations , JHEP 09 (2020) 178 [2007.14792]

    2020 arXiv

  112. [122]

    de Salas, D.V

    P.F. de Salas, D.V. Forero, S. Gariazzo, P. Mart ´ ınez-Mirav´ e, O. Mena, C.A. Ternes et al.,2020 global reassessment of the neutrino oscillation picture , JHEP 02 (2021) 071 [ 2006.11237]

    2021 arXiv

  113. [123]

    18 (2022) 160 [ 2105.08533]

    KATRIN collaboration, Direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-electronvolt sensitivity , Nature Phys. 18 (2022) 160 [ 2105.08533]

    2022 arXiv

  114. [124]

    Dias, C.A

    A.G. Dias, C.A. de S. Pires, P.S. Rodrigues da Silva and A. Sampieri, A Simple Realization of the Inverse Seesaw Mechanism , Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 035007 [ 1206.2590]

    2012 arXiv

  115. [125]

    Fraser, E

    S. Fraser, E. Ma and O. Popov, Scotogenic Inverse Seesaw Model of Neutrino Mass , Phys. Lett. B 737 (2014) 280 [ 1408.4785]

    2014 arXiv

  116. [126]

    Ma and R

    E. Ma and R. Srivastava, Dirac or inverse seesaw neutrino masses with B − L gauge symmetry and S3 flavor symmetry , Phys. Lett. B 741 (2015) 217 [ 1411.5042]

    2015 arXiv

  117. [127]

    Centelles Chuli´ a, E

    S. Centelles Chuli´ a, E. Ma, R. Srivastava and J.W.F. Valle,Dirac Neutrinos and Dark Matter Stability from Lepton Quarticity , Phys. Lett. B 767 (2017) 209 [ 1606.04543]

    2017 arXiv

  118. [128]

    Ma, Verifiable radiative seesaw mechanism of neutrino mass and dark matter , Phys

    E. Ma, Verifiable radiative seesaw mechanism of neutrino mass and dark matter , Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006) 077301 [ hep-ph/0601225]

    2006 arXiv

  119. [129]

    Y. Cai, J. Herrero-Garc ´ ıa, M.A. Schmidt, A. Vicente and R.R. Volkas,From the trees to the forest: a review of radiative neutrino mass models , Front. in Phys. 5 (2017) 63 [ 1706.08524]

    2017 arXiv

  120. [130]

    Deciphering the Nature of the Higgs Sector , 1610.07922

    LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Groupcollaboration, Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 4. Deciphering the Nature of the Higgs Sector , 1610.07922

    arXiv

  121. [131]

    Particle Data Groupcollaboration, Review of particle physics , Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 030001

    2024

  122. [132]

    de Blas, J

    J. de Blas, J. Gu and Z. Liu, Higgs boson precision measurements at a 125 GeV muon collider, Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) 073007 [ 2203.04324]

    2022 arXiv

  123. [133]

    Freitas et al., Theoretical uncertainties for electroweak and Higgs-boson precision measurements at FCC-ee, 1906.05379

    A. Freitas et al., Theoretical uncertainties for electroweak and Higgs-boson precision measurements at FCC-ee, 1906.05379

    1906 arXiv

  124. [134]

    Fern´ andez-Mart ´ ınez, M

    E. Fern´ andez-Mart ´ ınez, M. Gonz´ alez-L´ opez, J. Hern´ andez-Garc ´ ıa, M. Hostert and J. L´ opez-Pav´ on,Effective portals to heavy neutral leptons , JHEP 09 (2023) 001 [ 2304.06772]

    2023 arXiv

  125. [135]

    https://github.com/mhostert/Heavy-Neutrino-Limits

  126. [136]

    Alwall, R

    J. Alwall, R. Frederix, S. Frixione, V. Hirschi, F. Maltoni, O. Mattelaer et al., The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations , JHEP 07 (2014) 079 [ 1405.0301]

    2014 arXiv

  127. [137]

    Frederix, S

    R. Frederix, S. Frixione, V. Hirschi, D. Pagani, H.S. Shao and M. Zaro, The automation of next-to-leading order electroweak calculations, JHEP 07 (2018) 185 [ 1804.10017]

    2018 arXiv

  128. [138]

    Degrande, C

    C. Degrande, C. Duhr, B. Fuks, D. Grellscheid, O. Mattelaer and T. Reiter, UFO - The Universal FeynRules Output , Comput. Phys. Commun. 183 (2012) 1201 [ 1108.2040]. – 22 –

    2012 arXiv

  129. [139]

    Alloul, N.D

    A. Alloul, N.D. Christensen, C. Degrande, C. Duhr and B. Fuks, FeynRules 2.0 - A complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology, Comput. Phys. Commun. 185 (2014) 2250 [ 1310.1921]

    2014 arXiv

  130. [140]

    ATLAS collaboration, Combination of searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson using 139 fb −1 of proton-proton collision data at √s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment , Phys. Lett. B 842 (2023) 137963 [ 2301.10731]

    2023 arXiv

  131. [141]

    CMS collaboration, A search for decays of the Higgs boson to invisible particles in events with a t¯t quark pair or a vector boson in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 83 (2023) 933 [ 2303.01214]

    2023 arXiv

  132. [142]

    Dawson et al., Report of the Topical Group on Higgs Physics for Snowmass 2021: The Case for Precision Higgs Physics , in Snowmass 2021 , 9, 2022 [ 2209.07510]

    S. Dawson et al., Report of the Topical Group on Higgs Physics for Snowmass 2021: The Case for Precision Higgs Physics , in Snowmass 2021 , 9, 2022 [ 2209.07510]

    2021 arXiv

  133. [143]

    ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the Z boson invisible width at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Lett. B 854 (2024) 138705 [ 2312.02789]

    2024 arXiv

  134. [144]

    https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/LHCPhysics/LHCHWGGGF_RUN2

  135. [145]

    https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/LHCPhysics/LHCHWGVBF

  136. [146]

    Muselli, M

    C. Muselli, M. Bonvini, S. Forte, S. Marzani and G. Ridolfi, Top Quark Pair Production beyond NNLO, JHEP 08 (2015) 076 [ 1505.02006]

    2015 arXiv

  137. [147]

    ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector , Eur. Phys. J. C 71 (2011) 1846 [1109.6833]

    2011 arXiv

  138. [148]

    ATLAS collaboration, Search for neutral long-lived particles in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV that decay into displaced hadronic jets in the ATLAS calorimeter , JHEP 06 (2022) 005 [2203.01009]

    2022 arXiv

  139. [149]

    ATLAS collaboration, Search for long-lived, massive particles in events with displaced vertices and multiple jets in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector , JHEP 2306 (2023) 200 [ 2301.13866]. – 23 –

    2023 arXiv

Pith tools

Reviewed August 11, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.