Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.09586.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2608.09586 v1

Coverage vector

measured 41 of 41 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.814379Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

41 of 41 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy22
unresolved18
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 92451f94-8720-4047-b76c-4dac168aeb94 · outbound

This paper cites Using counterfactual regret minimization to create competitive multiplayer poker agents.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Using counterfactual regret minimization to create competitive multiplayer poker agents

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.457055Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ebbc12f4-477f-46b5-995b-7af06df0385b · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Qwen Technical Report

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.646733Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8104436c-df10-4d73-b7a3-7071526909c4 · outbound

This paper cites Opponent modeling in poker.Aaai/iaai, 493(499):105, 1998.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Opponent modeling in poker.Aaai/iaai, 493(499):105, 1998

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.434272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation db8fa8fc-518c-4c31-b169-ecec9cd05be3 · outbound

This paper cites Heads-up limit hold’em poker is solved.Science, 347(6218):145–149, 2015.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Heads-up limit hold’em poker is solved.Science, 347(6218):145–149, 2015

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.413296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 555b44e2-ffb1-4a09-bdea-7213e88d0c0b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.396880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation da256e99-6ba0-432b-86dd-b916bff978b6 · outbound

This paper cites Superhuman ai for heads-up no-limit poker: Libratus beats top professionals.Science, 359(6374):418–424, 2018.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Superhuman ai for heads-up no-limit poker: Libratus beats top professionals.Science, 359(6374):418–424, 2018

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.665642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5aea766-2fea-497c-82c2-1b31a2325f2a · outbound

This paper cites Superhuman ai for multiplayer poker.Science, 365(6456): 885–890, 2019.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Superhuman ai for multiplayer poker.Science, 365(6456): 885–890, 2019

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.670169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 445b8e4c-f1e7-4583-85b1-7a58b6e9852d · outbound

This paper cites An investigation into tournament poker strategy using evolutionary algorithms.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs An investigation into tournament poker strategy using evolutionary algorithms

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.362546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 93a48a4f-787f-46eb-aa80-7f606b763fb4 · outbound

This paper cites Gambler’s ruin and the icm.Statistical Science, 37(3): 289–305, 2022.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Gambler’s ruin and the icm.Statistical Science, 37(3): 289–305, 2022

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.348466Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 61c0df4a-5cfc-4fc7-90ec-02cefcd715a3 · outbound

This paper cites Computing an approximate jam/fold equilibrium for 3-player no-limit texas hold’em tournaments.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Computing an approximate jam/fold equilibrium for 3-player no-limit texas hold’em tournaments

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.333186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation aeaca768-c12e-47d2-89d2-619b89c68ea4 · outbound

This paper cites Computing equilibria in multiplayer stochastic games of imperfect information.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Computing equilibria in multiplayer stochastic games of imperfect information

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.320070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 9e60d6af-63cc-466a-821e-f0909279577c · outbound

This paper cites Successful nash equilibrium agent for a three-player imperfect-information game.Games, 9(2):33, 2018.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Successful nash equilibrium agent for a three-player imperfect-information game.Games, 9(2):33, 2018

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.307322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 9de64015-0e0d-4ea4-a833-6221ec7aba8e · outbound

This paper cites Regret minimization in multiplayer extensive games.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Regret minimization in multiplayer extensive games

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.293060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation b0ecbb25-86f3-4e8e-940d-51c0fe8f59a7 · outbound

This paper cites On strategy stitching in large extensive form multiplayer games.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 24, 2011.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs On strategy stitching in large extensive form multiplayer games.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 24, 2011

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.279332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8685ec5a-8c0d-4767-aa7a-219954e41e98 · outbound

This paper cites Lossless abstraction of imperfect information games.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Lossless abstraction of imperfect information games

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.265811Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 2a7f78b1-fb7d-49e3-81aa-df599c66c61a · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.706867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 645798f7-707f-4981-b613-2984ad42c77f · outbound

This paper cites Suspicion-Agent: Playing Imperfect Information Games with Theory of Mind Aware GPT-4.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Suspicion-Agent: Playing Imperfect Information Games with Theory of Mind Aware GPT-4

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.711588Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 06b9a56b-1884-45a3-acc9-bf8b3b424d47 · outbound

This paper cites Are ChatGPT and GPT-4 Good Poker Players? -- A Pre-Flop Analysis.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Are ChatGPT and GPT-4 Good Poker Players? -- A Pre-Flop Analysis

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.716128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dd72abd1-5894-4dfd-a494-2f1a40e995db · outbound

This paper cites Harville.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Harville

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.720615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c1a5dbff-1cab-4848-8ea4-6644c88d9e17 · outbound

This paper cites Effective short-term opponent exploitation in simplified poker.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Effective short-term opponent exploitation in simplified poker

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.252297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f6659a7c-65de-4e93-9fe7-f73860e5310c · outbound

This paper cites PokerGPT: An End-to-End Lightweight Solver for Multi-Player Texas Hold'em via Large Language Model.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs PokerGPT: An End-to-End Lightweight Solver for Multi-Player Texas Hold'em via Large Language Model

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.729768Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3afad752-d7f1-4608-bb94-00396b161d44 · outbound

This paper cites Empirical validation of the independent chip model.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Empirical validation of the independent chip model

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.239519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation cdd4baf0-9e4f-4dee-af24-0ccb26412840 · outbound

This paper cites Leslie and Edmund J.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Leslie and Edmund J

Reference 23

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.854511Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e10bde8c-8ad5-43b3-b7fa-c454248f4ea8 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient online pruning and abstraction for imperfect information extensive-form games.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Efficient online pruning and abstraction for imperfect information extensive-form games

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.742791Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4542a7ca-1ac6-48c5-ab56-9017b9700303 · outbound

This paper cites Agents that certify their own exploits: Confidence-scheduled restricted responses for safe opponent exploitation, 2026.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Agents that certify their own exploits: Confidence-scheduled restricted responses for safe opponent exploitation, 2026

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.746950Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 57c47e4f-f770-4f69-ba25-2880d6b85310 · outbound

This paper cites Effective, Efficient, and General Information Abstraction for Imperfect-Information Extensive-Form Games.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Effective, Efficient, and General Information Abstraction for Imperfect-Information Extensive-Form Games

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.751270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c42c7e8c-aded-4e39-bf01-c6e6d243c804 · outbound

This paper cites Real-Time Parallel Counterfactual Regret Minimization.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Real-Time Parallel Counterfactual Regret Minimization

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.756158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70f2bcfd-f940-443a-a8a6-76e93aaa7d42 · outbound

This paper cites Rl-cfr: improving action abstraction for imperfect information extensive-form games with reinforcement learning.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Rl-cfr: improving action abstraction for imperfect information extensive-form games with reinforcement learning

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.760622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aba6dcf3-39c9-4c9c-9fd4-aff9c475dc31 · outbound

This paper cites Av-aivat: 74x cheaper agent evaluation with certified anytime-valid stopping in imperfect-information games, 2026.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Av-aivat: 74x cheaper agent evaluation with certified anytime-valid stopping in imperfect-information games, 2026

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.200315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 7cdb1697-16a4-4ed5-92fd-fa8fa0b16af2 · outbound

This paper cites Correlated Chance Sampling for Monte Carlo Counterfactual Regret Minimization.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Correlated Chance Sampling for Monte Carlo Counterfactual Regret Minimization

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.768689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fd10e974-c237-4300-9ee8-3136a9e0382d · outbound

This paper cites PokerSkill: LLMs Can Play Expert-Level Poker without Training or Solvers.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs PokerSkill: LLMs Can Play Expert-Level Poker without Training or Solvers

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.773037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2e5f1f2-6afb-476e-b2a5-973b4d98c88a · outbound

This paper cites Two Plus Two Publishing LLC, 1999.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Two Plus Two Publishing LLC, 1999

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.184537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d68f1aba-f4bc-4f22-a7f8-9142b1ca8054 · outbound

This paper cites A near-optimal strategy for a heads-up no-limit texas hold’em poker tournament.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs A near-optimal strategy for a heads-up no-limit texas hold’em poker tournament

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.171777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 81cac631-bea6-4076-bca3-3af04909b1b8 · outbound

This paper cites Deepstack: Expert-level artificial intelligence in heads-up no-limit poker.Science, 356(6337):508–513, 2017.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Deepstack: Expert-level artificial intelligence in heads-up no-limit poker.Science, 356(6337):508–513, 2017

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:08.785054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b1fc7824-d886-4c6e-8150-769417c45d5c · outbound

This paper cites The state of solving large incomplete-information games, and application to poker.Ai Magazine, 31(4):13–32, 2010.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs The state of solving large incomplete-information games, and application to poker.Ai Magazine, 31(4):13–32, 2010

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.152299Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 531aebf8-e7f0-491d-b50b-9c39ea2e2db7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.139908Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 0edc583e-2236-426e-86c1-e36c3253d764 · outbound

This paper cites Two Plus Two Publishing LLC, 2007.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Two Plus Two Publishing LLC, 2007

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.126188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d3c8c3aa-3d8e-463e-ac21-8eff0a7a6dba · outbound

This paper cites Two Plus Two Publishing, 1994.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Two Plus Two Publishing, 1994

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.109300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 24b5d762-86ed-44a1-a2e8-5c81d334a12e · outbound

This paper cites Bayes’ bluff: opponent modelling in poker.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Bayes’ bluff: opponent modelling in poker

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.095944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation aa73b4b3-76ff-4e1e-9ceb-775f6449f4b5 · outbound

This paper cites A parameterized family of equilibrium profiles for three-player kuhn poker.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs A parameterized family of equilibrium profiles for three-player kuhn poker

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.082832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation a684ce09-e746-4da9-b4d5-c5973ba33fa7 · outbound

This paper cites Regret mini- mization in games with incomplete information.Advances in neural information processing systems, 20, 2007.

ICM Out! Better Tournament Strategy from Computed Continuations, vs. Solvers and LLMs Regret mini- mization in games with incomplete information.Advances in neural information processing systems, 20, 2007

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T14:42:09.070349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.