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Gromov-Witten theory and Noether-Lefschetz theory

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arxiv 0705.1653 v3 pith:VZ6KCLDC submitted 2007-05-11 math.AG

Gromov-Witten theory and Noether-Lefschetz theory

classification math.AG
keywords noether-lefschetzsurfacesdegreestheorydivisorsfamiliesgromov-wittenmoduli
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Noether-Lefschetz divisors in the moduli of K3 surfaces are the loci corresponding to Picard rank at least 2. We relate the degrees of the Noether-Lefschetz divisors in 1-parameter families of K3 surfaces to the Gromov-Witten theory of the 3-fold total space. The reduced K3 theory and the Yau-Zaslow formula play an important role. We use results of Borcherds and Kudla-Millson for O(2,19) lattices to determine the Noether-Lefschetz degrees in classical families of K3 surfaces of degrees 2, 4, 6 and 8. For the quartic K3 surfaces, the Noether-Lefschetz degrees are proven to be the Fourier coefficients of an explicitly computed modular form of weight 21/2 and level 8. The interplay with mirror symmetry is discussed. We close with a conjecture on the Picard ranks of moduli spaces of K3 surfaces.

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