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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 49 of 49 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.01631.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.01631 v2

Coverage vector

measured 49 of 49 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.335185Z

measured 54 of 54 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 5 of 5 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T12:56:25.274337Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-03T05:27:39.634132Z

Reference resolution

49 of 49 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact2
  • verified fuzzy25
  • unresolved22
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 90b682a3-b277-4a11-bd5e-828d071bc43b · outbound

This paper cites Hugging face-models,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Hugging face-models,

Reference 1

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:59.338927Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:04.497787Z digest=sha256:17ea55be33f690edae3ef10a8ca8e71505f55b24c13bfb11e1ece31d193f6dc0

Observation f6cafbeb-3b75-45f7-90e1-fa45f4065be3 · outbound

This paper cites Code clone detection—a systematic review,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Code clone detection—a systematic review,

Reference 2

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:59.260971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:25.841431Z digest=sha256:d3cfc2c59ec81913b5de8bb78d47c357eb53ee8036b4a88befcd907482a7f34c

Observation 2b25be50-f1b7-468e-93f0-8aeb3898020f · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the role of licenses and evolution in open architecture software ecosystems,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Understanding the role of licenses and evolution in open architecture software ecosystems,

Reference 3

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:59.181071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:31.991201Z digest=sha256:cea0317f8b2576760834bc736f53cea8a749446c94e907d143544b25bb6ba02c

Observation f03e0b1a-57ce-4744-ae86-8a5491031fa4 · outbound

This paper cites Meta llama 3 license.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Meta llama 3 license

Reference 4

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:59.114061Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.107004Z digest=sha256:ad0a3e491448a9d8e472050c7e534416f093d7e03b22b11304fc93d832ce570d

Observation 7e68aac5-ebd5-4ecb-82ff-ac614ad3ebdf · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 3 terms of use,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Gemma 3 terms of use,

Reference 5

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:59.035710Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.385738Z digest=sha256:ab2ea8949f281fdc66c0e0c2b905b5d6003b8ba49c15e8fd9be2bc51f9c381fc

Observation b032eed8-bab1-4637-8675-7cfd270c9feb · outbound

This paper cites A survey of static analysis methods for identifying security vulnerabilities in software systems,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification A survey of static analysis methods for identifying security vulnerabilities in software systems,

Reference 6

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.970163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.417767Z digest=sha256:c75aa414aacb9cdf127f19225cddb5109a9b07bf9db142944672f4471e1bdcf1

Observation a5f22a09-3f33-4a44-9e73-9be78ff0448c · outbound

This paper cites The explosion of small language models (slms) and license confusion,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification The explosion of small language models (slms) and license confusion,

Reference 7

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.901018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.440144Z digest=sha256:55a8940bfab4f6cdc96ef8e4bcebc614f71b9f7b4cd997613190833a0e669297

Observation dd9a6fae-2379-4d6a-b312-d5937adc116f · outbound

This paper cites Instructional Fingerprinting of Large Language Models.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Instructional Fingerprinting of Large Language Models

Reference 8

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.457976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.457976Z digest=sha256:b9c075612b7a9eef6f85f04c9b0d84a9dbaeb2b0f1c30d50b87b9d770cf6987b

Observation 9d9658e8-c61c-4215-a50b-e8cf4d0fe443 · outbound

This paper cites Hey, That's My Model! Introducing Chain & Hash, An LLM Fingerprinting Technique.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Hey, That's My Model! Introducing Chain & Hash, An LLM Fingerprinting Technique

Reference 9

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.487654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.487654Z digest=sha256:9da2db8b523fbb2cdeaae29ee34e24039556f776a2ebda386439dae938424a95

Observation 5367b7c9-caf6-4606-a765-d5356aebbf40 · outbound

This paper cites A fingerprint for large language models,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification A fingerprint for large language models,

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.510171Z digest=sha256:1681c23ec3c6375fee174c93ed7fa548e026bfd17fd5ec4fcb25ba685e19bf3d

Observation 6e4eaa80-b167-41d5-bab0-48b3877f0f1c · outbound

This paper cites Your Large Language Models Are Leaving Fingerprints.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Your Large Language Models Are Leaving Fingerprints

Reference 11

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.529520Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.529520Z digest=sha256:0b4211feb6c82bf85609f334f488eb72067813ac778ae720defbfde03d80dbe6

Observation ff193b78-c06b-4498-87b8-81b37c06255b · outbound

This paper cites REEF: Representation Encoding Fingerprints for Large Language Models.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification REEF: Representation Encoding Fingerprints for Large Language Models

Reference 12

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.549809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.549809Z digest=sha256:f67fa34813fae623516a967eeacecb84299c41253e466596ac19f7009737c414

Observation 17f8f7ee-0b16-422c-99dc-62826df00ef6 · outbound

This paper cites Huref: Human-readable fingerprint for large language models,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Huref: Human-readable fingerprint for large language models,

Reference 13

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.786280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.567502Z digest=sha256:b749c07fa9832884f99a4afbde06b469e3a7235772cff9674d0f802211ee9b7f

Observation b97b70b6-a788-4d34-8acb-0340e66c255b · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervised Model Tree Heritage Recovery.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Unsupervised Model Tree Heritage Recovery

Reference 14

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.589177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.589177Z digest=sha256:f6c6b1bea26c699b289d7bd041e908493e76c153e0740956439707019f20fd1a

Observation e3a663d6-a566-4eeb-9e59-059d3acc3ffb · outbound

This paper cites Models-hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Models-hugging face,

Reference 15

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.706099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.603752Z digest=sha256:482f49f60b814c0eaa6c6094fdb632d4341c87a56ccc700f0100491a13376327

Observation 86e20b47-96d8-4d9a-9781-dd9c3d1e524b · outbound

This paper cites Pain pickle: Bypassing python restricted unpickler for automatic exploit generation,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Pain pickle: Bypassing python restricted unpickler for automatic exploit generation,

Reference 16

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.651702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.623812Z digest=sha256:df4efb8bbd23f7a5a83f627e8a8f11fb1a02085086c326dcbcaf26c2e9be7a1b

Observation 2868d8e9-568f-4252-9343-44e4e431d20f · outbound

This paper cites Safetensors documentation,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Safetensors documentation,

Reference 17

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.616026Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.641002Z digest=sha256:a78178823c4aece920e23230974cdc7d2cdb04375bc3fa2dbb9b7f3518e4455a

Observation b2940480-ba75-4f17-9cc1-20080a795505 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-Tuning Pretrained Language Models: Weight Initializations, Data Orders, and Early Stopping.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Fine-Tuning Pretrained Language Models: Weight Initializations, Data Orders, and Early Stopping

Reference 18

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.662426Z digest=sha256:25a8382acfb7414d778b920e934f15f378cda9cee73ab3cb7a763b905818c758

Observation 2fca282f-14e3-4cdd-adba-239998c7078a · outbound

This paper cites Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Methods for Pretrained Language Models: A Critical Review and Assessment.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Methods for Pretrained Language Models: A Critical Review and Assessment

Reference 19

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.679066Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.679066Z digest=sha256:d3f4b85a086bbd7f428d970a142f8528cb7a0c7b7323a926994fac9bfa4b43b9

Observation be79d273-3e8b-4f69-a243-956a1afe255d · outbound

This paper cites The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning

Reference 20

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.700249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.700249Z digest=sha256:6d5c4449cd9177bfe45667cec1fc022a6277ae6c1136fb32c79d49c51534eff7

Observation 465b6a40-3254-4531-867f-a10c004c4301 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences

Reference 21

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.744821Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.744821Z digest=sha256:fdd6c67546587e4edea09864608257ebda48247963e6604a647eeea833ddb6de

Observation b6d94f68-6db2-459f-8205-f43a58e2659e · outbound

This paper cites Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,

Reference 22

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.794342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.794342Z digest=sha256:89b8864d785806551c8ea5bb1f8a102445ca6da443c162bf7853f9a387e6c9b4

Observation 42e3d9af-2a78-45ec-9f7c-5b8be31181fd · outbound

This paper cites Parameter-efficient transfer learning for nlp,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Parameter-efficient transfer learning for nlp,

Reference 23

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.827438Z digest=sha256:11b8a68185526b5e17e238a52206c33b60781647c9c930c54e6de7f2f01a3c0e

Observation c055aa00-0399-4362-a62d-5bf93174bca8 · outbound

This paper cites Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation

Reference 24

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.871610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.871610Z digest=sha256:f8dd2492474ecea79148c9c627e3740531e45de16a95c2c5419d7be7f113241d

Observation 87d6071e-b9f8-4a7b-af5b-e3c5c4789e26 · outbound

This paper cites Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models

Reference 25

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.901288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.901288Z digest=sha256:35c6d104c8aaf2ef18c5598a7a46ef3de9d89fdad6e5f89fc416b440f92a837c

Observation 66ed174c-812f-446a-b1f5-bea44fb1fabb · outbound

This paper cites Intrinsic Dimensionality Explains the Effectiveness of Language Model Fine-Tuning.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Intrinsic Dimensionality Explains the Effectiveness of Language Model Fine-Tuning

Reference 26

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.921519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.921519Z digest=sha256:4e324182119365f34dc0a600c6a062344a4da938b5e534316a56eca60813447d

Observation 20d31cbb-bfbb-4ac7-b789-f9a581938328 · outbound

This paper cites Visual instruction tuning,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Visual instruction tuning,

Reference 27

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.943878Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.943878Z digest=sha256:419cac581acafc5abff404b6dcb0615a4bb18bb430b4e6e1f0fb989cf61d2ae7

Observation bb1dc6ce-0de8-4e44-8800-efeb4c399cdf · outbound

This paper cites RLAIF vs. RLHF: Scaling Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with AI Feedback.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification RLAIF vs. RLHF: Scaling Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with AI Feedback

Reference 28

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:37.960970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.960970Z digest=sha256:fe402c617498ade626ff81eaf99bab87e683bf56b3d4521a8fed379ea544f743

Observation 6a1757f3-07de-4a89-ac3d-59eb614d49c6 · outbound

This paper cites The fine-tuning landscape in 2025: A comprehensive analysis,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification The fine-tuning landscape in 2025: A comprehensive analysis,

Reference 29

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.505086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.981952Z digest=sha256:01f817f6386ebe2a77e7a3c9a82c55e5753caa6db2db363b7289de2a8cef4acd

Observation cd76f639-9f39-450b-a67a-2fea0c3214c9 · outbound

This paper cites A Systematic Literature Review of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Large Code Models.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification A Systematic Literature Review of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Large Code Models

Reference 30

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:37.999251Z digest=sha256:adf6e5eaaf9162649a071c02cbbbd425a2bc1a5fcc726fe5030430e6b93759b4

Observation 92e3eb51-3b99-46ce-aec1-90378cd12edb · outbound

This paper cites Ia3: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning with ia3,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Ia3: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning with ia3,

Reference 31

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.461360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.016435Z digest=sha256:3a7be9731a0eeb7b9b4a8b43ced044c49ba321705eb0e8e00670da823fd2cd44

Observation 5d453ae4-9151-405c-8847-c79bd0b98da4 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-7b-instruct on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Qwen2.5-7b-instruct on hugging face,

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.426574Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.036549Z digest=sha256:8f1867684bcff7818c03894117df572768048e21852b044c3179eb7b59efd917

Observation 70b9fbf4-1ad7-44b9-9c07-08e17579af1c · outbound

This paper cites Phi-4 on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Phi-4 on hugging face,

Reference 33

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.395050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.056306Z digest=sha256:68dc33ad22320448ba6a5df8a000f88006c347ed171102aeb9e8fc53a7acb9c5

Observation a352021f-3740-4872-9b36-9dfe4ad6f12f · outbound

This paper cites Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examples

Reference 34

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.076128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.076128Z digest=sha256:6f90251c6e4142789dc2cc241e9883bd1850baaccf828cc5e3513e6b8e08a8d6

Observation f768574e-0d4b-4b46-949c-a758c82919df · outbound

This paper cites Principal components analysis (pca),.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Principal components analysis (pca),

Reference 35

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.092239Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.092239Z digest=sha256:79fc3b27f94d25433c739781381248b2f2dd7217065d684d5590e2eb8e3cb3f2

Observation b9bcdc56-f808-40d2-bec9-9ebe930b5bf7 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 3.1-8b on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Llama 3.1-8b on hugging face,

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.348716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.116230Z digest=sha256:5a3bccdcbeebfd76ac0a68e8688f0eae2feb367e6f3b595997b0c27262f043f2

Observation f1abea04-1886-48a6-975b-a66b60cf6e95 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 3.2-1b on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Llama 3.2-1b on hugging face,

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.314211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.127701Z digest=sha256:a55a6000288f92bad93907a49b811f8da18cb7672ef5d5c582a16a88c89f877c

Observation ee253e18-bb57-4486-a958-e33b7d678873 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 3.2-3b on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Llama 3.2-3b on hugging face,

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.269647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.141474Z digest=sha256:6cd3dfb418b648547563d45d1c0994ae7fe2134907991f0ee16df4d6acc42299

Observation c555a5cc-2ba9-4aa3-84d0-a43ac7c47193 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-3b on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Qwen2.5-3b on hugging face,

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.233896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.159745Z digest=sha256:dd5d742e4536f2e3b3efe4dab5c5146b63a717921f40ae6829f49ef09176e913

Observation fd56929e-652b-41ab-9199-76060d785c7e · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-7b on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Qwen2.5-7b on hugging face,

Reference 40

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.191165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.179951Z digest=sha256:cdf40c7edbc15a98f916d4f0429fa9faff91d1a2291ca21f31ba492a95210da8

Observation a5d7be87-9735-481f-9765-b52238649621 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-4 on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Phi-4 on hugging face,

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.148407Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.195010Z digest=sha256:4558b81ada6a141607105706a63a4f8dc2f8a2d9a21e8e8578e1a2c3a36bbd31

Observation 933fcab6-3f3d-474b-ac4e-7c88e3392ae8 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 3 4b it on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Gemma 3 4b it on hugging face,

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.062568Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.211757Z digest=sha256:dab02f80e543855fce827c5944d8f5841d831e76d6ab7d797a454aa096f720bc

Observation 144041b4-2c08-4ef9-8ee3-244790b87cac · outbound

This paper cites Mistral-7b-instruct-v0.1 on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Mistral-7b-instruct-v0.1 on hugging face,

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:57.988684Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.225519Z digest=sha256:5d339df7309ddb3073363c41c290ed0f964de88873ef57857f9e4fdc0d1b2ca4

Observation d21679c5-3f11-45bd-a914-661608e96c05 · outbound

This paper cites Extending Llama-3's Context Ten-Fold Overnight.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Extending Llama-3's Context Ten-Fold Overnight

Reference 44

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.506998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.241048Z digest=sha256:a46fd0cc687398aeec2a345a1fc3d9103b54cd78f96544315fbda72103dcf043

Observation 97a5f85d-f5b0-4575-ad94-3601c36a4354 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-Tuning Qwen 2.5 3B for Realistic Movie Dialogue Generation.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Fine-Tuning Qwen 2.5 3B for Realistic Movie Dialogue Generation

Reference 45

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.447625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.259018Z digest=sha256:55e0b1a260e36dc736919590ef20143d8e942baf4c93c520899fb40f0927757c

Observation 127b653a-fc03-4cac-b7af-b92dcda63c87 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-tuning gemma-7b for enhanced sentiment analysis of financial news headlines,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Fine-tuning gemma-7b for enhanced sentiment analysis of financial news headlines,

Reference 46

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:57.912199Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.276604Z digest=sha256:e11e20767f0c8304438bf6c468892f24971854dc21e37a927a54dcc94efd6027

Observation a3906756-8c76-4c45-91c9-c18a1840d665 · outbound

This paper cites Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Adaptive Machine Translation.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Adaptive Machine Translation

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.291461Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.291461Z digest=sha256:19825b207d8328404a59deb86299e2418a7f394f85f41805bd5ad9d055f026dd

Observation b925b99a-48e0-4b30-a48c-a839cbd5c365 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2 2b it on hugging face,.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Gemma 2 2b it on hugging face,

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:21.648704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.314144Z digest=sha256:f9361f951a0d068c5813b2b80425aabec4b031b22706c12527e0cbcec4dc8fce

Observation c1d758c7-06ae-4e4d-9d69-d6e7be0f4aee · outbound

This paper cites Piracy Resistant Watermarks for Deep Neural Networks.

Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification Piracy Resistant Watermarks for Deep Neural Networks

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:45:38.335185Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:45:38.335185Z digest=sha256:117a093057b16c8d5f1940855a7eb59a7fcf55ff7e05d5399394dda3ca5afa16

Pith citing papers

Observation 3abbc680-51a3-4dba-baea-3ad64bf49b99 · inbound

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends cites this paper.

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

Reference 153

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T22:46:52.866402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T22:45:31.935618Z digest=sha256:d4ea08744d333ceb7de952c27db2c0971f4a666af4128503b9f3b2885bad9e5d

Observation cbb19b2b-58ac-4417-b917-67278ca75380 · inbound

KBF: Knowledge Boundary as Fingerprint for Language Model and Black-Box API Auditing cites this paper.

KBF: Knowledge Boundary as Fingerprint for Language Model and Black-Box API Auditing Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

Reference 29

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T14:13:31.072060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T06:45:05.518966Z digest=sha256:ea8d9e80a08c0082aeaa57b1809e364625742742eabded6ffb3a601453f61913

Observation fd717b20-9488-4bf0-a812-4e98a3501592 · inbound

KBF: Knowledge Boundary as Fingerprint for Language Model and Black-Box API Auditing cites this paper.

KBF: Knowledge Boundary as Fingerprint for Language Model and Black-Box API Auditing Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T12:56:25.274337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T12:56:25.274337Z digest=sha256:2acbbc64441c1faa1c5afa7bc61296a078536e8b14c5c7c00b6e8eb972da1f53

Observation 8ec2d37d-77e0-4b94-88ba-b08f83f593e2 · inbound

READER: Robust Evidence-based Authorship Decoding via Extracted Representations cites this paper.

READER: Robust Evidence-based Authorship Decoding via Extracted Representations Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

Reference 26

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T05:27:39.635633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-27T13:19:48.681128Z digest=sha256:a1c8be8a67c47bc0eb8926ec37befff1894fedb37f5d2c961e50fb55d7a3d218

Observation 23e0d316-cc98-490e-a7f5-e01bbc8027a3 · inbound

modelDNA: Calibrated Lineage Verification and Merge Decomposition from Sampled Weight Fingerprints cites this paper.

modelDNA: Calibrated Lineage Verification and Merge Decomposition from Sampled Weight Fingerprints Gradient-Based Model Fingerprinting for LLM Similarity Detection and Family Classification

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T10:27:28.207221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-14T10:27:28.207221Z digest=sha256:1159cc5d3fad8e02a7e38e3ce7d03bca791fe630801c103e1766e4e4daabe93a