Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.182154Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.05571.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T08:24:20.921284Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-10T06:15:00.866473Z
Reference resolution
47 of 47 outbound references displayed
- verified exact1
- verified fuzzy12
- unresolved34
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation a19ce20d-29d1-445f-ae90-614779f64f9e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.981175Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e9320059-a243-4119-afa5-20dd06f4c8d3 · outbound
This paper cites and King, J.-R.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and King, J.-R
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.970369Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 7e6e39e3-4407-4d87-b6fe-6f7a92bed8b1 · outbound
This paper cites Probing BERT in Hyperbolic Spaces.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Probing BERT in Hyperbolic Spaces
Reference 3
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.003540Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2aed03a1-c96e-4399-8ade-911dd64d20e9 · outbound
This paper cites A., Hewitt, J., and Manning, C.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models A., Hewitt, J., and Manning, C
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.959351Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 25f9d52f-5ab1-42a1-a9f3-3201260ee040 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 05c4ed47-d2e9-4c0f-a1dc-0ebb4ad08e99 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.937259Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 93e5978b-2f4a-4556-a8d4-3d8e69ae4ede · outbound
This paper cites and Rizzi, L.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Rizzi, L
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.924409Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8be5adeb-119c-4a84-8aa9-426483a18025 · outbound
This paper cites No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation
Reference 8
- Resolution
- unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 50ae06da-d628-4bd6-b3cd-51c30d1bb57f · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation f6c46876-93ba-4bc2-ac3b-90af7a60a818 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 2ef0bb29-f3d4-46b7-b3a1-7e6bbdf5db95 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 946fc527-e3f0-4e3a-ab7d-ac010825c381 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
- Resolution
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- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.682247Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation f3a12200-dc9c-4162-a820-0d91d40ca841 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a7cbaef0-918b-4837-b5d7-fdbedb859d61 · outbound
This paper cites Language acquisition: do children and language models follow similar learning stages?.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Language acquisition: do children and language models follow similar learning stages?
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.049224Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e17e710d-0a2f-4346-8300-b4cbbbd7ebd9 · outbound
This paper cites T., Campanelli, L., Li, J., Bhattasali, S., Pallier, C., and Brennan, J.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models T., Campanelli, L., Li, J., Bhattasali, S., Pallier, C., and Brennan, J
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.657070Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 24fa48d5-52c5-44cb-bb8e-54a78c02f9d8 · outbound
This paper cites and Manning, C.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Manning, C
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.644906Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e9e226ff-6836-452d-a671-a849ce161106 · outbound
This paper cites Tensor Product Generation Networks for Deep NLP Modeling.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Tensor Product Generation Networks for Deep NLP Modeling
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.253622Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 25912aad-b25b-4bde-9443-512346759005 · outbound
This paper cites and Huth, A.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Huth, A
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.634501Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation c3a7bbc3-9d30-46cf-91ee-68069ac5f209 · outbound
This paper cites Q., Sablayrolles, A., Mensch, A., Bamford, C., Chaplot, D.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Q., Sablayrolles, A., Mensch, A., Bamford, C., Chaplot, D
Reference 19
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T20:40:23.069309Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c32250c8-b637-44bb-be96-aa46f62a3d78 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a909ad7f-39f0-4b0c-9c91-e5f64b29f1c7 · outbound
This paper cites and Dehaene, S.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Dehaene, S
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b62bfd9f-eaff-487f-b832-78b3372ec473 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8d8038e9-a1dc-490b-9179-319f58b758c2 · outbound
This paper cites and Bandettini, P.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Bandettini, P
Reference 23
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9befb792-6200-4e2f-8a8c-7a8eb7337483 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation be5b75f1-7008-4bea-b693-178f94e49a26 · outbound
This paper cites Can RNNs learn Recursive Nested Subject-Verb Agreements?.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Can RNNs learn Recursive Nested Subject-Verb Agreements?
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 26a39acb-cdac-4ef9-8988-773862aea8fb · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 239c97c1-b4a8-4329-9ee0-0aa2f9fdaef3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 98d0ffe8-c318-4555-bab4-b7474a0ba69c · outbound
This paper cites and Mare c ek, D.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Mare c ek, D
Reference 28
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a850ab2e-16ee-4954-8d9b-8b6d3f4fd498 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 88b948e0-e215-444d-a98d-5acbec6c5b78 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 0392da87-d52d-4042-8ade-25f4143773e9 · outbound
This paper cites and Kiela, D.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models and Kiela, D
Reference 31
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6b28f51a-194d-43ca-b4e8-94e7ac3d8f5e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b2a6a0a0-4483-4a0d-98b3-e565723d02a8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 1be0d274-cdef-46be-9174-d191e3238cc1 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
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Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 52673236-9347-4f91-8a30-790c7a72f63b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 04a0c7f6-0b98-46cc-9f10-9e94265521ac · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 967bfcf9-14ba-4451-9aa1-96dafbcead93 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
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Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b66bfb39-9ddb-4535-8036-bb6f7cf51571 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e0e8e0a5-bb0f-42a9-92a0-a05b88d94c96 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 12dab0a5-8795-433a-99df-d6e0501d9345 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 451191fb-6644-45d0-a45e-2b4608d625b4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 53183a71-ab81-4075-a31c-9ef675f14f9e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a5617d22-6ead-47e6-aea2-7f0403c99db3 · outbound
This paper cites T., Fernandez, R., Goldrick, M., and Gao, J.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models T., Fernandez, R., Goldrick, M., and Gao, J
Reference 43
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9f2d8f4d-7584-4a62-ba60-2fe588fd1759 · outbound
This paper cites Discovering the Compositional Structure of Vector Representations with Role Learning Networks.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Discovering the Compositional Structure of Vector Representations with Role Learning Networks
Reference 44
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 52e6d086-4a5b-4475-8728-8c9c579520df · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d0df9a80-a2eb-4cee-8cb7-2fc1f2551a37 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6a9a2de5-a6ea-494b-889f-e9229706a21c · outbound
This paper cites C., Pimentel, T., Saphra, N., and Cotterell, R.
A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models C., Pimentel, T., Saphra, N., and Cotterell, R
Reference 47
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Pith citing papers
Observation c1ec71ba-4e2a-4829-930d-7910ef4ded7e · inbound
Sparse Reward Subsystem in Large Language Models cites this paper.
Sparse Reward Subsystem in Large Language Models A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models
Reference 7
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d932fd35-1076-41b3-be51-2a9c6075003c · inbound
A framework for analyzing concept representations in neural models cites this paper.
A framework for analyzing concept representations in neural models A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models
Reference 171
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 4c115eac-f043-4649-b647-e5e44d5b4f1d · inbound
Relational Rank Geometry in Transformers: Detecting and Steering Hidden-State Relation Frames cites this paper.
Relational Rank Geometry in Transformers: Detecting and Steering Hidden-State Relation Frames A polar coordinate system represents syntax in large language models
Reference 11
- Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.