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WIMPs during Reheating

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arxiv 2209.07546 v2 pith:Y3OWV7KB submitted 2022-09-15 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords reheatingwimpsduringfreeze-outinflatondarkmatterstandard
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abstract

Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the best-motivated dark matter candidates. In the standard scenario where the freeze-out occurs well after the end of inflationary reheating, they are in tension with the severe experimental constraints. Here, we investigate the thermal freeze-out of WIMPs occurring {\it during} reheating, while the inflaton $\phi$ coherently oscillates in a generic potential $\propto \phi^n$. Depending on the value of $n$ and the spin of the inflaton decaying products, the evolution of the radiation and inflaton energy densities can show distinct features, therefore, having a considerable impact on the freeze-out behavior of WIMPs. As a result of the injection of entropy during reheating, the parameter space compatible with the observed DM relic abundance is enlarged. In particular, the WIMP thermally averaged annihilation cross-section can be several magnitudes lower than that in the standard case. Finally, we discuss the current bounds from dark matter indirect detection experiments, and explore future challenges and opportunities.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Leptogenesis with sub-electroweak-scale reheating temperature

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Leptogenesis remains viable for reheating temperatures below sphaleron freeze-out in three perturbative monomial-inflaton scenarios, with blue-tilted primordial GWs as a potential probe.

  2. Aspects of Gravitational Portals and Freeze-in during Reheating

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    During reheating, freeze-in from the gravitationally produced radiation bath can dominate the dark matter relic density for DM masses above the reheating temperature, with k- and n-dependent constraints.

  3. Probing low-reheating scenarios with minimal freeze-in dark matter

    hep-ph 2024-12 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    In the minimal freeze-in dark photon model, low-temperature reheating pushes the required portal coupling to larger values, and the exact curve depends on the equation of state during reheating, widening the reach of ...

  4. Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter as a Probe of Inflationary Reheating

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Inflaton decays during reheating can produce all of the observed sterile-neutrino dark matter with a branching ratio below 10^-4, evading X-ray bounds and making a future X-ray line a probe of the inflaton mass and re...

  5. Primordial Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions during Reheating

    astro-ph.CO 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Phase transitions happening during reheating can produce gravitational-wave signals that are delayed, prolonged, and shifted in amplitude and frequency by orders of magnitude compared with standard cosmology.

  6. Beyond the Veil: Charting WIMP Territories at the Neutrino Floor

    hep-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Freeze-in, early matter domination, and fast-expanding cosmologies keep many WIMP models within reach of next-generation direct detection experiments at the neutrino floor.

  7. $Z'$-Mediated Dark Matter with Low-Temperature Reheating

    hep-ph 2024-12 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

    Low-temperature reheating shifts the relic-density contours of Z'-mediated dark matter so that WIMP and FIMP solutions merge and new regions become testable.

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